Cracow - Revision history

Bacchus: Text replacement - "tbe " to "the "

2024-04-28T23:32:22Z

Text replacement - "tbe " to "the "

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:32, 28 April 2024
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	'''Cracow''' (Polish: '''Kraków''', German: '''Krakau''') is ~~tbe~~ second-largest city in [[Poland]] of which it was once (1320-1610) ~~tbe~~ capital. It is situated 705 feet above sea level in an extensive plain at ~~tbe~~ confluence of ~~tbe~~ Rudowa and ~~tbe~~ Vistula rivers. In 1905 its population was 91,300 (one quarter of whom were jews) including ~~tbe~~ garrison of 6000 men.<ref>Baedeker, Karl, ''Austria-Hungary'', Leipzig & London, 1905, p.277.</ref> By 1935 its population had risen to 221,300<ref>Odhams Press Ltd., ''The New Pictorial Atlas of ~~tbe~~ World with Gazetteer'', London, 1935,p.246.</ref> and by 2022 stood at over 760,000.<ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/world-cities/krakow-population</ref>		'''Cracow''' (Polish: '''Kraków''', German: '''Krakau''') is the second-largest city in [[Poland]] of which it was once (1320-1610) the capital. It is situated 705 feet above sea level in an extensive plain at the confluence of the Rudowa and the Vistula rivers. In 1905 its population was 91,300 (one quarter of whom were jews) including the garrison of 6000 men.<ref>Baedeker, Karl, ''Austria-Hungary'', Leipzig & London, 1905, p.277.</ref> By 1935 its population had risen to 221,300<ref>Odhams Press Ltd., ''The New Pictorial Atlas of the World with Gazetteer'', London, 1935,p.246.</ref> and by 2022 stood at over 760,000.<ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/world-cities/krakow-population</ref>

	Cracow was originally inhabited by ~~tbe~~ Slavic Wislanie tribe (Vistulans) who occupied what was later known as Little Poland until ~~tbe~~ 10th century when they were conquered by ~~tbe~~ Poles who annexed Cracow and its hinterland in 999. It was an important episcopal seat as early as ~~tbe~~ 11th century. The town was destroyed by ~~tbe~~ [[Tartars]] in 1241, but was rebuilt by German colonists in 1257 when it received "Magdeburg Rights", which consisted of a Municipal Constitution. In 1320 it was chosen by King Władysław I Łokietek as a coronation town and residence of ~~tbe~~ kings of Poland. The favourable position of ~~tbe~~ town, its adhesion to ~~tbe~~ [[Hanseatic League]], and ~~tbe~~ foundation of ~~tbe~~ Jagellonian University by King Casimir 'The Great' in 1364, all contributed to ~~tbe~~ progress of Cracow, which reached ~~tbe~~ zenith of its prosperity in ~~tbe~~ 16th century. The period of decline began with ~~tbe~~ transference of ~~tbe~~ royal residence to [[Warsaw]] in 1610, and ~~tbe~~ Swedish wars of ~~tbe~~ 17th century, but until 1734 ~~tbe~~ Polish kings continued to be crowned and buried at Cracow.<ref>Baedeker, 1905, p.277.</ref>		Cracow was originally inhabited by the Slavic Wislanie tribe (Vistulans) who occupied what was later known as Little Poland until the 10th century when they were conquered by the Poles who annexed Cracow and its hinterland in 999. It was an important episcopal seat as early as the 11th century. The town was destroyed by the [[Tartars]] in 1241, but was rebuilt by German colonists in 1257 when it received "Magdeburg Rights", which consisted of a Municipal Constitution. In 1320 it was chosen by King Władysław I Łokietek as a coronation town and residence of the kings of Poland. The favourable position of the town, its adhesion to the [[Hanseatic League]], and the foundation of the Jagellonian University by King Casimir 'The Great' in 1364, all contributed to the progress of Cracow, which reached the zenith of its prosperity in the 16th century. The period of decline began with the transference of the royal residence to [[Warsaw]] in 1610, and the Swedish wars of the 17th century, but until 1734 the Polish kings continued to be crowned and buried at Cracow.<ref>Baedeker, 1905, p.277.</ref>

