Cratylism - Revision history

Bacchus: Text replacement - "tbe " to "the "

2024-04-29T00:28:55Z

Text replacement - "tbe " to "the "

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:28, 28 April 2024
Line 1:		Line 1:
	'''Cratylism''' as a philosophical [[Theory]] reflects ~~tbe~~ teachings of ~~tbe~~ AThenian [[Cratylus]] (also transliterated as Kratylos), fl. mid to late 5th century BC.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book\|title=The Scissors of Meter: Grammetrics and Reading\|last=Wesling\|first=Donald\|publisher=University of Michigan Press\|year=1999\|isbn=0472107151\|location=Ann Arbor\|pages=[https://archive.org/details/scissorsofmeterg0000wesl/page/66 66]\|url-access=registration\|url=https://archive.org/details/scissorsofmeterg0000wesl/page/66}}</ref> Cratylism holds that There is a natural relationship between words and what words designate.<ref>journal\|last=Attardo\|first=Salvatore\|date=2002\|title=Translation and Humour: An Approach Based on ~~tbe~~ General Theory of Verbal Humour (GTVH)\|url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13556509.2002.10799131\|journal=The Translator\|language=en\|volume=8\|issue=2\|pages=173–194\|doi=10.1080/13556509.2002.10799131\|s2cid=142611273 \|issn=1355-6509</ref>		'''Cratylism''' as a philosophical [[Theory]] reflects the teachings of the AThenian [[Cratylus]] (also transliterated as Kratylos), fl. mid to late 5th century BC.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book\|title=The Scissors of Meter: Grammetrics and Reading\|last=Wesling\|first=Donald\|publisher=University of Michigan Press\|year=1999\|isbn=0472107151\|location=Ann Arbor\|pages=[https://archive.org/details/scissorsofmeterg0000wesl/page/66 66]\|url-access=registration\|url=https://archive.org/details/scissorsofmeterg0000wesl/page/66}}</ref> Cratylism holds that There is a natural relationship between words and what words designate.<ref>journal\|last=Attardo\|first=Salvatore\|date=2002\|title=Translation and Humour: An Approach Based on the General Theory of Verbal Humour (GTVH)\|url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13556509.2002.10799131\|journal=The Translator\|language=en\|volume=8\|issue=2\|pages=173–194\|doi=10.1080/13556509.2002.10799131\|s2cid=142611273 \|issn=1355-6509</ref>
	Cratylus is more popularly known as [[Socrates]]' antagonist in [[Plato]]'s dialogue ''Cratylus''.<ref name=":0" />		Cratylus is more popularly known as [[Socrates]]' antagonist in [[Plato]]'s dialogue ''Cratylus''.<ref name=":0" />

	Cratylism is distinguished from linguisticiy by ~~tbe~~ problematic status of style: in a natural language, where a perfect connection is found between word and things, variations of style are no longer conceivable.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Language and ~~tbe~~ Renewal of Society in Walt Whitman, Laura (Riding) Jackson, and Charles Olson: ~~tbe~~ American Cratylus\|last=Billitteri\|first=Carla\|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan\|year=2009\|isbn=9781349375240\|location=New York\|pages=7}}</ref>		Cratylism is distinguished from linguisticiy by the problematic status of style: in a natural language, where a perfect connection is found between word and things, variations of style are no longer conceivable.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Language and the Renewal of Society in Walt Whitman, Laura (Riding) Jackson, and Charles Olson: the American Cratylus\|last=Billitteri\|first=Carla\|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan\|year=2009\|isbn=9781349375240\|location=New York\|pages=7}}</ref>

	Gérard Genette divided ~~tbe~~ [[Theory]] into primary and secondary Cratylism. ~~tbe~~ former is said to involve a general attempt to establish a motivated link between ~~tbe~~ signifier and ~~tbe~~ signified by inventing emotional values for certain sounds while ~~tbe~~ latter admits that language has fallen, and that ~~tbe~~ signifier enjoys an arbitrary relation to ~~tbe~~ signified.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Assimilation/generation/resurrection: Contrapuntal Readings in ~~tbe~~ Poetry of José Lezama Lima\|last=Heller\|first=Ben\|publisher=Bucknell University Press\|year=1997\|isbn=0838753477\|location=Lewisburg\|pages=44}}</ref>		Gérard Genette divided the [[Theory]] into primary and secondary Cratylism. the former is said to involve a general attempt to establish a motivated link between the signifier and the signified by inventing emotional values for certain sounds while the latter admits that language has fallen, and that the signifier enjoys an arbitrary relation to the signified.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Assimilation/generation/resurrection: Contrapuntal Readings in the Poetry of José Lezama Lima\|last=Heller\|first=Ben\|publisher=Bucknell University Press\|year=1997\|isbn=0838753477\|location=Lewisburg\|pages=44}}</ref>

	Cratylism reaches similar conclusions about ~~tbe~~ [[nature]] of [[reality]] and communication that [[Taoism]] and [[Zen [[Buddhism]] also confronted: how can a mind in flux, in a flowing world, hold on to any solid "truth" and convey it to another mind? [[Pyrrhonism]] is also similar with respect to its "undogmatic and relaxed use of words."<ref>Sextus Empiricus, "Outlines of Pyrrhonism", Book I, Chapter 34, Section 239</ref>		Cratylism reaches similar conclusions about the [[nature]] of [[reality]] and communication that [[Taoism]] and [[Zen [[Buddhism]] also confronted: how can a mind in flux, in a flowing world, hold on to any solid "truth" and convey it to another mind? [[Pyrrhonism]] is also similar with respect to its "undogmatic and relaxed use of words."<ref>Sextus Empiricus, "Outlines of Pyrrhonism", Book I, Chapter 34, Section 239</ref>

