Burgundians - Revision history

Bacchus: Text replacement - "tbe " to "the "

2024-04-28T23:50:50Z

Text replacement - "tbe " to "the "

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:50, 28 April 2024
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	[[File:Das Reich der germanischen Goten unter Theoderich dem Großen um 523 nach der Zeitrechnung.gif\|thumb\|350px\|The Empire of ~~tbe~~ [[Goths]] under [[Theoderic ~~tbe~~ Great]] around 523 A.D. after Rome had been conquered by [[Germanic tribes]] ({{lang-de\|[https://de.metapedia.org/wiki/Eroberung_Roms_(Germanen) Eroberung Roms]}})]]		[[File:Das Reich der germanischen Goten unter Theoderich dem Großen um 523 nach der Zeitrechnung.gif\|thumb\|350px\|The Empire of the [[Goths]] under [[Theoderic the Great]] around 523 A.D. after Rome had been conquered by [[Germanic tribes]] ({{lang-de\|[https://de.metapedia.org/wiki/Eroberung_Roms_(Germanen) Eroberung Roms]}})]]
	The '''Burgundians''' ({{lang-de\|Burgunden or Burgunder}}) were a [[Germanic people]] who established a kingdom in ~~tbe~~ general region of what is today Burgundy. It was conquered by ~~tbe~~ [[Franks]] in 534.		The '''Burgundians''' ({{lang-de\|Burgunden or Burgunder}}) were a [[Germanic people]] who established a kingdom in the general region of what is today Burgundy. It was conquered by the [[Franks]] in 534.

