Gottfried Feder - Revision history

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	[[File:Gottfried Feder 1.~~jpg~~\|thumb\|300px\|Gottfried Feder]]		[[File:Gottfried Feder 1.png\|thumb\|300px\|Gottfried Feder]]
	'''Gottfried Feder''' (b. 27 January 1883 in Würzburg, [[Bavaria]], [[Germany]]; d. 24 September 1941 in Murnau am Staffelsee, Bavaria, Germany) was a German civil engineer, economist, and one of the early key members of the [[NSDAP]] and its economic theoretician. It was one of his lectures, delivered in 1919, that drew [[Adolf Hitler]] into the party.<ref>{{cite book \| last1 = Dornberg \| first1 = John \| title = Munich 1923 \| publisher = Harper & Row \| year = 1982 \| location = New York \| page = [https://archive.org/details/munich192300john/page/344 344] \| isbn = 978-0-06-038025-0 \| url-access = registration \| url = https://archive.org/details/munich192300john/page/344 }}</ref>		'''Gottfried Feder''' (b. 27 January 1883 in Würzburg, [[Bavaria]], [[Germany]]; d. 24 September 1941 in Murnau am Staffelsee, Bavaria, Germany) was a German civil engineer, economist, and one of the early key members of the [[NSDAP]] and its economic theoretician. It was one of his lectures, delivered in 1919, that drew [[Adolf Hitler]] into the party.<ref>{{cite book \| last1 = Dornberg \| first1 = John \| title = Munich 1923 \| publisher = Harper & Row \| year = 1982 \| location = New York \| page = [https://archive.org/details/munich192300john/page/344 344] \| isbn = 978-0-06-038025-0 \| url-access = registration \| url = https://archive.org/details/munich192300john/page/344 }}</ref>

	==Life==		==Life==
	[[File:Adolf Hitler, Joseph Goebbels and Gottfried Feder at the party's rally in Nuremberg, 1927.~~jpg~~\|thumb\|300px\|[[Adolf Hitler]], [[Joseph Goebbels]] and Gottfried Feder at the party's rally in [[Nuremberg]], 1927]]		[[File:Adolf Hitler, Joseph Goebbels and Gottfried Feder at the party's rally in Nuremberg, 1927.png\|thumb\|300px\|[[Adolf Hitler]], [[Joseph Goebbels]] and Gottfried Feder at the party's rally in [[Nuremberg]], 1927]]
	[[File:Gottfried Feder 2.~~jpg~~\|right\|310px]]		[[File:Gottfried Feder 2.png\|right\|310px]]
	===Early life===		===Early life===
	Feder was born in Würzburg on 27 January 1883, the son of civil servant Hans Feder and Mathilde Feder (née Luz). After studying in classical [[Gymnasium]]s in Ansbach and Munich, he studied engineering in Berlin and Zürich, Switzerland. He then founded a construction company in 1908 that became particularly active in [[Bulgaria]] where it built a number of official buildings.		Feder was born in Würzburg on 27 January 1883, the son of civil servant Hans Feder and Mathilde Feder (née Luz). After studying in classical [[Gymnasium]]s in Ansbach and Munich, he studied engineering in Berlin and Zürich, Switzerland. He then founded a construction company in 1908 that became particularly active in [[Bulgaria]] where it built a number of official buildings.

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	==References==		==References==
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	Feder said that he studied financial politics and economics on his own from 1917 onward. He developed a hostility towards wealthy bankers during [[World War I]] and wrote a "Manifesto for the Breaking of the Bondage of Interest" ("''Brechung der Zinsknechtschaft''") in 1919.		Feder said that he studied financial politics and economics on his own from 1917 onward. He developed a hostility towards wealthy bankers during [[World War I]] and wrote a "Manifesto for the Breaking of the Bondage of Interest" ("''Brechung der Zinsknechtschaft''") in 1919.