	In ~~tbe~~ final partition of Poland in 1795 Cracow fell to [[Austria]]. In 1815 it became ~~tbe~~ capital of a small state, under ~~tbe~~ 'protection' of ~~tbe~~ three adjoining empires, but it was again annexed by Austria after ~~tbe~~ insurrection of 1846. Despite becoming part of Austrian [[Galicia]] until 1919, and ~~tbe~~ industry of ~~tbe~~ Austrians in transforming ~~tbe~~ place into a modern city, with railways and fine buildings, etc., Cracow never lost its thoroughly Polish character.		In the final partition of Poland in 1795 Cracow fell to [[Austria]]. In 1815 it became the capital of a small state, under the 'protection' of the three adjoining empires, but it was again annexed by Austria after the insurrection of 1846. Despite becoming part of Austrian [[Galicia]] until 1919, and the industry of the Austrians in transforming the place into a modern city, with railways and fine buildings, etc., Cracow never lost its thoroughly Polish character.

	Cracow contains many splendid buildings including St. Mary's church, a [[Gothic]] basilica founded in 1223 (much altered); ~~tbe~~ Tuchhaus (Polish: ''Sukiennice'') or cloth hall which dates from ~~tbe~~ 14th century (altered by Mosca of Padua in ~~tbe~~ 16th century and largely rebuilt in 1876-79); ~~tbe~~ Dominican Church, a Gothic structure of ~~tbe~~ 13th to 16th centuries; ~~tbe~~ Franciscan Church, 13th century (rebuilt in 1850); ~~tbe~~ castle or palace on Wawel hill at ~~tbe~~ south-west of ~~tbe~~ old town, founded in ~~tbe~~ 14th century by Władysław Łokietek and subsequently restored and added to; ~~tbe~~ Gothic Cathedral on ~~tbe~~ west side, erected in 1320-64 on ~~tbe~~ site of an earlier church, of which only ~~tbe~~ crypt remains, and consecrated in 1359 - ~~tbe~~ burial-place of ~~tbe~~ Polish kings and heroes. In ~~tbe~~ first five years of ~~tbe~~ 20th century ~~tbe~~ cathedral was thoroughly restored and has impressive interiors. The New University, a Gothic edifice designed by Ksiezarski, was built between 1881-87 by ~~tbe~~ Austrian authorities and has much within of interest. The Czartoryski Museum in Pisarska Street was known for its arts and antiquities. The [[Austria\|Habsburg]] railway station is still in use today.		Cracow contains many splendid buildings including St. Mary's church, a [[Gothic]] basilica founded in 1223 (much altered); the Tuchhaus (Polish: ''Sukiennice'') or cloth hall which dates from the 14th century (altered by Mosca of Padua in the 16th century and largely rebuilt in 1876-79); the Dominican Church, a Gothic structure of the 13th to 16th centuries; the Franciscan Church, 13th century (rebuilt in 1850); the castle or palace on Wawel hill at the south-west of the old town, founded in the 14th century by Władysław Łokietek and subsequently restored and added to; the Gothic Cathedral on the west side, erected in 1320-64 on the site of an earlier church, of which only the crypt remains, and consecrated in 1359 - the burial-place of the Polish kings and heroes. In the first five years of the 20th century the cathedral was thoroughly restored and has impressive interiors. The New University, a Gothic edifice designed by Ksiezarski, was built between 1881-87 by the Austrian authorities and has much within of interest. The Czartoryski Museum in Pisarska Street was known for its arts and antiquities. The [[Austria\|Habsburg]] railway station is still in use today.

	During [[World War II]] Cracow was part of ~~tbe~~ occupied [[General Government]] region, ~~tbe~~ Governor, a German lawyer, [[Hans Frank]], making his headquarters and residence in ~~tbe~~ palace. The city was virtually undamaged.		During [[World War II]] Cracow was part of the occupied [[General Government]] region, the Governor, a German lawyer, [[Hans Frank]], making his headquarters and residence in the palace. The city was virtually undamaged.

	Following WWII [[Poland]] was occupied by ~~tbe~~ [[Soviet Union]] who established a [[Communist]] puppet state. During this period, which ended in 1990, Cracow's hinterland was heavily industrialised.		Following WWII [[Poland]] was occupied by the [[Soviet Union]] who established a [[Communist]] puppet state. During this period, which ended in 1990, Cracow's hinterland was heavily industrialised.