	==History==		==History==
	: ''As [[Rome]]’s hold over ~~tbe~~ Western Empire declined in ~~tbe~~ second half of ~~tbe~~ 5th century, ~~tbe~~ Burgundians gradually spread their control over areas to ~~tbe~~ north and west of Savoy and then throughout ~~tbe~~ Rhône and Saône river valleys. This second Burgundian kingdom reached its zenith under ~~tbe~~ lawgiver and Christian king Gundobad (474–516), who promulgated a written code of laws, ~~tbe~~ Lex Gundobada, for ~~tbe~~ Burgundians and a separate code, ~~tbe~~ Lex Romana Burgundionum, for his Gallo-Roman subjects. This Burgundy remained independent until 534, when ~~tbe~~ [[Franks]] occupied ~~tbe~~ kingdom, extinguishing ~~tbe~~ royal dynasty. With ~~tbe~~ death of ~~tbe~~ Frankish king Clotar I in 561, however, ~~tbe~~ Frankish kingdom was partitioned among members of ~~tbe~~ [[Merovingian dynasty]], and one of Clotar’s sons, Guntram, secured ~~tbe~~ regnum Burgundiae, or kingdom of Burgundy. This kingdom eventually included not only all ~~tbe~~ former Burgundian lands but also ~~tbe~~ diocese of Arles in Provence, ~~tbe~~ Val d’Aosta east of ~~tbe~~ Alps, and even extensive territory in north-central [[Francia]]. It remained a separate Merovingian kingdom until Charles Martel, ~~tbe~~ grandfather of [[Charlemagne]], subjugated it to Frankish Austrasia early in ~~tbe~~ 8th century. The [[Carolingians]] made several partitions of Burgundy before Boso, ruler of ~~tbe~~ Viennois, had himself proclaimed king of all Burgundy from Autun to ~~tbe~~ Mediterranean Sea in 879. The French Carolingians later recovered ~~tbe~~ country west of ~~tbe~~ Saône and north of Lyons from him, and ~~tbe~~ German Carolingians recovered Jurane, or Upper, Burgundy (i.e., Transjurane Burgundy, or ~~tbe~~ country between ~~tbe~~ Jura and ~~tbe~~ Alps, together with Cisjurane Burgundy, or Franche-Comté). Boso and his successors, however, were able to maintain themselves in ~~tbe~~ kingdom of Provence, or Lower Burgundy, until about 933. In 888 Rudolf I (died 912) of ~~tbe~~ German Welf family was recognized as king of Jurane Burgundy, including much of what is now Switzerland. His son and successor, Rudolf II, was able to conclude a treaty about 931 with Hugh of Provence, successor of Boso’s son Louis ~~tbe~~ Blind, whereby he extended his rule over ~~tbe~~ entire regnum Burgundiae except ~~tbe~~ areas west of ~~tbe~~ Saône. This union of Upper and Lower Burgundy was bequeathed in 1032 to ~~tbe~~ German king and emperor Conrad II and became known from ~~tbe~~ 13th century as ~~tbe~~ kingdom of Arles—the name Burgundy being increasingly reserved for ~~tbe~~ county of Burgundy (Cisjurane Burgundy) and for ~~tbe~~ duchy of Burgundy. The duchy of Burgundy was that part of ~~tbe~~ regnum Burgundiae west of ~~tbe~~ Saône River; it was recovered from Boso by ~~tbe~~ French Carolingians and remained a part of ~~tbe~~ kingdom of France. Boso’s brother Richard, count of Autun, organized ~~tbe~~ greater part of ~~tbe~~ territory under his own authority. His son Rudolph (Raoul), who succeeded him in 921, was elected king of Francia in 923. On Rudolph’s death in 936 ~~tbe~~ Carolingian king Louis IV and Hugh ~~tbe~~ Great, duke of ~~tbe~~ Franks, detached Sens, Troyes, and (temporarily) Langres from Burgundy. [...] After ~~tbe~~ death of Charles ~~tbe~~ Bold in 1477, his heiress, Mary of Burgundy, married ~~tbe~~ Austrian archduke Maximilian of Habsburg (later ~~tbe~~ Holy Roman emperor), thus disappointing French hopes that she would marry Louis XI’s son Charles, ~~tbe~~ future Charles VIII of France. The Treaty of Arras (1482), however, ceded Franche-Comté to Charles on his betrothal to Mary’s daughter Margaret of Austria. When he broke this engagement, he had to cede Franche-Comté to Austria by ~~tbe~~ Treaty of Senlis in 1493. For ~~tbe~~ next 185 years Franche-Comté was a possession of ~~tbe~~ Habsburgs. By ~~tbe~~ Treaty of Saint-Jean-de-Losne (1522) with France, ~~tbe~~ neutrality of ~~tbe~~ county was ensured during ~~tbe~~ wars between ~~tbe~~ [[Habsburgs]] and ~~tbe~~ last French kings of ~~tbe~~ Valois line. Its enduring prosperity, enhanced by industrial development, can be judged by ~~tbe~~ splendid Renaissance architecture of its towns. Civil disturbances, however, came with ~~tbe~~ Reformation, when bands of [[Protestants]] entered ~~tbe~~ mainly [[Roman Catholic]] county from Germany and Switzerland. Franche-Comté passed to ~~tbe~~ Spanish Habsburgs through ~~tbe~~ emperor Charles V’s partition of his dominions in 1556. Under Philip II of Spain a forceful repression of Protestants took place, and Henry IV of France, in his war with Philip, violated Franche-Comté’s neutrality. From 1598 to 1635 peace was maintained, but French fear of Habsburg encirclement led Louis XIII to attempt to annex ~~tbe~~ county. He invaded and ravaged ~~tbe~~ area annually from 1636 to 1639, but ~~tbe~~ Peace of Westphalia (1648) confirmed Habsburg control.''