Ferdinand Lassalle - Revision history

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	[[File:Ferdinand Lassalle 1.~~jpg~~\|thumb\|250px\|Ferdinand Lassalle: ''"Labor is the source of all wealth and all culture."'']]		[[File:Ferdinand Lassalle 1.png\|thumb\|250px\|Ferdinand Lassalle: ''"Labor is the source of all wealth and all culture."'']]
	'''Ferdinand Johann Gottlieb Lassal''', since 1847 '''Lassalle'''<ref>From 1847 on, he wrote his surname based on the French revolutionary general La Salle.</ref> (11 April 1825 - 31 August 1864), was a jewish jurist, minor author, and committed [[Marxist]] political activist in [[Prussia]]. He founded the [[Social Democratic Party of Germany]].		'''Ferdinand Johann Gottlieb Lassal''', since 1847 '''Lassalle'''<ref>From 1847 on, he wrote his surname based on the French revolutionary general La Salle.</ref> (11 April 1825 - 31 August 1864), was a jewish jurist, minor author, and committed [[Marxist]] political activist in [[Prussia]]. He founded the [[Social Democratic Party of Germany]].

	==Life==		==Life==
	[[File:Am 28.8.1864 duellierte sich Ferdinand Lassalle mit dem Fürsten Janko von Racowitza bei Genf und starb wenig Tage später an den Folgen.~~jpg~~\|thumb\|250px\|The duel, 7:30 AM on 28 August 1864]]		[[File:Am 28.8.1864 duellierte sich Ferdinand Lassalle mit dem Fürsten Janko von Racowitza bei Genf und starb wenig Tage später an den Folgen.png\|thumb\|250px\|The duel, 7:30 AM on 28 August 1864]]
	[[File:Helene von Racowitza, geb. von Dönniges, 1865.~~jpg~~\|thumb\|250px\|Helene von Racowitza, née von Dönniges, 1865]]		[[File:Helene von Racowitza, geb. von Dönniges, 1865.png\|thumb\|250px\|Helene von Racowitza, née von Dönniges, 1865]]
	Ferdinand Lassalle was born in [[Breslau]], [[Silesia]], the son of Heymann Lassal (1791–1862) and his wife Rosalie, née Heitzfeld, where his father was a silk merchant. His brother Rochus died of consumption at the age of three. His sister Friederike married the merchant Ferdinand Friedland. From 1835 to 1840 he studied at the Maria-Magdalenen-[[Gymnasium]] in Breslau. Heymann Lassal intended his son for a business career, sending him to the commercial school at [[Leipzig]] from 1840 to 1841. He then returned to the Gymnasum and achieved his [[Abitur]] in 1843.		Ferdinand Lassalle was born in [[Breslau]], [[Silesia]], the son of Heymann Lassal (1791–1862) and his wife Rosalie, née Heitzfeld, where his father was a silk merchant. His brother Rochus died of consumption at the age of three. His sister Friederike married the merchant Ferdinand Friedland. From 1835 to 1840 he studied at the Maria-Magdalenen-[[Gymnasium]] in Breslau. Heymann Lassal intended his son for a business career, sending him to the commercial school at [[Leipzig]] from 1840 to 1841. He then returned to the Gymnasum and achieved his [[Abitur]] in 1843.

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	[[File:Ferdinand Lassalle 1.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|Ferdinand Lassalle: ''"Labor is the source of all wealth and all culture."'']]		[[File:Ferdinand Lassalle 1.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|Ferdinand Lassalle: ''"Labor is the source of all wealth and all culture."'']]
	'''Ferdinand Johann Gottlieb Lassal''', since 1847 '''Lassalle'''<ref>From 1847 on, he wrote his surname based on the French revolutionary general La Salle.</ref> (11 April 1825 - 31 August 1864), was a ~~Jewish~~ jurist, minor author, and committed [[Marxist]] political activist in [[Prussia]]. He founded the [[Social Democratic Party of Germany]].		'''Ferdinand Johann Gottlieb Lassal''', since 1847 '''Lassalle'''<ref>From 1847 on, he wrote his surname based on the French revolutionary general La Salle.</ref> (11 April 1825 - 31 August 1864), was a jewish jurist, minor author, and committed [[Marxist]] political activist in [[Prussia]]. He founded the [[Social Democratic Party of Germany]].