	==Sources==		==Sources==

Bacchus: Text replacement - " the " to " tbe "

2024-04-26T18:28:08Z

Text replacement - " the " to " tbe "

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:28, 26 April 2024
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	'''Cracow''' (Polish: '''Kraków''', German: '''Krakau''') is ~~the~~ second-largest city in [[Poland]] of which it was once (1320-1610) ~~the~~ capital. It is situated 705 feet above sea level in an extensive plain at ~~the~~ confluence of ~~the~~ Rudowa and ~~the~~ Vistula rivers. In 1905 its population was 91,300 (one quarter of whom were jews) including ~~the~~ garrison of 6000 men.<ref>Baedeker, Karl, ''Austria-Hungary'', Leipzig & London, 1905, p.277.</ref> By 1935 its population had risen to 221,300<ref>Odhams Press Ltd., ''The New Pictorial Atlas of ~~the~~ World with Gazetteer'', London, 1935,p.246.</ref> and by 2022 stood at over 760,000.<ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/world-cities/krakow-population</ref>		'''Cracow''' (Polish: '''Kraków''', German: '''Krakau''') is tbe second-largest city in [[Poland]] of which it was once (1320-1610) tbe capital. It is situated 705 feet above sea level in an extensive plain at tbe confluence of tbe Rudowa and tbe Vistula rivers. In 1905 its population was 91,300 (one quarter of whom were jews) including tbe garrison of 6000 men.<ref>Baedeker, Karl, ''Austria-Hungary'', Leipzig & London, 1905, p.277.</ref> By 1935 its population had risen to 221,300<ref>Odhams Press Ltd., ''The New Pictorial Atlas of tbe World with Gazetteer'', London, 1935,p.246.</ref> and by 2022 stood at over 760,000.<ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/world-cities/krakow-population</ref>

	Cracow was originally inhabited by ~~the~~ Slavic Wislanie tribe (Vistulans) who occupied what was later known as Little Poland until ~~the~~ 10th century when they were conquered by ~~the~~ Poles who annexed Cracow and its hinterland in 999. It was an important episcopal seat as early as ~~the~~ 11th century. The town was destroyed by ~~the~~ [[Tartars]] in 1241, but was rebuilt by German colonists in 1257 when it received "Magdeburg Rights", which consisted of a Municipal Constitution. In 1320 it was chosen by King Władysław I Łokietek as a coronation town and residence of ~~the~~ kings of Poland. The favourable position of ~~the~~ town, its adhesion to ~~the~~ [[Hanseatic League]], and ~~the~~ foundation of ~~the~~ Jagellonian University by King Casimir 'The Great' in 1364, all contributed to ~~the~~ progress of Cracow, which reached ~~the~~ zenith of its prosperity in ~~the~~ 16th century. The period of decline began with ~~the~~ transference of ~~the~~ royal residence to [[Warsaw]] in 1610, and ~~the~~ Swedish wars of ~~the~~ 17th century, but until 1734 ~~the~~ Polish kings continued to be crowned and buried at Cracow.<ref>Baedeker, 1905, p.277.</ref>		Cracow was originally inhabited by tbe Slavic Wislanie tribe (Vistulans) who occupied what was later known as Little Poland until tbe 10th century when they were conquered by tbe Poles who annexed Cracow and its hinterland in 999. It was an important episcopal seat as early as tbe 11th century. The town was destroyed by tbe [[Tartars]] in 1241, but was rebuilt by German colonists in 1257 when it received "Magdeburg Rights", which consisted of a Municipal Constitution. In 1320 it was chosen by King Władysław I Łokietek as a coronation town and residence of tbe kings of Poland. The favourable position of tbe town, its adhesion to tbe [[Hanseatic League]], and tbe foundation of tbe Jagellonian University by King Casimir 'The Great' in 1364, all contributed to tbe progress of Cracow, which reached tbe zenith of its prosperity in tbe 16th century. The period of decline began with tbe transference of tbe royal residence to [[Warsaw]] in 1610, and tbe Swedish wars of tbe 17th century, but until 1734 tbe Polish kings continued to be crowned and buried at Cracow.<ref>Baedeker, 1905, p.277.</ref>