<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/place/Burgundy Encyclopedia Britannica: Burgundy: History]</ref>		: ''As [[Rome]]’s hold over the Western Empire declined in the second half of the 5th century, the Burgundians gradually spread their control over areas to the north and west of Savoy and then throughout the Rhône and Saône river valleys. This second Burgundian kingdom reached its zenith under the lawgiver and Christian king Gundobad (474–516), who promulgated a written code of laws, the Lex Gundobada, for the Burgundians and a separate code, the Lex Romana Burgundionum, for his Gallo-Roman subjects. This Burgundy remained independent until 534, when the [[Franks]] occupied the kingdom, extinguishing the royal dynasty. With the death of the Frankish king Clotar I in 561, however, the Frankish kingdom was partitioned among members of the [[Merovingian dynasty]], and one of Clotar’s sons, Guntram, secured the regnum Burgundiae, or kingdom of Burgundy. This kingdom eventually included not only all the former Burgundian lands but also the diocese of Arles in Provence, the Val d’Aosta east of the Alps, and even extensive territory in north-central [[Francia]]. It remained a separate Merovingian kingdom until Charles Martel, the grandfather of [[Charlemagne]], subjugated it to Frankish Austrasia early in the 8th century. The [[Carolingians]] made several partitions of Burgundy before Boso, ruler of the Viennois, had himself proclaimed king of all Burgundy from Autun to the Mediterranean Sea in 879. The French Carolingians later recovered the country west of the Saône and north of Lyons from him, and the German Carolingians recovered Jurane, or Upper, Burgundy (i.e., Transjurane Burgundy, or the country between the Jura and the Alps, together with Cisjurane Burgundy, or Franche-Comté). Boso and his successors, however, were able to maintain themselves in the kingdom of Provence, or Lower Burgundy, until about 933. In 888 Rudolf I (died 912) of the German Welf family was recognized as king of Jurane Burgundy, including much of what is now Switzerland. His son and successor, Rudolf II, was able to conclude a treaty about 931 with Hugh of Provence, successor of Boso’s son Louis the Blind, whereby he extended his rule over the entire regnum Burgundiae except the areas west of the Saône. This union of Upper and Lower Burgundy was bequeathed in 1032 to the German king and emperor Conrad II and became known from the 13th century as the kingdom of Arles—the name Burgundy being increasingly reserved for the county of Burgundy (Cisjurane Burgundy) and for the duchy of Burgundy. The duchy of Burgundy was that part of the regnum Burgundiae west of the Saône River; it was recovered from Boso by the French Carolingians and remained a part of the kingdom of France. Boso’s brother Richard, count of Autun, organized the greater part of the territory under his own authority. His son Rudolph (Raoul), who succeeded him in 921, was elected king of Francia in 923. On Rudolph’s death in 936 the Carolingian king Louis IV and Hugh the Great, duke of the Franks, detached Sens, Troyes, and (temporarily) Langres from Burgundy. [...] After the death of Charles the Bold in 1477, his heiress, Mary of Burgundy, married the Austrian archduke Maximilian of Habsburg (later the Holy Roman emperor), thus disappointing French hopes that she would marry Louis XI’s son Charles, the future Charles VIII of France. The Treaty of Arras (1482), however, ceded Franche-Comté to Charles on his betrothal to Mary’s daughter Margaret of Austria. When he broke this engagement, he had to cede Franche-Comté to Austria by the Treaty of Senlis in 1493. For the next 185 years Franche-Comté was a possession of the Habsburgs. By the Treaty of Saint-Jean-de-Losne (1522) with France, the neutrality of the county was ensured during the wars between the [[Habsburgs]] and the last French kings of the Valois line. Its enduring prosperity, enhanced by industrial development, can be judged by the splendid Renaissance architecture of its towns. Civil disturbances, however, came with the Reformation, when bands of [[Protestants]] entered the mainly [[Roman Catholic]] county from Germany and Switzerland. Franche-Comté passed to the Spanish Habsburgs through the emperor Charles V’s partition of his dominions in 1556. Under Philip II of Spain a forceful repression of Protestants took place, and Henry IV of France, in his war with Philip, violated Franche-Comté’s neutrality. From 1598 to 1635 peace was maintained, but French fear of Habsburg encirclement led Louis XIII to attempt to annex the county. He invaded and ravaged the area annually from 1636 to 1639, but the Peace of Westphalia (1648) confirmed Habsburg control.''<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/place/Burgundy Encyclopedia Britannica: Burgundy: History]</ref>
	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist\|2}}		{{reflist\|2}}

