Friends of the New Germany - Revision history

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	[[Category:Fascist organizations]]		[[Category:Fascist organizations]]

	~~[[de:Bund der Freunde des neuen Deutschland]]~~

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	::''Not to be confused with the earlier group [[Society of American Friends of Germany]]''		::''Not to be confused with the earlier group [[Society of American Friends of Germany]]''
	[[File:Friends of New Germany im Madison Square Garden, 17. Mai 1934.~~jpg~~\|right\|400px]]		[[File:Friends of New Germany im Madison Square Garden, 17. Mai 1934.png\|right\|400px]]
	'''Friends of the New Germany''' (German: ''Bund der Freunde des Neuen Deutschland'') also known as the '''The American League of the Friends of the New Germany''' and '''League of the Friends of the New Germany''') was an American National Socialist political group formed in Chicago in July 1933.<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/investigationofu07unit#page/60/mode/2up ''House Investigation of Un-American Propaganda Activities in the United States'' (1943) Page 60]</ref> Many of the members of this group who were American citizens joined the [[German-American Bund]] in 1936 after Friends of New Germany was dissolved. The others who were German citizens living in America formed the [[German Bund (USA)\|German Bund]]<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/investigationofu193906unit#page/3724/mode/2up Testimony of Fritz Kuhn, August 6, 1939, before the House of Un-American Activities Committee, page 3728]</ref> A [[Friends of the New Germany (Canadian)\|Canadian section]] was also started in 1933.		'''Friends of the New Germany''' (German: ''Bund der Freunde des Neuen Deutschland'') also known as the '''The American League of the Friends of the New Germany''' and '''League of the Friends of the New Germany''') was an American National Socialist political group formed in Chicago in July 1933.<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/investigationofu07unit#page/60/mode/2up ''House Investigation of Un-American Propaganda Activities in the United States'' (1943) Page 60]</ref> Many of the members of this group who were American citizens joined the [[German-American Bund]] in 1936 after Friends of New Germany was dissolved. The others who were German citizens living in America formed the [[German Bund (USA)\|German Bund]]<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/investigationofu193906unit#page/3724/mode/2up Testimony of Fritz Kuhn, August 6, 1939, before the House of Un-American Activities Committee, page 3728]</ref> A [[Friends of the New Germany (Canadian)\|Canadian section]] was also started in 1933.

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	==Organization==		==Organization==
	[[File:A poster advertising an upcoming evening celebration in honor of Hitler's birthday in New York City sponsored by the Friends of the New Germany, April 1935.~~jpg~~\|right\|400px]]		[[File:A poster advertising an upcoming evening celebration in honor of Hitler's birthday in New York City sponsored by the Friends of the New Germany, April 1935.png\|right\|400px]]
	Some of the original membership of Friends of New Germany came from the [[Teutonia Association]] which had disbanded a year earlier and the "Volkischer Bund" . The former Teutonia members in 1932 and 1933 began forming independent [[National Socialist German Worker's Party]] units in a several American cities including, New York, Chicago, Detroit, Los Angeles, San Francisco and Cincinnati.<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/investigationofu07unit#page/70/mode/2up ''House Investigation of Un-American Propaganda Activities in the United States'' (1943) Page 71]</ref> German officials [[Rudolf Hess]] and [[Robert Ley]] intervened and found it necessary to form Friends of New Germany in 1933.<ref>''Encyclopedia of White Power'', by Jeffrey Kaplan, page 131</ref>		Some of the original membership of Friends of New Germany came from the [[Teutonia Association]] which had disbanded a year earlier and the "Volkischer Bund" . The former Teutonia members in 1932 and 1933 began forming independent [[National Socialist German Worker's Party]] units in a several American cities including, New York, Chicago, Detroit, Los Angeles, San Francisco and Cincinnati.<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/investigationofu07unit#page/70/mode/2up ''House Investigation of Un-American Propaganda Activities in the United States'' (1943) Page 71]</ref> German officials [[Rudolf Hess]] and [[Robert Ley]] intervened and found it necessary to form Friends of New Germany in 1933.<ref>''Encyclopedia of White Power'', by Jeffrey Kaplan, page 131</ref>