	In ~~the~~ final partition of Poland in 1795 Cracow fell to [[Austria]]. In 1815 it became ~~the~~ capital of a small state, under ~~the~~ 'protection' of ~~the~~ three adjoining empires, but it was again annexed by Austria after ~~the~~ insurrection of 1846. Despite becoming part of Austrian [[Galicia]] until 1919, and ~~the~~ industry of ~~the~~ Austrians in transforming ~~the~~ place into a modern city, with railways and fine buildings, etc., Cracow never lost its thoroughly Polish character.		In tbe final partition of Poland in 1795 Cracow fell to [[Austria]]. In 1815 it became tbe capital of a small state, under tbe 'protection' of tbe three adjoining empires, but it was again annexed by Austria after tbe insurrection of 1846. Despite becoming part of Austrian [[Galicia]] until 1919, and tbe industry of tbe Austrians in transforming tbe place into a modern city, with railways and fine buildings, etc., Cracow never lost its thoroughly Polish character.

	Cracow contains many splendid buildings including St. Mary's church, a [[Gothic]] basilica founded in 1223 (much altered); ~~the~~ Tuchhaus (Polish: ''Sukiennice'') or cloth hall which dates from ~~the~~ 14th century (altered by Mosca of Padua in ~~the~~ 16th century and largely rebuilt in 1876-79); ~~the~~ Dominican Church, a Gothic structure of ~~the~~ 13th to 16th centuries; ~~the~~ Franciscan Church, 13th century (rebuilt in 1850); ~~the~~ castle or palace on Wawel hill at ~~the~~ south-west of ~~the~~ old town, founded in ~~the~~ 14th century by Władysław Łokietek and subsequently restored and added to; ~~the~~ Gothic Cathedral on ~~the~~ west side, erected in 1320-64 on ~~the~~ site of an earlier church, of which only ~~the~~ crypt remains, and consecrated in 1359 - ~~the~~ burial-place of ~~the~~ Polish kings and heroes. In ~~the~~ first five years of ~~the~~ 20th century ~~the~~ cathedral was thoroughly restored and has impressive interiors. The New University, a Gothic edifice designed by Ksiezarski, was built between 1881-87 by ~~the~~ Austrian authorities and has much within of interest. The Czartoryski Museum in Pisarska Street was known for its arts and antiquities. The [[Austria\|Habsburg]] railway station is still in use today.		Cracow contains many splendid buildings including St. Mary's church, a [[Gothic]] basilica founded in 1223 (much altered); tbe Tuchhaus (Polish: ''Sukiennice'') or cloth hall which dates from tbe 14th century (altered by Mosca of Padua in tbe 16th century and largely rebuilt in 1876-79); tbe Dominican Church, a Gothic structure of tbe 13th to 16th centuries; tbe Franciscan Church, 13th century (rebuilt in 1850); tbe castle or palace on Wawel hill at tbe south-west of tbe old town, founded in tbe 14th century by Władysław Łokietek and subsequently restored and added to; tbe Gothic Cathedral on tbe west side, erected in 1320-64 on tbe site of an earlier church, of which only tbe crypt remains, and consecrated in 1359 - tbe burial-place of tbe Polish kings and heroes. In tbe first five years of tbe 20th century tbe cathedral was thoroughly restored and has impressive interiors. The New University, a Gothic edifice designed by Ksiezarski, was built between 1881-87 by tbe Austrian authorities and has much within of interest. The Czartoryski Museum in Pisarska Street was known for its arts and antiquities. The [[Austria\|Habsburg]] railway station is still in use today.

	During [[World War II]] Cracow was part of ~~the~~ occupied [[General Government]] region, ~~the~~ Governor, a German lawyer, [[Hans Frank]], making his headquarters and residence in ~~the~~ palace. The city was virtually undamaged.		During [[World War II]] Cracow was part of tbe occupied [[General Government]] region, tbe Governor, a German lawyer, [[Hans Frank]], making his headquarters and residence in tbe palace. The city was virtually undamaged.