Bacchus: Text replacement - " the " to " tbe "

2024-04-26T17:14:03Z

Text replacement - " the " to " tbe "

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:14, 26 April 2024
Line 1:		Line 1:
	[[File:Das Reich der germanischen Goten unter Theoderich dem Großen um 523 nach der Zeitrechnung.gif\|thumb\|350px\|The Empire of ~~the~~ [[Goths]] under [[Theoderic ~~the~~ Great]] around 523 A.D. after Rome had been conquered by [[Germanic tribes]] ({{lang-de\|[https://de.metapedia.org/wiki/Eroberung_Roms_(Germanen) Eroberung Roms]}})]]		[[File:Das Reich der germanischen Goten unter Theoderich dem Großen um 523 nach der Zeitrechnung.gif\|thumb\|350px\|The Empire of tbe [[Goths]] under [[Theoderic tbe Great]] around 523 A.D. after Rome had been conquered by [[Germanic tribes]] ({{lang-de\|[https://de.metapedia.org/wiki/Eroberung_Roms_(Germanen) Eroberung Roms]}})]]
	The '''Burgundians''' ({{lang-de\|Burgunden or Burgunder}}) were a [[Germanic people]] who established a kingdom in ~~the~~ general region of what is today Burgundy. It was conquered by ~~the~~ [[Franks]] in 534.		The '''Burgundians''' ({{lang-de\|Burgunden or Burgunder}}) were a [[Germanic people]] who established a kingdom in tbe general region of what is today Burgundy. It was conquered by tbe [[Franks]] in 534.