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	{{reflist\|2}}		{{reflist\|2}}

	~~[[Category:American organizations]]~~
	[[Category:National Socialism]]		[[Category:National Socialism]]
	~~[[Category:American Bund]]~~
	[[Category:Fascist organizations]]		[[Category:Fascist organizations]]

	[[de:Bund der Freunde des neuen Deutschland]]		[[de:Bund der Freunde des neuen Deutschland]]

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	[[Category:National Socialism]]		[[Category:National Socialism]]
	[[Category:American Bund]]		[[Category:American Bund]]
	[[Category:~~American National Socialist~~ organizations]]		[[Category:Fascist organizations]]

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	* [[German American Bund]]		* [[German American Bund]]
	* [[German Bund (USA)]]		* [[German Bund (USA)]]
	* [[Lineage of American ~~Nationalist~~ organizations and individuals]]		* [[Lineage of American Fascist organizations and individuals]]
	* [[Society of American Friends of Germany]]		* [[Society of American Friends of Germany]]
	* [[Germanischer Bund]]		* [[Germanischer Bund]]

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	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist\|2}}		{{reflist\|2}}
	~~[[Category:Friends of New Germany\| ]]~~
	[[Category:American organizations]]		[[Category:American organizations]]
	[[Category:National Socialism]]		[[Category:National Socialism]]

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	[[Category:National Socialism]]		[[Category:National Socialism]]
	[[Category:~~German~~ American Bund]]		[[Category:American Bund]]
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	==References==		==References==
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	[[Category:Friends of New Germany\| ]]		[[Category:Friends of New Germany\| ]]
	[[Category:German American organizations]]		[[Category:German American organizations]]

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::''Not to be confused with the earlier group [[Society of American Friends of Germany]]''
[[File:Friends of New Germany im Madison Square Garden, 17. Mai 1934.jpg|right|400px]]
'''Friends of the New Germany''' (German: ''Bund der Freunde des Neuen Deutschland'') also known as the '''The American League of the Friends of the New Germany''' and '''League of the Friends of the New Germany''') was an American National Socialist political group formed in Chicago in July 1933.<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/investigationofu07unit#page/60/mode/2up ''House Investigation of Un-American Propaganda Activities in the United States'' (1943) Page 60]</ref> Many of the members of this group who were American citizens joined the [[German-American Bund]] in 1936 after Friends of New Germany was dissolved. The others who were German citizens living in America formed the [[German Bund (USA)|German Bund]]<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/investigationofu193906unit#page/3724/mode/2up Testimony of Fritz Kuhn, August 6, 1939, before the House of Un-American Activities Committee, page 3728]</ref> A [[Friends of the New Germany (Canadian)|Canadian section]] was also started in 1933.

The Friends of the New Germany increased its membership between October l933 and March l934 from four hundred to four thousand members.<ref>''Americans from Germany: A Study in Cultural Diversity'' by Robert Henry Billigmeier, page 159</ref> On May 17, 1934, the group drew 50,000 to a rally at New York City's [[Madison Square Garden]] to promote the expansion of their counter-boycott organization [[DAWA]].

==Organization==
[[File:A poster advertising an upcoming evening celebration in honor of Hitler's birthday in New York City sponsored by the Friends of the New Germany, April 1935.jpg|right|400px]]
Some of the original membership of Friends of New Germany came from the [[Teutonia Association]] which had disbanded a year earlier and the "Volkischer Bund" . The former Teutonia members in 1932 and 1933 began forming independent [[National Socialist German Worker's Party]] units in a several American cities including, New York, Chicago, Detroit, Los Angeles, San Francisco and Cincinnati.<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/investigationofu07unit#page/70/mode/2up ''House Investigation of Un-American Propaganda Activities in the United States'' (1943) Page 71]</ref> German officials [[Rudolf Hess]] and [[Robert Ley]] intervened and found it necessary to form Friends of New Germany in 1933.<ref>''Encyclopedia of White Power'', by Jeffrey Kaplan, page 131</ref>