	That year, Feder, together with [[Anton Drexler]], [[Dietrich Eckart]] and [[Karl Harrer]], were involved in the founding of the ''[[NSDAP\|Deutsche Arbeiterpartei]]'' (German Workers' Party-DAP). [[Adolf Hitler]] met him in the summer of 1919 while he was in an [[anti-communism\|anti-Bolshevik]] training course at Munich university—funded by the army and organized by Major [[Karl Mayr]]—and Feder became his mentor in finance and economics. He helped to inspire Hitler's opposition to "~~Jewish~~ finance capitalism."<ref>Kershaw, Ian (2001) [1991]. ''Hitler: A Profile in Power'', Chapter I, London.</ref>		That year, Feder, together with [[Anton Drexler]], [[Dietrich Eckart]] and [[Karl Harrer]], were involved in the founding of the ''[[NSDAP\|Deutsche Arbeiterpartei]]'' (German Workers' Party-DAP). [[Adolf Hitler]] met him in the summer of 1919 while he was in an [[anti-communism\|anti-Bolshevik]] training course at Munich university—funded by the army and organized by Major [[Karl Mayr]]—and Feder became his mentor in finance and economics. He helped to inspire Hitler's opposition to "jewish finance capitalism."<ref>Kershaw, Ian (2001) [1991]. ''Hitler: A Profile in Power'', Chapter I, London.</ref>

	===NSDAP===		===NSDAP===
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	===National Socialist Germany===		===National Socialist Germany===
	Feder continued to write papers, putting out "''Kampf gegen die Hochfinanz''" ("The Fight against high finance", 1933) and the "''Die Juden''" ("The ~~Jews~~," 1933). In 1939 he wrote ''Die Neue Stadt'' (the New City). Here he proposed creating agricultural cities of 20,000 people divided into nine autonomous units and surrounded by agricultural areas. Each city was to be fully autonomous and self-sufficient, with detailed plans for daily living and urban amenities provided. Unlike other garden city theorists, he believed that urban areas could be reformed by subdividing the existing built environment into self-sufficient neighborhoods. This idea of creating clusters of self-contained neighbourhoods forming a mid-sized city was popularised by Uzō Nishiyama in Japan. It would later be applied in the era of Japanese New Town construction.<ref>Hein, Carola, ''Visionary Plans and Planners. In Japanese Capitals in Historical Perspective'' (Fiévé, Waley eds.) RoutledgeCurzon.</ref>		Feder continued to write papers, putting out "''Kampf gegen die Hochfinanz''" ("The Fight against high finance", 1933) and the "''Die Juden''" ("The jews," 1933). In 1939 he wrote ''Die Neue Stadt'' (the New City). Here he proposed creating agricultural cities of 20,000 people divided into nine autonomous units and surrounded by agricultural areas. Each city was to be fully autonomous and self-sufficient, with detailed plans for daily living and urban amenities provided. Unlike other garden city theorists, he believed that urban areas could be reformed by subdividing the existing built environment into self-sufficient neighborhoods. This idea of creating clusters of self-contained neighbourhoods forming a mid-sized city was popularised by Uzō Nishiyama in Japan. It would later be applied in the era of Japanese New Town construction.<ref>Hein, Carola, ''Visionary Plans and Planners. In Japanese Capitals in Historical Perspective'' (Fiévé, Waley eds.) RoutledgeCurzon.</ref>