	A fellow-Greek sophist, [[Gorgias]], expressed an equally ironic ''cul de sac'' conclusion about ~~tbe~~ [[nature]] of human [[Epistemology\|epistemological]] understanding:		A fellow-Greek sophist, [[Gorgias]], expressed an equally ironic ''cul de sac'' conclusion about the [[nature]] of human [[Epistemology\|epistemological]] understanding:
	<blockquote>		<blockquote>
	"Nothing exists. Even if something did exist, nothing can be known about it; and even if something can be known about it, knowledge about it cannot be communicated to others. And, finally, even if it can be communicated, it cannot be understood."<ref>John Burnet, ''Greek Philosophy'' (1914), §96.</ref></blockquote>		"Nothing exists. Even if something did exist, nothing can be known about it; and even if something can be known about it, knowledge about it cannot be communicated to others. And, finally, even if it can be communicated, it cannot be understood."<ref>John Burnet, ''Greek Philosophy'' (1914), §96.</ref></blockquote>

Bacchus: Text replacement - " the " to " tbe "

2024-04-26T17:21:06Z

Text replacement - " the " to " tbe "

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:21, 26 April 2024
Line 1:		Line 1:
	'''Cratylism''' as a philosophical [[Theory]] reflects ~~the~~ teachings of ~~the~~ AThenian [[Cratylus]] (also transliterated as Kratylos), fl. mid to late 5th century BC.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book\|title=The Scissors of Meter: Grammetrics and Reading\|last=Wesling\|first=Donald\|publisher=University of Michigan Press\|year=1999\|isbn=0472107151\|location=Ann Arbor\|pages=[https://archive.org/details/scissorsofmeterg0000wesl/page/66 66]\|url-access=registration\|url=https://archive.org/details/scissorsofmeterg0000wesl/page/66}}</ref> Cratylism holds that There is a natural relationship between words and what words designate.<ref>journal\|last=Attardo\|first=Salvatore\|date=2002\|title=Translation and Humour: An Approach Based on ~~the~~ General Theory of Verbal Humour (GTVH)\|url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13556509.2002.10799131\|journal=The Translator\|language=en\|volume=8\|issue=2\|pages=173–194\|doi=10.1080/13556509.2002.10799131\|s2cid=142611273 \|issn=1355-6509</ref>		'''Cratylism''' as a philosophical [[Theory]] reflects tbe teachings of tbe AThenian [[Cratylus]] (also transliterated as Kratylos), fl. mid to late 5th century BC.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book\|title=The Scissors of Meter: Grammetrics and Reading\|last=Wesling\|first=Donald\|publisher=University of Michigan Press\|year=1999\|isbn=0472107151\|location=Ann Arbor\|pages=[https://archive.org/details/scissorsofmeterg0000wesl/page/66 66]\|url-access=registration\|url=https://archive.org/details/scissorsofmeterg0000wesl/page/66}}</ref> Cratylism holds that There is a natural relationship between words and what words designate.<ref>journal\|last=Attardo\|first=Salvatore\|date=2002\|title=Translation and Humour: An Approach Based on tbe General Theory of Verbal Humour (GTVH)\|url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13556509.2002.10799131\|journal=The Translator\|language=en\|volume=8\|issue=2\|pages=173–194\|doi=10.1080/13556509.2002.10799131\|s2cid=142611273 \|issn=1355-6509</ref>
	Cratylus is more popularly known as [[Socrates]]' antagonist in [[Plato]]'s dialogue ''Cratylus''.<ref name=":0" />		Cratylus is more popularly known as [[Socrates]]' antagonist in [[Plato]]'s dialogue ''Cratylus''.<ref name=":0" />

	Cratylism is distinguished from linguisticiy by ~~the~~ problematic status of style: in a natural language, where a perfect connection is found between word and things, variations of style are no longer conceivable.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Language and ~~the~~ Renewal of Society in Walt Whitman, Laura (Riding) Jackson, and Charles Olson: ~~the~~ American Cratylus\|last=Billitteri\|first=Carla\|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan\|year=2009\|isbn=9781349375240\|location=New York\|pages=7}}</ref>		Cratylism is distinguished from linguisticiy by tbe problematic status of style: in a natural language, where a perfect connection is found between word and things, variations of style are no longer conceivable.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Language and tbe Renewal of Society in Walt Whitman, Laura (Riding) Jackson, and Charles Olson: tbe American Cratylus\|last=Billitteri\|first=Carla\|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan\|year=2009\|isbn=9781349375240\|location=New York\|pages=7}}</ref>

	Gérard Genette divided ~~the~~ [[Theory]] into primary and secondary Cratylism. ~~the~~ former is said to involve a general attempt to establish a motivated link between ~~the~~ signifier and ~~the~~ signified by inventing emotional values for certain sounds while ~~the~~ latter admits that language has fallen, and that ~~the~~ signifier enjoys an arbitrary relation to ~~the~~ signified.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Assimilation/generation/resurrection: Contrapuntal Readings in ~~the~~ Poetry of José Lezama Lima\|last=Heller\|first=Ben\|publisher=Bucknell University Press\|year=1997\|isbn=0838753477\|location=Lewisburg\|pages=44}}</ref>		Gérard Genette divided tbe [[Theory]] into primary and secondary Cratylism. tbe former is said to involve a general attempt to establish a motivated link between tbe signifier and tbe signified by inventing emotional values for certain sounds while tbe latter admits that language has fallen, and that tbe signifier enjoys an arbitrary relation to tbe signified.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Assimilation/generation/resurrection: Contrapuntal Readings in tbe Poetry of José Lezama Lima\|last=Heller\|first=Ben\|publisher=Bucknell University Press\|year=1997\|isbn=0838753477\|location=Lewisburg\|pages=44}}</ref>