	Following WWII [[Poland]] was occupied by ~~the~~ [[Soviet Union]] who established a [[Communist]] puppet state. During this period, which ended in 1990, Cracow's hinterland was heavily industrialised.		Following WWII [[Poland]] was occupied by tbe [[Soviet Union]] who established a [[Communist]] puppet state. During this period, which ended in 1990, Cracow's hinterland was heavily industrialised.

	==Sources==		==Sources==

𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗹: Text replacement - "Jew" to "jew"

2024-02-21T00:22:40Z

Text replacement - "Jew" to "jew"

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:22, 20 February 2024
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	'''Cracow''' (Polish: '''Kraków''', German: '''Krakau''') is the second-largest city in [[Poland]] of which it was once (1320-1610) the capital. It is situated 705 feet above sea level in an extensive plain at the confluence of the Rudowa and the Vistula rivers. In 1905 its population was 91,300 (one quarter of whom were ~~Jews~~) including the garrison of 6000 men.<ref>Baedeker, Karl, ''Austria-Hungary'', Leipzig & London, 1905, p.277.</ref> By 1935 its population had risen to 221,300<ref>Odhams Press Ltd., ''The New Pictorial Atlas of the World with Gazetteer'', London, 1935,p.246.</ref> and by 2022 stood at over 760,000.<ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/world-cities/krakow-population</ref>		'''Cracow''' (Polish: '''Kraków''', German: '''Krakau''') is the second-largest city in [[Poland]] of which it was once (1320-1610) the capital. It is situated 705 feet above sea level in an extensive plain at the confluence of the Rudowa and the Vistula rivers. In 1905 its population was 91,300 (one quarter of whom were jews) including the garrison of 6000 men.<ref>Baedeker, Karl, ''Austria-Hungary'', Leipzig & London, 1905, p.277.</ref> By 1935 its population had risen to 221,300<ref>Odhams Press Ltd., ''The New Pictorial Atlas of the World with Gazetteer'', London, 1935,p.246.</ref> and by 2022 stood at over 760,000.<ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/world-cities/krakow-population</ref>

	Cracow was originally inhabited by the Slavic Wislanie tribe (Vistulans) who occupied what was later known as Little Poland until the 10th century when they were conquered by the Poles who annexed Cracow and its hinterland in 999. It was an important episcopal seat as early as the 11th century. The town was destroyed by the [[Tartars]] in 1241, but was rebuilt by German colonists in 1257 when it received "Magdeburg Rights", which consisted of a Municipal Constitution. In 1320 it was chosen by King Władysław I Łokietek as a coronation town and residence of the kings of Poland. The favourable position of the town, its adhesion to the [[Hanseatic League]], and the foundation of the Jagellonian University by King Casimir 'The Great' in 1364, all contributed to the progress of Cracow, which reached the zenith of its prosperity in the 16th century. The period of decline began with the transference of the royal residence to [[Warsaw]] in 1610, and the Swedish wars of the 17th century, but until 1734 the Polish kings continued to be crowned and buried at Cracow.<ref>Baedeker, 1905, p.277.</ref>		Cracow was originally inhabited by the Slavic Wislanie tribe (Vistulans) who occupied what was later known as Little Poland until the 10th century when they were conquered by the Poles who annexed Cracow and its hinterland in 999. It was an important episcopal seat as early as the 11th century. The town was destroyed by the [[Tartars]] in 1241, but was rebuilt by German colonists in 1257 when it received "Magdeburg Rights", which consisted of a Municipal Constitution. In 1320 it was chosen by King Władysław I Łokietek as a coronation town and residence of the kings of Poland. The favourable position of the town, its adhesion to the [[Hanseatic League]], and the foundation of the Jagellonian University by King Casimir 'The Great' in 1364, all contributed to the progress of Cracow, which reached the zenith of its prosperity in the 16th century. The period of decline began with the transference of the royal residence to [[Warsaw]] in 1610, and the Swedish wars of the 17th century, but until 1734 the Polish kings continued to be crowned and buried at Cracow.<ref>Baedeker, 1905, p.277.</ref>

𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗹: Text replacement - "" to "{{Reflist|2}}"