	==History==		==History==
	: ''As [[Rome]]’s hold over ~~the~~ Western Empire declined in ~~the~~ second half of ~~the~~ 5th century, ~~the~~ Burgundians gradually spread their control over areas to ~~the~~ north and west of Savoy and then throughout ~~the~~ Rhône and Saône river valleys. This second Burgundian kingdom reached its zenith under ~~the~~ lawgiver and Christian king Gundobad (474–516), who promulgated a written code of laws, ~~the~~ Lex Gundobada, for ~~the~~ Burgundians and a separate code, ~~the~~ Lex Romana Burgundionum, for his Gallo-Roman subjects. This Burgundy remained independent until 534, when ~~the~~ [[Franks]] occupied ~~the~~ kingdom, extinguishing ~~the~~ royal dynasty. With ~~the~~ death of ~~the~~ Frankish king Clotar I in 561, however, ~~the~~ Frankish kingdom was partitioned among members of ~~the~~ [[Merovingian dynasty]], and one of Clotar’s sons, Guntram, secured ~~the~~ regnum Burgundiae, or kingdom of Burgundy. This kingdom eventually included not only all ~~the~~ former Burgundian lands but also ~~the~~ diocese of Arles in Provence, ~~the~~ Val d’Aosta east of ~~the~~ Alps, and even extensive territory in north-central [[Francia]]. It remained a separate Merovingian kingdom until Charles Martel, ~~the~~ grandfather of [[Charlemagne]], subjugated it to Frankish Austrasia early in ~~the~~ 8th century. The [[Carolingians]] made several partitions of Burgundy before Boso, ruler of ~~the~~ Viennois, had himself proclaimed king of all Burgundy from Autun to ~~the~~ Mediterranean Sea in 879. The French Carolingians later recovered ~~the~~ country west of ~~the~~ Saône and north of Lyons from him, and ~~the~~ German Carolingians recovered Jurane, or Upper, Burgundy (i.e., Transjurane Burgundy, or ~~the~~ country between ~~the~~ Jura and ~~the~~ Alps, together with Cisjurane Burgundy, or Franche-Comté). Boso and his successors, however, were able to maintain themselves in ~~the~~ kingdom of Provence, or Lower Burgundy, until about 933. In 888 Rudolf I (died 912) of ~~the~~ German Welf family was recognized as king of Jurane Burgundy, including much of what is now Switzerland. His son and successor, Rudolf II, was able to conclude a treaty about 931 with Hugh of Provence, successor of Boso’s son Louis ~~the~~ Blind, whereby he extended his rule over ~~the~~ entire regnum Burgundiae except ~~the~~ areas west of ~~the~~ Saône. This union of Upper and Lower Burgundy was bequeathed in 1032 to ~~the~~ German king and emperor Conrad II and became known from ~~the~~ 13th century as ~~the~~ kingdom of Arles—the name Burgundy being increasingly reserved for ~~the~~ county of Burgundy (Cisjurane Burgundy) and for ~~the~~ duchy of Burgundy. The duchy of Burgundy was that part of ~~the~~ regnum Burgundiae west of ~~the~~ Saône River; it was recovered from Boso by ~~the~~ French Carolingians and remained a part of ~~the~~ kingdom of France. Boso’s brother Richard, count of Autun, organized ~~the~~ greater part of ~~the~~ territory under his own authority. His son Rudolph (Raoul), who succeeded him in 921, was elected king of Francia in 923. On Rudolph’s death in 936 ~~the~~ Carolingian king Louis IV and Hugh ~~the~~ Great, duke of ~~the~~ Franks, detached Sens, Troyes, and (temporarily) Langres from Burgundy. [...] After ~~the~~ death of Charles ~~the~~ Bold in 1477, his heiress, Mary of Burgundy, married ~~the~~ Austrian archduke Maximilian of Habsburg (later ~~the~~ Holy Roman emperor), thus disappointing French hopes that she would marry Louis XI’s son Charles, ~~the~~ future Charles VIII of France. The Treaty of Arras (1482), however, ceded Franche-Comté to Charles on his betrothal to Mary’s daughter Margaret of Austria. When he broke this engagement, he had to cede Franche-Comté to Austria by ~~the~~ Treaty of Senlis in 1493. For ~~the~~ next 185 years Franche-Comté was a possession of ~~the~~ Habsburgs. By ~~the~~ Treaty of Saint-Jean-de-Losne (1522) with France, ~~the~~ neutrality of ~~the~~ county was ensured during ~~the~~ wars between ~~the~~ [[Habsburgs]] and ~~the~~ last French kings of ~~the~~ Valois line. Its enduring prosperity, enhanced by industrial development, can be judged by ~~the~~ splendid Renaissance architecture of its towns. Civil disturbances, however, came with ~~the~~ Reformation, when bands of [[Protestants]] entered ~~the~~ mainly [[Roman Catholic]] county from Germany and Switzerland. Franche-Comté passed to ~~the~~ Spanish Habsburgs through ~~the~~ emperor Charles V’s partition of his dominions in 1556. Under Philip II of Spain a forceful repression of Protestants took place, and Henry IV of France, in his war with Philip, violated Franche-Comté’s neutrality. From 1598 to 1635 peace was maintained, but French fear of Habsburg encirclement led Louis XIII to attempt to annex ~~the~~ county. He invaded and ravaged ~~the~~ area annually from 1636 to 1639, but ~~the~~ Peace of Westphalia (1648) confirmed Habsburg control.''