	Cratylism reaches similar conclusions about ~~the~~ [[nature]] of [[reality]] and communication that [[Taoism]] and [[Zen [[Buddhism]] also confronted: how can a mind in flux, in a flowing world, hold on to any solid "truth" and convey it to another mind? [[Pyrrhonism]] is also similar with respect to its "undogmatic and relaxed use of words."<ref>Sextus Empiricus, "Outlines of Pyrrhonism", Book I, Chapter 34, Section 239</ref>		Cratylism reaches similar conclusions about tbe [[nature]] of [[reality]] and communication that [[Taoism]] and [[Zen [[Buddhism]] also confronted: how can a mind in flux, in a flowing world, hold on to any solid "truth" and convey it to another mind? [[Pyrrhonism]] is also similar with respect to its "undogmatic and relaxed use of words."<ref>Sextus Empiricus, "Outlines of Pyrrhonism", Book I, Chapter 34, Section 239</ref>

	A fellow-Greek sophist, [[Gorgias]], expressed an equally ironic ''cul de sac'' conclusion about ~~the~~ [[nature]] of human [[Epistemology\|epistemological]] understanding:		A fellow-Greek sophist, [[Gorgias]], expressed an equally ironic ''cul de sac'' conclusion about tbe [[nature]] of human [[Epistemology\|epistemological]] understanding:
	<blockquote>		<blockquote>
	"Nothing exists. Even if something did exist, nothing can be known about it; and even if something can be known about it, knowledge about it cannot be communicated to others. And, finally, even if it can be communicated, it cannot be understood."<ref>John Burnet, ''Greek Philosophy'' (1914), §96.</ref></blockquote>		"Nothing exists. Even if something did exist, nothing can be known about it; and even if something can be known about it, knowledge about it cannot be communicated to others. And, finally, even if it can be communicated, it cannot be understood."<ref>John Burnet, ''Greek Philosophy'' (1914), §96.</ref></blockquote>

𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗹: Text replacement - "tbe" to "the"

2023-09-13T01:35:03Z

Text replacement - "tbe" to "the"

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:35, 12 September 2023
Line 1:		Line 1:
	'''Cratylism''' as a philosophical [[Theory]] reflects ~~tbe~~ teachings of ~~tbe~~ AThenian [[Cratylus]] (also transliterated as Kratylos), fl. mid to late 5th century BC.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book\|title=The Scissors of Meter: Grammetrics and Reading\|last=Wesling\|first=Donald\|publisher=University of Michigan Press\|year=1999\|isbn=0472107151\|location=Ann Arbor\|pages=[https://archive.org/details/scissorsofmeterg0000wesl/page/66 66]\|url-access=registration\|url=https://archive.org/details/scissorsofmeterg0000wesl/page/66}}</ref> Cratylism holds that There is a natural relationship between words and what words designate.<ref>journal\|last=Attardo\|first=Salvatore\|date=2002\|title=Translation and Humour: An Approach Based on ~~tbe~~ General Theory of Verbal Humour (GTVH)\|url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13556509.2002.10799131\|journal=The Translator\|language=en\|volume=8\|issue=2\|pages=173–194\|doi=10.1080/13556509.2002.10799131\|s2cid=142611273 \|issn=1355-6509</ref>		'''Cratylism''' as a philosophical [[Theory]] reflects the teachings of the AThenian [[Cratylus]] (also transliterated as Kratylos), fl. mid to late 5th century BC.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book\|title=The Scissors of Meter: Grammetrics and Reading\|last=Wesling\|first=Donald\|publisher=University of Michigan Press\|year=1999\|isbn=0472107151\|location=Ann Arbor\|pages=[https://archive.org/details/scissorsofmeterg0000wesl/page/66 66]\|url-access=registration\|url=https://archive.org/details/scissorsofmeterg0000wesl/page/66}}</ref> Cratylism holds that There is a natural relationship between words and what words designate.<ref>journal\|last=Attardo\|first=Salvatore\|date=2002\|title=Translation and Humour: An Approach Based on the General Theory of Verbal Humour (GTVH)\|url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13556509.2002.10799131\|journal=The Translator\|language=en\|volume=8\|issue=2\|pages=173–194\|doi=10.1080/13556509.2002.10799131\|s2cid=142611273 \|issn=1355-6509</ref>
	Cratylus is more popularly known as [[Socrates]]' antagonist in [[Plato]]'s dialogue ''Cratylus''.<ref name=":0" />		Cratylus is more popularly known as [[Socrates]]' antagonist in [[Plato]]'s dialogue ''Cratylus''.<ref name=":0" />

	Cratylism is distinguished from linguisticiy by ~~tbe~~ problematic status of style: in a natural language, where a perfect connection is found between word and things, variations of style are no longer conceivable.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Language and ~~tbe~~ Renewal of Society in Walt Whitman, Laura (Riding) Jackson, and Charles Olson: ~~tbe~~ American Cratylus\|last=Billitteri\|first=Carla\|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan\|year=2009\|isbn=9781349375240\|location=New York\|pages=7}}</ref>		Cratylism is distinguished from linguisticiy by the problematic status of style: in a natural language, where a perfect connection is found between word and things, variations of style are no longer conceivable.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Language and the Renewal of Society in Walt Whitman, Laura (Riding) Jackson, and Charles Olson: the American Cratylus\|last=Billitteri\|first=Carla\|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan\|year=2009\|isbn=9781349375240\|location=New York\|pages=7}}</ref>

	Gérard Genette divided ~~tbe~~ [[Theory]] into primary and secondary Cratylism. ~~tbe~~ former is said to involve a general attempt to establish a motivated link between ~~tbe~~ signifier and ~~tbe~~ signified by inventing emotional values for certain sounds while ~~tbe~~ latter admits that language has fallen, and that ~~tbe~~ signifier enjoys an arbitrary relation to ~~tbe~~ signified.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Assimilation/generation/resurrection: Contrapuntal Readings in ~~tbe~~ Poetry of José Lezama Lima\|last=Heller\|first=Ben\|publisher=Bucknell University Press\|year=1997\|isbn=0838753477\|location=Lewisburg\|pages=44}}</ref>		Gérard Genette divided the [[Theory]] into primary and secondary Cratylism. the former is said to involve a general attempt to establish a motivated link between the signifier and the signified by inventing emotional values for certain sounds while the latter admits that language has fallen, and that the signifier enjoys an arbitrary relation to the signified.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Assimilation/generation/resurrection: Contrapuntal Readings in the Poetry of José Lezama Lima\|last=Heller\|first=Ben\|publisher=Bucknell University Press\|year=1997\|isbn=0838753477\|location=Lewisburg\|pages=44}}</ref>