	==Life==		==Life==
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	:''Never had he been so colossal, so assured. His nerves seemed to have regained their tone. The night before the duel he slept like a tranquil child. In the early morn, on the way to the field outside Geneva, he begged his second to arrange the duel on the French side of the frontier, so that he might remain in Geneva and settle his account with the father. At the word of command, "One!" Janko's shot rang out. Lassalle's was not a second later, but he had already received his death-wound. He lay three days, dying in terrible agony, relieved only by copious opium. Between the spasms, surprise possessed his mind that his Will should have counted for nothing before the imperturbable march of the universe.''<ref>[https://www.gutenberg.org/files/29875/29875-h/29875-h.htm ''Dreamers of the Ghetto'']</ref>		:''Never had he been so colossal, so assured. His nerves seemed to have regained their tone. The night before the duel he slept like a tranquil child. In the early morn, on the way to the field outside Geneva, he begged his second to arrange the duel on the French side of the frontier, so that he might remain in Geneva and settle his account with the father. At the word of command, "One!" Janko's shot rang out. Lassalle's was not a second later, but he had already received his death-wound. He lay three days, dying in terrible agony, relieved only by copious opium. Between the spasms, surprise possessed his mind that his Will should have counted for nothing before the imperturbable march of the universe.''<ref>[https://www.gutenberg.org/files/29875/29875-h/29875-h.htm ''Dreamers of the Ghetto'']</ref>

	He was buried in the ~~Jewish~~ cemetery in [[Breslau]].<ref>Footman, David, ''The Primrose Path: A Biography of Ferdinand Lassalle'', Cresset Press, London, 1994.</ref> The final events of his life were described in George Meredith's novel ''The Tragic Comedians'' (1880). A year after Lassalle's death, Helene (henceforth known as the "Red Countess") married Janko von Racowitza (1843–1865). He died shortly after the wedding of "a serious illness" [lung disease] – as the annals put it. After that she married the theater actor drama teacher Siegwart Friedmann (1842–1916) in 1868 and became an actress herself. They divorced 1873, but stayed good friends.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20221215162343/https://dasgoetheanum.com/web/20221215162343/https://dasgoetheanum.com/dieses-leben-hatte-eine-tiefe-tragik/ ''Helene von Schewitsch''], 2022</ref> A decisive event during the time with her third husband Sergej von Schewitsch (1848–1911) was her personal acquaintance, even friendship, with Helena Blavatsky (1831–1891), through which she found [[theosophy]]. She described her way there in the book "How I found my self!", published anonymously in 1901.		He was buried in the jewish cemetery in [[Breslau]].<ref>Footman, David, ''The Primrose Path: A Biography of Ferdinand Lassalle'', Cresset Press, London, 1994.</ref> The final events of his life were described in George Meredith's novel ''The Tragic Comedians'' (1880). A year after Lassalle's death, Helene (henceforth known as the "Red Countess") married Janko von Racowitza (1843–1865). He died shortly after the wedding of "a serious illness" [lung disease] – as the annals put it. After that she married the theater actor drama teacher Siegwart Friedmann (1842–1916) in 1868 and became an actress herself. They divorced 1873, but stayed good friends.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20221215162343/https://dasgoetheanum.com/web/20221215162343/https://dasgoetheanum.com/dieses-leben-hatte-eine-tiefe-tragik/ ''Helene von Schewitsch''], 2022</ref> A decisive event during the time with her third husband Sergej von Schewitsch (1848–1911) was her personal acquaintance, even friendship, with Helena Blavatsky (1831–1891), through which she found [[theosophy]]. She described her way there in the book "How I found my self!", published anonymously in 1901.

	==Further reading==		==Further reading==

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	* [https://web.archive.org/web/20230320034144/https://blogs.taz.de/schroederkalender/2019/06/04/helene-von-doenniges-und-ferdinand-lassalle/ ''Helene von Dönniges und Ferdinand Lassalle – Das Leben und Sterben des Ferdinand Lassalle''], "taz", 2019 (in German)		* [https://web.archive.org/web/20230320034144/https://blogs.taz.de/schroederkalender/2019/06/04/helene-von-doenniges-und-ferdinand-lassalle/ ''Helene von Dönniges und Ferdinand Lassalle – Das Leben und Sterben des Ferdinand Lassalle''], "taz", 2019 (in German)
	==References==		==References==
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	[[Category:1825 births]]		[[Category:1825 births]]