2024-02-13T21:51:27Z

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← Older revision		Revision as of 12:51, 13 February 2024
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	==Sources==		==Sources==
	~~<references/>~~		{{Reflist\|2}}

	[[Category:Poland]]		[[Category:Poland]]

𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗹: 1 revision imported

2024-02-06T21:55:32Z

1 revision imported

← Older revision	Revision as of 12:55, 6 February 2024
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en>Matt58 at 15:35, 18 November 2022

2022-11-18T15:35:42Z

New page

'''Cracow''' (Polish: '''Kraków''', German: '''Krakau''') is the second-largest city in [[Poland]] of which it was once (1320-1610) the capital. It is situated 705 feet above sea level in an extensive plain at the confluence of the Rudowa and the Vistula rivers. In 1905 its population was 91,300 (one quarter of whom were Jews) including the garrison of 6000 men.<ref>Baedeker, Karl, ''Austria-Hungary'', Leipzig & London, 1905, p.277.</ref> By 1935 its population had risen to 221,300<ref>Odhams Press Ltd., ''The New Pictorial Atlas of the World with Gazetteer'', London, 1935,p.246.</ref> and by 2022 stood at over 760,000.<ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/world-cities/krakow-population</ref>

Cracow was originally inhabited by the Slavic Wislanie tribe (Vistulans) who occupied what was later known as Little Poland until the 10th century when they were conquered by the Poles who annexed Cracow and its hinterland in 999. It was an important episcopal seat as early as the 11th century. The town was destroyed by the [[Tartars]] in 1241, but was rebuilt by German colonists in 1257 when it received "Magdeburg Rights", which consisted of a Municipal Constitution. In 1320 it was chosen by King Władysław I Łokietek as a coronation town and residence of the kings of Poland. The favourable position of the town, its adhesion to the [[Hanseatic League]], and the foundation of the Jagellonian University by King Casimir 'The Great' in 1364, all contributed to the progress of Cracow, which reached the zenith of its prosperity in the 16th century. The period of decline began with the transference of the royal residence to [[Warsaw]] in 1610, and the Swedish wars of the 17th century, but until 1734 the Polish kings continued to be crowned and buried at Cracow.<ref>Baedeker, 1905, p.277.</ref>

In the final partition of Poland in 1795 Cracow fell to [[Austria]]. In 1815 it became the capital of a small state, under the 'protection' of the three adjoining empires, but it was again annexed by Austria after the insurrection of 1846. Despite becoming part of Austrian [[Galicia]] until 1919, and the industry of the Austrians in transforming the place into a modern city, with railways and fine buildings, etc., Cracow never lost its thoroughly Polish character.

Cracow contains many splendid buildings including St. Mary's church, a [[Gothic]] basilica founded in 1223 (much altered); the Tuchhaus (Polish: ''Sukiennice'') or cloth hall which dates from the 14th century (altered by Mosca of Padua in the 16th century and largely rebuilt in 1876-79); the Dominican Church, a Gothic structure of the 13th to 16th centuries; the Franciscan Church, 13th century (rebuilt in 1850); the castle or palace on Wawel hill at the south-west of the old town, founded in the 14th century by Władysław Łokietek and subsequently restored and added to; the Gothic Cathedral on the west side, erected in 1320-64 on the site of an earlier church, of which only the crypt remains, and consecrated in 1359 - the burial-place of the Polish kings and heroes. In the first five years of the 20th century the cathedral was thoroughly restored and has impressive interiors. The New University, a Gothic edifice designed by Ksiezarski, was built between 1881-87 by the Austrian authorities and has much within of interest. The Czartoryski Museum in Pisarska Street was known for its arts and antiquities. The [[Austria|Habsburg]] railway station is still in use today.

During [[World War II]] Cracow was part of the occupied [[General Government]] region, the Governor, a German lawyer, [[Hans Frank]], making his headquarters and residence in the palace. The city was virtually undamaged.

Following WWII [[Poland]] was occupied by the [[Soviet Union]] who established a [[Communist]] puppet state. During this period, which ended in 1990, Cracow's hinterland was heavily industrialised.

==Sources==
<references/>

[[Category:Poland]]
[[Category:Austria]]
[[Category:European history]]
[[Category:Cities]]