	Cratylism reaches similar conclusions about ~~tbe~~ [[nature]] of [[reality]] and communication that [[Taoism]] and [[Zen [[Buddhism]] also confronted: how can a mind in flux, in a flowing world, hold on to any solid "truth" and convey it to ~~anotber~~ mind? [[Pyrrhonism]] is also similar with respect to its "undogmatic and relaxed use of words."<ref>Sextus Empiricus, "Outlines of Pyrrhonism", Book I, Chapter 34, Section 239</ref>		Cratylism reaches similar conclusions about the [[nature]] of [[reality]] and communication that [[Taoism]] and [[Zen [[Buddhism]] also confronted: how can a mind in flux, in a flowing world, hold on to any solid "truth" and convey it to another mind? [[Pyrrhonism]] is also similar with respect to its "undogmatic and relaxed use of words."<ref>Sextus Empiricus, "Outlines of Pyrrhonism", Book I, Chapter 34, Section 239</ref>

	A fellow-Greek sophist, [[Gorgias]], expressed an equally ironic ''cul de sac'' conclusion about ~~tbe~~ [[nature]] of human [[Epistemology\|epistemological]] understanding:		A fellow-Greek sophist, [[Gorgias]], expressed an equally ironic ''cul de sac'' conclusion about the [[nature]] of human [[Epistemology\|epistemological]] understanding:
	<blockquote>		<blockquote>
	"Nothing exists. Even if something did exist, nothing can be known about it; and even if something can be known about it, knowledge about it cannot be communicated to ~~otbers~~. And, finally, even if it can be communicated, it cannot be understood."<ref>John Burnet, ''Greek Philosophy'' (1914), §96.</ref></blockquote>		"Nothing exists. Even if something did exist, nothing can be known about it; and even if something can be known about it, knowledge about it cannot be communicated to others. And, finally, even if it can be communicated, it cannot be understood."<ref>John Burnet, ''Greek Philosophy'' (1914), §96.</ref></blockquote>

	==See also==		==See also==

Bacchus: Text replacement - "the" to "tbe"

2023-09-08T22:18:47Z

Text replacement - "the" to "tbe"

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:18, 8 September 2023
Line 1:		Line 1:
	'''Cratylism''' as a philosophical [[Theory]] reflects ~~the~~ teachings of ~~the~~ AThenian [[Cratylus]] (also transliterated as Kratylos), fl. mid to late 5th century BC.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book\|title=The Scissors of Meter: Grammetrics and Reading\|last=Wesling\|first=Donald\|publisher=University of Michigan Press\|year=1999\|isbn=0472107151\|location=Ann Arbor\|pages=[https://archive.org/details/scissorsofmeterg0000wesl/page/66 66]\|url-access=registration\|url=https://archive.org/details/scissorsofmeterg0000wesl/page/66}}</ref> Cratylism holds that There is a natural relationship between words and what words designate.<ref>journal\|last=Attardo\|first=Salvatore\|date=2002\|title=Translation and Humour: An Approach Based on ~~the~~ General Theory of Verbal Humour (GTVH)\|url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13556509.2002.10799131\|journal=The Translator\|language=en\|volume=8\|issue=2\|pages=173–194\|doi=10.1080/13556509.2002.10799131\|s2cid=142611273 \|issn=1355-6509</ref>		'''Cratylism''' as a philosophical [[Theory]] reflects tbe teachings of tbe AThenian [[Cratylus]] (also transliterated as Kratylos), fl. mid to late 5th century BC.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book\|title=The Scissors of Meter: Grammetrics and Reading\|last=Wesling\|first=Donald\|publisher=University of Michigan Press\|year=1999\|isbn=0472107151\|location=Ann Arbor\|pages=[https://archive.org/details/scissorsofmeterg0000wesl/page/66 66]\|url-access=registration\|url=https://archive.org/details/scissorsofmeterg0000wesl/page/66}}</ref> Cratylism holds that There is a natural relationship between words and what words designate.<ref>journal\|last=Attardo\|first=Salvatore\|date=2002\|title=Translation and Humour: An Approach Based on tbe General Theory of Verbal Humour (GTVH)\|url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13556509.2002.10799131\|journal=The Translator\|language=en\|volume=8\|issue=2\|pages=173–194\|doi=10.1080/13556509.2002.10799131\|s2cid=142611273 \|issn=1355-6509</ref>
	Cratylus is more popularly known as [[Socrates]]' antagonist in [[Plato]]'s dialogue ''Cratylus''.<ref name=":0" />		Cratylus is more popularly known as [[Socrates]]' antagonist in [[Plato]]'s dialogue ''Cratylus''.<ref name=":0" />

	Cratylism is distinguished from linguisticiy by ~~the~~ problematic status of style: in a natural language, where a perfect connection is found between word and things, variations of style are no longer conceivable.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Language and ~~the~~ Renewal of Society in Walt Whitman, Laura (Riding) Jackson, and Charles Olson: ~~the~~ American Cratylus\|last=Billitteri\|first=Carla\|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan\|year=2009\|isbn=9781349375240\|location=New York\|pages=7}}</ref>		Cratylism is distinguished from linguisticiy by tbe problematic status of style: in a natural language, where a perfect connection is found between word and things, variations of style are no longer conceivable.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Language and tbe Renewal of Society in Walt Whitman, Laura (Riding) Jackson, and Charles Olson: tbe American Cratylus\|last=Billitteri\|first=Carla\|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan\|year=2009\|isbn=9781349375240\|location=New York\|pages=7}}</ref>