<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/place/Burgundy Encyclopedia Britannica: Burgundy: History]</ref>		: ''As [[Rome]]’s hold over tbe Western Empire declined in tbe second half of tbe 5th century, tbe Burgundians gradually spread their control over areas to tbe north and west of Savoy and then throughout tbe Rhône and Saône river valleys. This second Burgundian kingdom reached its zenith under tbe lawgiver and Christian king Gundobad (474–516), who promulgated a written code of laws, tbe Lex Gundobada, for tbe Burgundians and a separate code, tbe Lex Romana Burgundionum, for his Gallo-Roman subjects. This Burgundy remained independent until 534, when tbe [[Franks]] occupied tbe kingdom, extinguishing tbe royal dynasty. With tbe death of tbe Frankish king Clotar I in 561, however, tbe Frankish kingdom was partitioned among members of tbe [[Merovingian dynasty]], and one of Clotar’s sons, Guntram, secured tbe regnum Burgundiae, or kingdom of Burgundy. This kingdom eventually included not only all tbe former Burgundian lands but also tbe diocese of Arles in Provence, tbe Val d’Aosta east of tbe Alps, and even extensive territory in north-central [[Francia]]. It remained a separate Merovingian kingdom until Charles Martel, tbe grandfather of [[Charlemagne]], subjugated it to Frankish Austrasia early in tbe 8th century. The [[Carolingians]] made several partitions of Burgundy before Boso, ruler of tbe Viennois, had himself proclaimed king of all Burgundy from Autun to tbe Mediterranean Sea in 879. The French Carolingians later recovered tbe country west of tbe Saône and north of Lyons from him, and tbe German Carolingians recovered Jurane, or Upper, Burgundy (i.e., Transjurane Burgundy, or tbe country between tbe Jura and tbe Alps, together with Cisjurane Burgundy, or Franche-Comté). Boso and his successors, however, were able to maintain themselves in tbe kingdom of Provence, or Lower Burgundy, until about 933. In 888 Rudolf I (died 912) of tbe German Welf family was recognized as king of Jurane Burgundy, including much of what is now Switzerland. His son and successor, Rudolf II, was able to conclude a treaty about 931 with Hugh of Provence, successor of Boso’s son Louis tbe Blind, whereby he extended his rule over tbe entire regnum Burgundiae except tbe areas west of tbe Saône. This union of Upper and Lower Burgundy was bequeathed in 1032 to tbe German king and emperor Conrad II and became known from tbe 13th century as tbe kingdom of Arles—the name Burgundy being increasingly reserved for tbe county of Burgundy (Cisjurane Burgundy) and for tbe duchy of Burgundy. The duchy of Burgundy was that part of tbe regnum Burgundiae west of tbe Saône River; it was recovered from Boso by tbe French Carolingians and remained a part of tbe kingdom of France. Boso’s brother Richard, count of Autun, organized tbe greater part of tbe territory under his own authority. His son Rudolph (Raoul), who succeeded him in 921, was elected king of Francia in 923. On Rudolph’s death in 936 tbe Carolingian king Louis IV and Hugh tbe Great, duke of tbe Franks, detached Sens, Troyes, and (temporarily) Langres from Burgundy. [...] After tbe death of Charles tbe Bold in 1477, his heiress, Mary of Burgundy, married tbe Austrian archduke Maximilian of Habsburg (later tbe Holy Roman emperor), thus disappointing French hopes that she would marry Louis XI’s son Charles, tbe future Charles VIII of France. The Treaty of Arras (1482), however, ceded Franche-Comté to Charles on his betrothal to Mary’s daughter Margaret of Austria. When he broke this engagement, he had to cede Franche-Comté to Austria by tbe Treaty of Senlis in 1493. For tbe next 185 years Franche-Comté was a possession of tbe Habsburgs. By tbe Treaty of Saint-Jean-de-Losne (1522) with France, tbe neutrality of tbe county was ensured during tbe wars between tbe [[Habsburgs]] and tbe last French kings of tbe Valois line. Its enduring prosperity, enhanced by industrial development, can be judged by tbe splendid Renaissance architecture of its towns. Civil disturbances, however, came with tbe Reformation, when bands of [[Protestants]] entered tbe mainly [[Roman Catholic]] county from Germany and Switzerland. Franche-Comté passed to tbe Spanish Habsburgs through tbe emperor Charles V’s partition of his dominions in 1556. Under Philip II of Spain a forceful repression of Protestants took place, and Henry IV of France, in his war with Philip, violated Franche-Comté’s neutrality. From 1598 to 1635 peace was maintained, but French fear of Habsburg encirclement led Louis XIII to attempt to annex tbe county. He invaded and ravaged tbe area annually from 1636 to 1639, but tbe Peace of Westphalia (1648) confirmed Habsburg control.''<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/place/Burgundy Encyclopedia Britannica: Burgundy: History]</ref>
	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist\|2}}		{{reflist\|2}}

𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗹: Text replacement - "Category:Franks" to ""

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	~~[[Category:Franks]]~~

	[[Category:history]]		[[Category:history]]
	[[Category:European history]]		[[Category:European history]]
	[[Category:France]]		[[Category:France]]

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	~~[[Category:Germanic peoples]]~~
	[[Category:Franks]]		[[Category:Franks]]
	~~[[Category:Germania]]~~
	[[Category:history]]		[[Category:history]]
	[[Category:European history]]		[[Category:European history]]
	[[Category:France]]		[[Category:France]]

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	[[Category:Germania]]		[[Category:Germania]]
	[[Category:~~German~~ history]]		[[Category:history]]
	[[Category:European history]]		[[Category:European history]]
	[[Category:France]]		[[Category:France]]

𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗹: Text replacement - "{{reflist}}" to "{{reflist|2}}"

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	: ''As [[Rome]]’s hold over the Western Empire declined in the second half of the 5th century, the Burgundians gradually spread their control over areas to the north and west of Savoy and then throughout the Rhône and Saône river valleys. This second Burgundian kingdom reached its zenith under the lawgiver and Christian king Gundobad (474–516), who promulgated a written code of laws, the Lex Gundobada, for the Burgundians and a separate code, the Lex Romana Burgundionum, for his Gallo-Roman subjects. This Burgundy remained independent until 534, when the [[Franks]] occupied the kingdom, extinguishing the royal dynasty. With the death of the Frankish king Clotar I in 561, however, the Frankish kingdom was partitioned among members of the [[Merovingian dynasty]], and one of Clotar’s sons, Guntram, secured the regnum Burgundiae, or kingdom of Burgundy. This kingdom eventually included not only all the former Burgundian lands but also the diocese of Arles in Provence, the Val d’Aosta east of the Alps, and even extensive territory in north-central [[Francia]]. It remained a separate Merovingian kingdom until Charles Martel, the grandfather of [[Charlemagne]], subjugated it to Frankish Austrasia early in the 8th century. The [[Carolingians]] made several partitions of Burgundy before Boso, ruler of the Viennois, had himself proclaimed king of all Burgundy from Autun to the Mediterranean Sea in 879. The French Carolingians later recovered the country west of the Saône and north of Lyons from him, and the German Carolingians recovered Jurane, or Upper, Burgundy (i.e., Transjurane Burgundy, or the country between the Jura and the Alps, together with Cisjurane Burgundy, or Franche-Comté). Boso and his successors, however, were able to maintain themselves in the kingdom of Provence, or Lower Burgundy, until about 933. In 888 Rudolf I (died 912) of the German Welf family was recognized as king of Jurane Burgundy, including much of what is now Switzerland. His son and successor, Rudolf II, was able to conclude a treaty about 931 with Hugh of Provence, successor of Boso’s son Louis the Blind, whereby he extended his rule over the entire regnum Burgundiae except the areas west of the Saône. This union of Upper and Lower Burgundy was bequeathed in 1032 to the German king and emperor Conrad II and became known from the 13th century as the kingdom of Arles—the name Burgundy being increasingly reserved for the county of Burgundy (Cisjurane Burgundy) and for the duchy of Burgundy. The duchy of Burgundy was that part of the regnum Burgundiae west of the Saône River; it was recovered from Boso by the French Carolingians and remained a part of the kingdom of France. Boso’s brother Richard, count of Autun, organized the greater part of the territory under his own authority. His son Rudolph (Raoul), who succeeded him in 921, was elected king of Francia in 923. On Rudolph’s death in 936 the Carolingian king Louis IV and Hugh the Great, duke of the Franks, detached Sens, Troyes, and (temporarily) Langres from Burgundy. [...] After the death of Charles the Bold in 1477, his heiress, Mary of Burgundy, married the Austrian archduke Maximilian of Habsburg (later the Holy Roman emperor), thus disappointing French hopes that she would marry Louis XI’s son Charles, the future Charles VIII of France. The Treaty of Arras (1482), however, ceded Franche-Comté to Charles on his betrothal to Mary’s daughter Margaret of Austria. When he broke this engagement, he had to cede Franche-Comté to Austria by the Treaty of Senlis in 1493. For the next 185 years Franche-Comté was a possession of the Habsburgs. By the Treaty of Saint-Jean-de-Losne (1522) with France, the neutrality of the county was ensured during the wars between the [[Habsburgs]] and the last French kings of the Valois line. Its enduring prosperity, enhanced by industrial development, can be judged by the splendid Renaissance architecture of its towns. Civil disturbances, however, came with the Reformation, when bands of [[Protestants]] entered the mainly [[Roman Catholic]] county from Germany and Switzerland. Franche-Comté passed to the Spanish Habsburgs through the emperor Charles V’s partition of his dominions in 1556. Under Philip II of Spain a forceful repression of Protestants took place, and Henry IV of France, in his war with Philip, violated Franche-Comté’s neutrality. From 1598 to 1635 peace was maintained, but French fear of Habsburg encirclement led Louis XIII to attempt to annex the county. He invaded and ravaged the area annually from 1636 to 1639, but the Peace of Westphalia (1648) confirmed Habsburg control.''<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/place/Burgundy Encyclopedia Britannica: Burgundy: History]</ref>		: ''As [[Rome]]’s hold over the Western Empire declined in the second half of the 5th century, the Burgundians gradually spread their control over areas to the north and west of Savoy and then throughout the Rhône and Saône river valleys. This second Burgundian kingdom reached its zenith under the lawgiver and Christian king Gundobad (474–516), who promulgated a written code of laws, the Lex Gundobada, for the Burgundians and a separate code, the Lex Romana Burgundionum, for his Gallo-Roman subjects. This Burgundy remained independent until 534, when the [[Franks]] occupied the kingdom, extinguishing the royal dynasty. With the death of the Frankish king Clotar I in 561, however, the Frankish kingdom was partitioned among members of the [[Merovingian dynasty]], and one of Clotar’s sons, Guntram, secured the regnum Burgundiae, or kingdom of Burgundy. This kingdom eventually included not only all the former Burgundian lands but also the diocese of Arles in Provence, the Val d’Aosta east of the Alps, and even extensive territory in north-central [[Francia]]. It remained a separate Merovingian kingdom until Charles Martel, the grandfather of [[Charlemagne]], subjugated it to Frankish Austrasia early in the 8th century. The [[Carolingians]] made several partitions of Burgundy before Boso, ruler of the Viennois, had himself proclaimed king of all Burgundy from Autun to the Mediterranean Sea in 879. The French Carolingians later recovered the country west of the Saône and north of Lyons from him, and the German Carolingians recovered Jurane, or Upper, Burgundy (i.e., Transjurane Burgundy, or the country between the Jura and the Alps, together with Cisjurane Burgundy, or Franche-Comté). Boso and his successors, however, were able to maintain themselves in the kingdom of Provence, or Lower Burgundy, until about 933. In 888 Rudolf I (died 912) of the German Welf family was recognized as king of Jurane Burgundy, including much of what is now Switzerland. His son and successor, Rudolf II, was able to conclude a treaty about 931 with Hugh of Provence, successor of Boso’s son Louis the Blind, whereby he extended his rule over the entire regnum Burgundiae except the areas west of the Saône. This union of Upper and Lower Burgundy was bequeathed in 1032 to the German king and emperor Conrad II and became known from the 13th century as the kingdom of Arles—the name Burgundy being increasingly reserved for the county of Burgundy (Cisjurane Burgundy) and for the duchy of Burgundy. The duchy of Burgundy was that part of the regnum Burgundiae west of the Saône River; it was recovered from Boso by the French Carolingians and remained a part of the kingdom of France. Boso’s brother Richard, count of Autun, organized the greater part of the territory under his own authority. His son Rudolph (Raoul), who succeeded him in 921, was elected king of Francia in 923. On Rudolph’s death in 936 the Carolingian king Louis IV and Hugh the Great, duke of the Franks, detached Sens, Troyes, and (temporarily) Langres from Burgundy. [...] After the death of Charles the Bold in 1477, his heiress, Mary of Burgundy, married the Austrian archduke Maximilian of Habsburg (later the Holy Roman emperor), thus disappointing French hopes that she would marry Louis XI’s son Charles, the future Charles VIII of France. The Treaty of Arras (1482), however, ceded Franche-Comté to Charles on his betrothal to Mary’s daughter Margaret of Austria. When he broke this engagement, he had to cede Franche-Comté to Austria by the Treaty of Senlis in 1493. For the next 185 years Franche-Comté was a possession of the Habsburgs. By the Treaty of Saint-Jean-de-Losne (1522) with France, the neutrality of the county was ensured during the wars between the [[Habsburgs]] and the last French kings of the Valois line. Its enduring prosperity, enhanced by industrial development, can be judged by the splendid Renaissance architecture of its towns. Civil disturbances, however, came with the Reformation, when bands of [[Protestants]] entered the mainly [[Roman Catholic]] county from Germany and Switzerland. Franche-Comté passed to the Spanish Habsburgs through the emperor Charles V’s partition of his dominions in 1556. Under Philip II of Spain a forceful repression of Protestants took place, and Henry IV of France, in his war with Philip, violated Franche-Comté’s neutrality. From 1598 to 1635 peace was maintained, but French fear of Habsburg encirclement led Louis XIII to attempt to annex the county. He invaded and ravaged the area annually from 1636 to 1639, but the Peace of Westphalia (1648) confirmed Habsburg control.''<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/place/Burgundy Encyclopedia Britannica: Burgundy: History]</ref>
	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist\|2}}

	[[Category:Germanic peoples]]		[[Category:Germanic peoples]]

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[[File:Das Reich der germanischen Goten unter Theoderich dem Großen um 523 nach der Zeitrechnung.gif|thumb|350px|The Empire of the [[Goths]] under [[Theoderic the Great]] around 523 A.D. after Rome had been conquered by [[Germanic tribes]] ({{lang-de|[https://de.metapedia.org/wiki/Eroberung_Roms_(Germanen) Eroberung Roms]}})]]
The '''Burgundians''' ({{lang-de|Burgunden or Burgunder}}) were a [[Germanic people]] who established a kingdom in the general region of what is today Burgundy. It was conquered by the [[Franks]] in 534.