	When [[Hjalmar Schacht]] took office as Minister of Economics on 2 August 1934, one of his first actions was to fire Feder from his State Secretary post.<ref>{{cite book\|last1=Schacht\|first1=Hjalmar\|url=https://www.abebooks.com/9781258016968/Confessions-Old-Wizard-Autobiography-Hjalmar-1258016966/plp\|title=Confessions of the Old Wizard\|date=May 2011\|isbn=978-1258016968\|page=297\|access-date=14 August 2020}}</ref> Feder then served as ''Reichskommissar'' for Settlement until December 1934. He also was a member of [[Hans Frank]]'s Academy for German Law.<ref>Ernst Klee: Das Personenlexikon zum Dritten Reich. Wer war was vor und nach 1945, Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Frankfurt-am-Main, 2007, p. 145.</ref> Feder ended up becoming Professor for Settlement Policy<ref>Mühlberger, Detlef (2004). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=nJzoYxjj8GAC&q=%22professor+for+settlement+policy%22 Hitler's Voice. The Völkischer Beobachter, 1920–1933. Vol. I: Organisation & Development of the NSDAP]''. Bern: Peter Lang AG. p. 28.. Retrieved 15 January 2017.</ref> at the Technische Hochschule Berlin in December 1936.		When [[Hjalmar Schacht]] took office as Minister of Economics on 2 August 1934, one of his first actions was to fire Feder from his State Secretary post.<ref>{{cite book\|last1=Schacht\|first1=Hjalmar\|url=https://www.abebooks.com/9781258016968/Confessions-Old-Wizard-Autobiography-Hjalmar-1258016966/plp\|title=Confessions of the Old Wizard\|date=May 2011\|isbn=978-1258016968\|page=297\|access-date=14 August 2020}}</ref> Feder then served as ''Reichskommissar'' for Settlement until December 1934. He also was a member of [[Hans Frank]]'s Academy for German Law.<ref>Ernst Klee: Das Personenlexikon zum Dritten Reich. Wer war was vor und nach 1945, Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Frankfurt-am-Main, 2007, p. 145.</ref> Feder ended up becoming Professor for Settlement Policy<ref>Mühlberger, Detlef (2004). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=nJzoYxjj8GAC&q=%22professor+for+settlement+policy%22 Hitler's Voice. The Völkischer Beobachter, 1920–1933. Vol. I: Organisation & Development of the NSDAP]''. Bern: Peter Lang AG. p. 28.. Retrieved 15 January 2017.</ref> at the Technische Hochschule Berlin in December 1936.
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	* ''Der ständische Gedanke im Nationalsozialismus'' (''The concept of class in National Socialism'').		* ''Der ständische Gedanke im Nationalsozialismus'' (''The concept of class in National Socialism'').
	* ''Grundriß einer nationalsozialistischen Volkswirtschaftstheorie'' (''Floor plan of a National Socialist economic theory'').		* ''Grundriß einer nationalsozialistischen Volkswirtschaftstheorie'' (''Floor plan of a National Socialist economic theory'').
	* with Ferdinand Werner, [[Ernst Graf zu Reventlow]] and others: ''Das neue Deutschland und die Judenfrage. Diskussionsbeitrag'' (''The new Germany and the ~~Jewish~~ question. Discussion contribution''). Rüdiger (C. E. Krug), Leipzig 1933 (original title: ''Der Jud ist schuld'' (''The ~~Jew~~ is to blame'')).		* with Ferdinand Werner, [[Ernst Graf zu Reventlow]] and others: ''Das neue Deutschland und die Judenfrage. Diskussionsbeitrag'' (''The new Germany and the jewish question. Discussion contribution''). Rüdiger (C. E. Krug), Leipzig 1933 (original title: ''Der Jud ist schuld'' (''The jew is to blame'')).
	* ''Die Juden'' (''The ~~Jews~~''). Central Publisher of the NSDAP, Frz. Rather Nachf., Munich 1933.		* ''Die Juden'' (''The jews''). Central Publisher of the NSDAP, Frz. Rather Nachf., Munich 1933.
	* ''Gewerkschaften, DAF und der Wert des Arbeit'' (''Trade unions, DAF and the value of labor''), 1934.		* ''Gewerkschaften, DAF und der Wert des Arbeit'' (''Trade unions, DAF and the value of labor''), 1934.
	* ''Die neue Stadt. Versuch der Begründung einer neuen Stadtplanungskunst aus der sozialen Struktur der Bevölkerung'' (''The new city. Attempt to establish a new urban planning art from the social structure of the population''). Published by Julius Springer, Berlin 1939.		* ''Die neue Stadt. Versuch der Begründung einer neuen Stadtplanungskunst aus der sozialen Struktur der Bevölkerung'' (''The new city. Attempt to establish a new urban planning art from the social structure of the population''). Published by Julius Springer, Berlin 1939.