	Gérard Genette divided ~~the~~ [[Theory]] into primary and secondary Cratylism. ~~the~~ former is said to involve a general attempt to establish a motivated link between ~~the~~ signifier and ~~the~~ signified by inventing emotional values for certain sounds while ~~the~~ latter admits that language has fallen, and that ~~the~~ signifier enjoys an arbitrary relation to ~~the~~ signified.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Assimilation/generation/resurrection: Contrapuntal Readings in ~~the~~ Poetry of José Lezama Lima\|last=Heller\|first=Ben\|publisher=Bucknell University Press\|year=1997\|isbn=0838753477\|location=Lewisburg\|pages=44}}</ref>		Gérard Genette divided tbe [[Theory]] into primary and secondary Cratylism. tbe former is said to involve a general attempt to establish a motivated link between tbe signifier and tbe signified by inventing emotional values for certain sounds while tbe latter admits that language has fallen, and that tbe signifier enjoys an arbitrary relation to tbe signified.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Assimilation/generation/resurrection: Contrapuntal Readings in tbe Poetry of José Lezama Lima\|last=Heller\|first=Ben\|publisher=Bucknell University Press\|year=1997\|isbn=0838753477\|location=Lewisburg\|pages=44}}</ref>

	Cratylism reaches similar conclusions about ~~the~~ [[nature]] of [[reality]] and communication that [[Taoism]] and [[Zen [[Buddhism]] also confronted: how can a mind in flux, in a flowing world, hold on to any solid "truth" and convey it to ~~another~~ mind? [[Pyrrhonism]] is also similar with respect to its "undogmatic and relaxed use of words."<ref>Sextus Empiricus, "Outlines of Pyrrhonism", Book I, Chapter 34, Section 239</ref>		Cratylism reaches similar conclusions about tbe [[nature]] of [[reality]] and communication that [[Taoism]] and [[Zen [[Buddhism]] also confronted: how can a mind in flux, in a flowing world, hold on to any solid "truth" and convey it to anotber mind? [[Pyrrhonism]] is also similar with respect to its "undogmatic and relaxed use of words."<ref>Sextus Empiricus, "Outlines of Pyrrhonism", Book I, Chapter 34, Section 239</ref>

	A fellow-Greek sophist, [[Gorgias]], expressed an equally ironic ''cul de sac'' conclusion about ~~the~~ [[nature]] of human [[Epistemology\|epistemological]] understanding:		A fellow-Greek sophist, [[Gorgias]], expressed an equally ironic ''cul de sac'' conclusion about tbe [[nature]] of human [[Epistemology\|epistemological]] understanding:
	<blockquote>		<blockquote>
	"Nothing exists. Even if something did exist, nothing can be known about it; and even if something can be known about it, knowledge about it cannot be communicated to ~~others~~. And, finally, even if it can be communicated, it cannot be understood."<ref>John Burnet, ''Greek Philosophy'' (1914), §96.</ref></blockquote>		"Nothing exists. Even if something did exist, nothing can be known about it; and even if something can be known about it, knowledge about it cannot be communicated to otbers. And, finally, even if it can be communicated, it cannot be understood."<ref>John Burnet, ''Greek Philosophy'' (1914), §96.</ref></blockquote>

	==See also==		==See also==

𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗹: Text replacement - "oTher" to "other"

2023-03-13T19:35:19Z

Text replacement - "oTher" to "other"

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:35, 13 March 2023
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	Gérard Genette divided the [[Theory]] into primary and secondary Cratylism. the former is said to involve a general attempt to establish a motivated link between the signifier and the signified by inventing emotional values for certain sounds while the latter admits that language has fallen, and that the signifier enjoys an arbitrary relation to the signified.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Assimilation/generation/resurrection: Contrapuntal Readings in the Poetry of José Lezama Lima\|last=Heller\|first=Ben\|publisher=Bucknell University Press\|year=1997\|isbn=0838753477\|location=Lewisburg\|pages=44}}</ref>		Gérard Genette divided the [[Theory]] into primary and secondary Cratylism. the former is said to involve a general attempt to establish a motivated link between the signifier and the signified by inventing emotional values for certain sounds while the latter admits that language has fallen, and that the signifier enjoys an arbitrary relation to the signified.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Assimilation/generation/resurrection: Contrapuntal Readings in the Poetry of José Lezama Lima\|last=Heller\|first=Ben\|publisher=Bucknell University Press\|year=1997\|isbn=0838753477\|location=Lewisburg\|pages=44}}</ref>

	Cratylism reaches similar conclusions about the [[nature]] of [[reality]] and communication that [[Taoism]] and [[Zen [[Buddhism]] also confronted: how can a mind in flux, in a flowing world, hold on to any solid "truth" and convey it to ~~anoTher~~ mind? [[Pyrrhonism]] is also similar with respect to its "undogmatic and relaxed use of words."<ref>Sextus Empiricus, "Outlines of Pyrrhonism", Book I, Chapter 34, Section 239</ref>		Cratylism reaches similar conclusions about the [[nature]] of [[reality]] and communication that [[Taoism]] and [[Zen [[Buddhism]] also confronted: how can a mind in flux, in a flowing world, hold on to any solid "truth" and convey it to another mind? [[Pyrrhonism]] is also similar with respect to its "undogmatic and relaxed use of words."<ref>Sextus Empiricus, "Outlines of Pyrrhonism", Book I, Chapter 34, Section 239</ref>

	A fellow-Greek sophist, [[Gorgias]], expressed an equally ironic ''cul de sac'' conclusion about the [[nature]] of human [[Epistemology\|epistemological]] understanding:		A fellow-Greek sophist, [[Gorgias]], expressed an equally ironic ''cul de sac'' conclusion about the [[nature]] of human [[Epistemology\|epistemological]] understanding:
	<blockquote>		<blockquote>
	"Nothing exists. Even if something did exist, nothing can be known about it; and even if something can be known about it, knowledge about it cannot be communicated to ~~oThers~~. And, finally, even if it can be communicated, it cannot be understood."<ref>John Burnet, ''Greek Philosophy'' (1914), §96.</ref></blockquote>		"Nothing exists. Even if something did exist, nothing can be known about it; and even if something can be known about it, knowledge about it cannot be communicated to others. And, finally, even if it can be communicated, it cannot be understood."<ref>John Burnet, ''Greek Philosophy'' (1914), §96.</ref></blockquote>