German-born pastor [[Heinz Spanknoebel]] became the early leader of the new organization winning the support and approval from Hess.<ref>''Swastika Nation: Fritz Kuhn and the Rise and Fall of the German-American Bund'', by Arnie Bernstein, page 25</ref> Other leaders in quick succession were Dr. [[Ignatz Griebl]], [[Fritz Gissibl]], Dr. [[Reinhold Walter]], and [[Hubert Schnuch]]. [[Fritz Kuhn]] was the last leader before the group dissolved.<ref>''Helluva Town: The Story of New York City During World War II'', By Richard Goldstein, page 208</ref>

The group’s military auxiliary was know as the [[Stahlhelm (American)|Stahlhelm]] or Steel Helmets. A youth camp was organized in Griggstown, New Jersey named Camp ''Wille und Macht'' (Will and Might).<ref>''Swastika Nation: Fritz Kuhn and the Rise and Fall of the German-American Bund'', by Arnie Bernstein, page 35</ref>

A court called the [[Uschla]] was used to enforce discipline. Those found in violation of certain rules or precepts were subject to social ostracization from the German-American community. However directives from the Uschla were at times ignored and those condemned often found members of the community who remained friendly.<ref>[http://archive.jta.org/article/1934/07/31/2817268/this-fascist-racket "This Fascist Racket" JTA July 31, 1934]</ref>

They published ''[[Das Neue Deutschland]]'' and ''[[Deutscher Beobachter]]''.

==Influence==
In 1934 they had a huge rally at a Chicago stadium and drew a crowd of 30,000.<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/investigationofu193802unit#page/1212/mode/2up House of Representatives Investigation of Un-American Propaganda Activities in the United States, page 1212]</ref> On May 17, 1934 they held a rally at [[Madison Square Gardens]] in New York.<ref>''State of Emergency'', By Nate Braden</ref>

In 1935 the group had about 10,000 members, most of whom were German citizens. Links were established with similar like-minded groups, such as [[William Dudley Pelley]]’s [[Silver Shirts]].

==Officers and leaders==
* [[Walter Haag]] editor of ''[[Deutscher Beobachter]]''
* [[Walter Kappe]], press agent
* [[Joseph Schuster]], Brooklyn unit and National Chairman
* [[Henry Woisin]], treasurer
* [[Louis Zahne]], public relations
* [[Friedrich Karl Kruppa]]
* Dr. [[Hubert Schnuch]]
* [[Reinhold Wolter]]
* [[Fritz Gissibl]]
* [[Anton Haegele]]
* [[Walter Eappe]]
* [[Robert F. Pape]] Los Angeles
* [[Sepp Schuster]]

==See also==
* [[German American Bund]]
* [[German Bund (USA)]]
* [[Lineage of American Nationalist organizations and individuals]]
* [[Society of American Friends of Germany]]
* [[Germanischer Bund]]
* [[German-American Economic League]]
* [[The Friends of New Germany (Canadian)]]

==Further reading==
* Prof. Sander A. Diamond: ''The Nazi Movement in the United States. 1924–1941.'' Cornell University Press, Ithaca (NY) 1974
* Martin Kerr: ''The History of American National Socialism'', 2017
** [https://web.archive.org/web/20190402023027/https://neworderorg.wordpress.com/2017/10/10/the-history-of-american-national-socialism-part-i-1924-1936/ Part I: 1924-1936]
** [https://web.archive.org/web/20190402023029/https://neworderorg.wordpress.com/2017/10/20/the-history-of-american-national-socialism-part-ii-1936-1941/ Part II: 1936-1941]

==External link==
* [https://neworderorg.wordpress.com/2017/10/10/the-history-of-american-national-socialism-part-i-1924-1936/ The History of American National Socialism – Part I: 1924-1936]

==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Friends of New Germany| ]]
[[Category:German American organizations]]
[[Category:National Socialism]]
[[Category:German American Bund]]
[[Category:American National Socialist organizations]]

[[de:Bund der Freunde des neuen Deutschland]]