==History==
: ''As [[Rome]]’s hold over the Western Empire declined in the second half of the 5th century, the Burgundians gradually spread their control over areas to the north and west of Savoy and then throughout the Rhône and Saône river valleys. This second Burgundian kingdom reached its zenith under the lawgiver and Christian king Gundobad (474–516), who promulgated a written code of laws, the Lex Gundobada, for the Burgundians and a separate code, the Lex Romana Burgundionum, for his Gallo-Roman subjects. This Burgundy remained independent until 534, when the [[Franks]] occupied the kingdom, extinguishing the royal dynasty. With the death of the Frankish king Clotar I in 561, however, the Frankish kingdom was partitioned among members of the [[Merovingian dynasty]], and one of Clotar’s sons, Guntram, secured the regnum Burgundiae, or kingdom of Burgundy. This kingdom eventually included not only all the former Burgundian lands but also the diocese of Arles in Provence, the Val d’Aosta east of the Alps, and even extensive territory in north-central [[Francia]]. It remained a separate Merovingian kingdom until Charles Martel, the grandfather of [[Charlemagne]], subjugated it to Frankish Austrasia early in the 8th century. The [[Carolingians]] made several partitions of Burgundy before Boso, ruler of the Viennois, had himself proclaimed king of all Burgundy from Autun to the Mediterranean Sea in 879. The French Carolingians later recovered the country west of the Saône and north of Lyons from him, and the German Carolingians recovered Jurane, or Upper, Burgundy (i.e., Transjurane Burgundy, or the country between the Jura and the Alps, together with Cisjurane Burgundy, or Franche-Comté). Boso and his successors, however, were able to maintain themselves in the kingdom of Provence, or Lower Burgundy, until about 933. In 888 Rudolf I (died 912) of the German Welf family was recognized as king of Jurane Burgundy, including much of what is now Switzerland. His son and successor, Rudolf II, was able to conclude a treaty about 931 with Hugh of Provence, successor of Boso’s son Louis the Blind, whereby he extended his rule over the entire regnum Burgundiae except the areas west of the Saône. This union of Upper and Lower Burgundy was bequeathed in 1032 to the German king and emperor Conrad II and became known from the 13th century as the kingdom of Arles—the name Burgundy being increasingly reserved for the county of Burgundy (Cisjurane Burgundy) and for the duchy of Burgundy. The duchy of Burgundy was that part of the regnum Burgundiae west of the Saône River; it was recovered from Boso by the French Carolingians and remained a part of the kingdom of France. Boso’s brother Richard, count of Autun, organized the greater part of the territory under his own authority. His son Rudolph (Raoul), who succeeded him in 921, was elected king of Francia in 923. On Rudolph’s death in 936 the Carolingian king Louis IV and Hugh the Great, duke of the Franks, detached Sens, Troyes, and (temporarily) Langres from Burgundy. [...] After the death of Charles the Bold in 1477, his heiress, Mary of Burgundy, married the Austrian archduke Maximilian of Habsburg (later the Holy Roman emperor), thus disappointing French hopes that she would marry Louis XI’s son Charles, the future Charles VIII of France. The Treaty of Arras (1482), however, ceded Franche-Comté to Charles on his betrothal to Mary’s daughter Margaret of Austria. When he broke this engagement, he had to cede Franche-Comté to Austria by the Treaty of Senlis in 1493. For the next 185 years Franche-Comté was a possession of the Habsburgs. By the Treaty of Saint-Jean-de-Losne (1522) with France, the neutrality of the county was ensured during the wars between the [[Habsburgs]] and the last French kings of the Valois line. Its enduring prosperity, enhanced by industrial development, can be judged by the splendid Renaissance architecture of its towns. Civil disturbances, however, came with the Reformation, when bands of [[Protestants]] entered the mainly [[Roman Catholic]] county from Germany and Switzerland. Franche-Comté passed to the Spanish Habsburgs through the emperor Charles V’s partition of his dominions in 1556. Under Philip II of Spain a forceful repression of Protestants took place, and Henry IV of France, in his war with Philip, violated Franche-Comté’s neutrality. From 1598 to 1635 peace was maintained, but French fear of Habsburg encirclement led Louis XIII to attempt to annex the county. He invaded and ravaged the area annually from 1636 to 1639, but the Peace of Westphalia (1648) confirmed Habsburg control.''<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/place/Burgundy Encyclopedia Britannica: Burgundy: History]</ref>
==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Germanic peoples]]
[[Category:Franks]]
[[Category:Germania]]
[[Category:German history]]
[[Category:European history]]
[[Category:France]]