	==See also==		==See also==

WikiSysop: Text replacement - " The " to " the "

2023-02-27T07:49:29Z

Text replacement - " The " to " the "

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:49, 26 February 2023
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	'''Cratylism''' as a philosophical [[Theory]] reflects ~~The~~ teachings of ~~The~~ AThenian [[Cratylus]] (also transliterated as Kratylos), fl. mid to late 5th century BC.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book\|title=The Scissors of Meter: Grammetrics and Reading\|last=Wesling\|first=Donald\|publisher=University of Michigan Press\|year=1999\|isbn=0472107151\|location=Ann Arbor\|pages=[https://archive.org/details/scissorsofmeterg0000wesl/page/66 66]\|url-access=registration\|url=https://archive.org/details/scissorsofmeterg0000wesl/page/66}}</ref> Cratylism holds that There is a natural relationship between words and what words designate.<ref>journal\|last=Attardo\|first=Salvatore\|date=2002\|title=Translation and Humour: An Approach Based on ~~The~~ General Theory of Verbal Humour (GTVH)\|url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13556509.2002.10799131\|journal=The Translator\|language=en\|volume=8\|issue=2\|pages=173–194\|doi=10.1080/13556509.2002.10799131\|s2cid=142611273 \|issn=1355-6509</ref>		'''Cratylism''' as a philosophical [[Theory]] reflects the teachings of the AThenian [[Cratylus]] (also transliterated as Kratylos), fl. mid to late 5th century BC.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book\|title=The Scissors of Meter: Grammetrics and Reading\|last=Wesling\|first=Donald\|publisher=University of Michigan Press\|year=1999\|isbn=0472107151\|location=Ann Arbor\|pages=[https://archive.org/details/scissorsofmeterg0000wesl/page/66 66]\|url-access=registration\|url=https://archive.org/details/scissorsofmeterg0000wesl/page/66}}</ref> Cratylism holds that There is a natural relationship between words and what words designate.<ref>journal\|last=Attardo\|first=Salvatore\|date=2002\|title=Translation and Humour: An Approach Based on the General Theory of Verbal Humour (GTVH)\|url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13556509.2002.10799131\|journal=The Translator\|language=en\|volume=8\|issue=2\|pages=173–194\|doi=10.1080/13556509.2002.10799131\|s2cid=142611273 \|issn=1355-6509</ref>
	Cratylus is more popularly known as [[Socrates]]' antagonist in [[Plato]]'s dialogue ''Cratylus''.<ref name=":0" />		Cratylus is more popularly known as [[Socrates]]' antagonist in [[Plato]]'s dialogue ''Cratylus''.<ref name=":0" />

	Cratylism is distinguished from linguisticiy by ~~The~~ problematic status of style: in a natural language, where a perfect connection is found between word and things, variations of style are no longer conceivable.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Language and ~~The~~ Renewal of Society in Walt Whitman, Laura (Riding) Jackson, and Charles Olson: ~~The~~ American Cratylus\|last=Billitteri\|first=Carla\|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan\|year=2009\|isbn=9781349375240\|location=New York\|pages=7}}</ref>		Cratylism is distinguished from linguisticiy by the problematic status of style: in a natural language, where a perfect connection is found between word and things, variations of style are no longer conceivable.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Language and the Renewal of Society in Walt Whitman, Laura (Riding) Jackson, and Charles Olson: the American Cratylus\|last=Billitteri\|first=Carla\|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan\|year=2009\|isbn=9781349375240\|location=New York\|pages=7}}</ref>

	Gérard Genette divided ~~The~~ [[Theory]] into primary and secondary Cratylism. ~~The~~ former is said to involve a general attempt to establish a motivated link between ~~The~~ signifier and ~~The~~ signified by inventing emotional values for certain sounds while ~~The~~ latter admits that language has fallen, and that ~~The~~ signifier enjoys an arbitrary relation to ~~The~~ signified.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Assimilation/generation/resurrection: Contrapuntal Readings in ~~The~~ Poetry of José Lezama Lima\|last=Heller\|first=Ben\|publisher=Bucknell University Press\|year=1997\|isbn=0838753477\|location=Lewisburg\|pages=44}}</ref>		Gérard Genette divided the [[Theory]] into primary and secondary Cratylism. the former is said to involve a general attempt to establish a motivated link between the signifier and the signified by inventing emotional values for certain sounds while the latter admits that language has fallen, and that the signifier enjoys an arbitrary relation to the signified.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Assimilation/generation/resurrection: Contrapuntal Readings in the Poetry of José Lezama Lima\|last=Heller\|first=Ben\|publisher=Bucknell University Press\|year=1997\|isbn=0838753477\|location=Lewisburg\|pages=44}}</ref>

	Cratylism reaches similar conclusions about ~~The~~ [[nature]] of [[reality]] and communication that [[Taoism]] and [[Zen [[Buddhism]] also confronted: how can a mind in flux, in a flowing world, hold on to any solid "truth" and convey it to anoTher mind? [[Pyrrhonism]] is also similar with respect to its "undogmatic and relaxed use of words."<ref>Sextus Empiricus, "Outlines of Pyrrhonism", Book I, Chapter 34, Section 239</ref>		Cratylism reaches similar conclusions about the [[nature]] of [[reality]] and communication that [[Taoism]] and [[Zen [[Buddhism]] also confronted: how can a mind in flux, in a flowing world, hold on to any solid "truth" and convey it to anoTher mind? [[Pyrrhonism]] is also similar with respect to its "undogmatic and relaxed use of words."<ref>Sextus Empiricus, "Outlines of Pyrrhonism", Book I, Chapter 34, Section 239</ref>

	A fellow-Greek sophist, [[Gorgias]], expressed an equally ironic ''cul de sac'' conclusion about ~~The~~ [[nature]] of human [[Epistemology\|epistemological]] understanding:		A fellow-Greek sophist, [[Gorgias]], expressed an equally ironic ''cul de sac'' conclusion about the [[nature]] of human [[Epistemology\|epistemological]] understanding:
	<blockquote>		<blockquote>
	"Nothing exists. Even if something did exist, nothing can be known about it; and even if something can be known about it, knowledge about it cannot be communicated to oThers. And, finally, even if it can be communicated, it cannot be understood."<ref>John Burnet, ''Greek Philosophy'' (1914), §96.</ref></blockquote>		"Nothing exists. Even if something did exist, nothing can be known about it; and even if something can be known about it, knowledge about it cannot be communicated to oThers. And, finally, even if it can be communicated, it cannot be understood."<ref>John Burnet, ''Greek Philosophy'' (1914), §96.</ref></blockquote>

Bacchus: Text replacement - " reality " to " reality "

2023-02-19T18:56:00Z

Text replacement - " reality " to " reality "

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:56, 19 February 2023
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	Gérard Genette divided The [[Theory]] into primary and secondary Cratylism. The former is said to involve a general attempt to establish a motivated link between The signifier and The signified by inventing emotional values for certain sounds while The latter admits that language has fallen, and that The signifier enjoys an arbitrary relation to The signified.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Assimilation/generation/resurrection: Contrapuntal Readings in The Poetry of José Lezama Lima\|last=Heller\|first=Ben\|publisher=Bucknell University Press\|year=1997\|isbn=0838753477\|location=Lewisburg\|pages=44}}</ref>		Gérard Genette divided The [[Theory]] into primary and secondary Cratylism. The former is said to involve a general attempt to establish a motivated link between The signifier and The signified by inventing emotional values for certain sounds while The latter admits that language has fallen, and that The signifier enjoys an arbitrary relation to The signified.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Assimilation/generation/resurrection: Contrapuntal Readings in The Poetry of José Lezama Lima\|last=Heller\|first=Ben\|publisher=Bucknell University Press\|year=1997\|isbn=0838753477\|location=Lewisburg\|pages=44}}</ref>

	Cratylism reaches similar conclusions about The [[nature]] of reality and communication that [[Taoism]] and [[Zen [[Buddhism]] also confronted: how can a mind in flux, in a flowing world, hold on to any solid "truth" and convey it to anoTher mind? [[Pyrrhonism]] is also similar with respect to its "undogmatic and relaxed use of words."<ref>Sextus Empiricus, "Outlines of Pyrrhonism", Book I, Chapter 34, Section 239</ref>		Cratylism reaches similar conclusions about The [[nature]] of [[reality]] and communication that [[Taoism]] and [[Zen [[Buddhism]] also confronted: how can a mind in flux, in a flowing world, hold on to any solid "truth" and convey it to anoTher mind? [[Pyrrhonism]] is also similar with respect to its "undogmatic and relaxed use of words."<ref>Sextus Empiricus, "Outlines of Pyrrhonism", Book I, Chapter 34, Section 239</ref>

	A fellow-Greek sophist, [[Gorgias]], expressed an equally ironic ''cul de sac'' conclusion about The [[nature]] of human [[Epistemology\|epistemological]] understanding:		A fellow-Greek sophist, [[Gorgias]], expressed an equally ironic ''cul de sac'' conclusion about The [[nature]] of human [[Epistemology\|epistemological]] understanding:

Bacchus: Text replacement - "nature" to "nature"

2023-02-18T01:58:56Z

Text replacement - "nature" to "nature"

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:58, 17 February 2023
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	Gérard Genette divided The [[Theory]] into primary and secondary Cratylism. The former is said to involve a general attempt to establish a motivated link between The signifier and The signified by inventing emotional values for certain sounds while The latter admits that language has fallen, and that The signifier enjoys an arbitrary relation to The signified.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Assimilation/generation/resurrection: Contrapuntal Readings in The Poetry of José Lezama Lima\|last=Heller\|first=Ben\|publisher=Bucknell University Press\|year=1997\|isbn=0838753477\|location=Lewisburg\|pages=44}}</ref>		Gérard Genette divided The [[Theory]] into primary and secondary Cratylism. The former is said to involve a general attempt to establish a motivated link between The signifier and The signified by inventing emotional values for certain sounds while The latter admits that language has fallen, and that The signifier enjoys an arbitrary relation to The signified.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Assimilation/generation/resurrection: Contrapuntal Readings in The Poetry of José Lezama Lima\|last=Heller\|first=Ben\|publisher=Bucknell University Press\|year=1997\|isbn=0838753477\|location=Lewisburg\|pages=44}}</ref>

	Cratylism reaches similar conclusions about The nature of reality and communication that [[Taoism]] and [[Zen [[Buddhism]] also confronted: how can a mind in flux, in a flowing world, hold on to any solid "truth" and convey it to anoTher mind? [[Pyrrhonism]] is also similar with respect to its "undogmatic and relaxed use of words."<ref>Sextus Empiricus, "Outlines of Pyrrhonism", Book I, Chapter 34, Section 239</ref>		Cratylism reaches similar conclusions about The [[nature]] of reality and communication that [[Taoism]] and [[Zen [[Buddhism]] also confronted: how can a mind in flux, in a flowing world, hold on to any solid "truth" and convey it to anoTher mind? [[Pyrrhonism]] is also similar with respect to its "undogmatic and relaxed use of words."<ref>Sextus Empiricus, "Outlines of Pyrrhonism", Book I, Chapter 34, Section 239</ref>

	A fellow-Greek sophist, [[Gorgias]], expressed an equally ironic ''cul de sac'' conclusion about The nature of human [[Epistemology\|epistemological]] understanding:		A fellow-Greek sophist, [[Gorgias]], expressed an equally ironic ''cul de sac'' conclusion about The [[nature]] of human [[Epistemology\|epistemological]] understanding:
	<blockquote>		<blockquote>
	"Nothing exists. Even if something did exist, nothing can be known about it; and even if something can be known about it, knowledge about it cannot be communicated to oThers. And, finally, even if it can be communicated, it cannot be understood."<ref>John Burnet, ''Greek Philosophy'' (1914), §96.</ref></blockquote>		"Nothing exists. Even if something did exist, nothing can be known about it; and even if something can be known about it, knowledge about it cannot be communicated to oThers. And, finally, even if it can be communicated, it cannot be understood."<ref>John Burnet, ''Greek Philosophy'' (1914), §96.</ref></blockquote>

WikiSysop: Text replacement - "]]]]" to "]]"

2023-02-14T21:18:20Z

Text replacement - "]]]]" to "]]"

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:18, 14 February 2023
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	Gérard Genette divided The [[Theory]] into primary and secondary Cratylism. The former is said to involve a general attempt to establish a motivated link between The signifier and The signified by inventing emotional values for certain sounds while The latter admits that language has fallen, and that The signifier enjoys an arbitrary relation to The signified.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Assimilation/generation/resurrection: Contrapuntal Readings in The Poetry of José Lezama Lima\|last=Heller\|first=Ben\|publisher=Bucknell University Press\|year=1997\|isbn=0838753477\|location=Lewisburg\|pages=44}}</ref>		Gérard Genette divided The [[Theory]] into primary and secondary Cratylism. The former is said to involve a general attempt to establish a motivated link between The signifier and The signified by inventing emotional values for certain sounds while The latter admits that language has fallen, and that The signifier enjoys an arbitrary relation to The signified.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Assimilation/generation/resurrection: Contrapuntal Readings in The Poetry of José Lezama Lima\|last=Heller\|first=Ben\|publisher=Bucknell University Press\|year=1997\|isbn=0838753477\|location=Lewisburg\|pages=44}}</ref>

	Cratylism reaches similar conclusions about The nature of reality and communication that [[Taoism]] and [[Zen [[Buddhism]]]] also confronted: how can a mind in flux, in a flowing world, hold on to any solid "truth" and convey it to anoTher mind? [[Pyrrhonism]] is also similar with respect to its "undogmatic and relaxed use of words."<ref>Sextus Empiricus, "Outlines of Pyrrhonism", Book I, Chapter 34, Section 239</ref>		Cratylism reaches similar conclusions about The nature of reality and communication that [[Taoism]] and [[Zen [[Buddhism]] also confronted: how can a mind in flux, in a flowing world, hold on to any solid "truth" and convey it to anoTher mind? [[Pyrrhonism]] is also similar with respect to its "undogmatic and relaxed use of words."<ref>Sextus Empiricus, "Outlines of Pyrrhonism", Book I, Chapter 34, Section 239</ref>

	A fellow-Greek sophist, [[Gorgias]], expressed an equally ironic ''cul de sac'' conclusion about The nature of human [[Epistemology\|epistemological]] understanding:		A fellow-Greek sophist, [[Gorgias]], expressed an equally ironic ''cul de sac'' conclusion about The nature of human [[Epistemology\|epistemological]] understanding:

Bacchus: Text replacement - "Buddhism" to "Buddhism"

2023-02-14T13:58:43Z

Text replacement - "Buddhism" to "Buddhism"

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:58, 14 February 2023
Line 6:		Line 6:
	Gérard Genette divided The [[Theory]] into primary and secondary Cratylism. The former is said to involve a general attempt to establish a motivated link between The signifier and The signified by inventing emotional values for certain sounds while The latter admits that language has fallen, and that The signifier enjoys an arbitrary relation to The signified.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Assimilation/generation/resurrection: Contrapuntal Readings in The Poetry of José Lezama Lima\|last=Heller\|first=Ben\|publisher=Bucknell University Press\|year=1997\|isbn=0838753477\|location=Lewisburg\|pages=44}}</ref>		Gérard Genette divided The [[Theory]] into primary and secondary Cratylism. The former is said to involve a general attempt to establish a motivated link between The signifier and The signified by inventing emotional values for certain sounds while The latter admits that language has fallen, and that The signifier enjoys an arbitrary relation to The signified.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Assimilation/generation/resurrection: Contrapuntal Readings in The Poetry of José Lezama Lima\|last=Heller\|first=Ben\|publisher=Bucknell University Press\|year=1997\|isbn=0838753477\|location=Lewisburg\|pages=44}}</ref>

	Cratylism reaches similar conclusions about The nature of reality and communication that [[Taoism]] and [[Zen Buddhism]] also confronted: how can a mind in flux, in a flowing world, hold on to any solid "truth" and convey it to anoTher mind? [[Pyrrhonism]] is also similar with respect to its "undogmatic and relaxed use of words."<ref>Sextus Empiricus, "Outlines of Pyrrhonism", Book I, Chapter 34, Section 239</ref>		Cratylism reaches similar conclusions about The nature of reality and communication that [[Taoism]] and [[Zen [[Buddhism]]]] also confronted: how can a mind in flux, in a flowing world, hold on to any solid "truth" and convey it to anoTher mind? [[Pyrrhonism]] is also similar with respect to its "undogmatic and relaxed use of words."<ref>Sextus Empiricus, "Outlines of Pyrrhonism", Book I, Chapter 34, Section 239</ref>

	A fellow-Greek sophist, [[Gorgias]], expressed an equally ironic ''cul de sac'' conclusion about The nature of human [[Epistemology\|epistemological]] understanding:		A fellow-Greek sophist, [[Gorgias]], expressed an equally ironic ''cul de sac'' conclusion about The nature of human [[Epistemology\|epistemological]] understanding: