Mass killings under Communist regimes - Revision history

𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗹: Text replacement - "\[\[[a-z][a-z]\:(.*)\]\]" to ""

2024-02-29T08:11:00Z

Text replacement - "\[\[[a-z][a-z]\:(.*)\]\]" to ""

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:11, 28 February 2024
Line 65:		Line 65:

	[[Category:Claimed mass killings]]		[[Category:Claimed mass killings]]

	~~[[de:Roter Holohoax]]~~
	~~[[hu:Vörös holokauszt]]~~
	~~[[sv:Kommunismens brott mot mänskligheten]]~~

𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗹: Text replacement - "Holocaust" to "Holohoax"

2024-02-25T08:58:18Z

Text replacement - "Holocaust" to "Holohoax"

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:58, 24 February 2024
Line 30:		Line 30:
	*10,000 by Communist parties not in power and the international Communist movement		*10,000 by Communist parties not in power and the international Communist movement

	As for other controversial mass killings, the estimated numbers vary widely in different sources by different historians.<ref>Soviet Union, Stalin's regime http://necrometrics.com/20c5m.htm#Stalin</ref><ref>People's Republic of China, Mao Zedong's regime http://necrometrics.com/20c5m.htm#Mao</ref> (The exception to this being [[the ~~Holocaust~~]], where "~~Holocaust~~ denial" laws prohibit stating significantly lower numbers than [[six million jews]].)		As for other controversial mass killings, the estimated numbers vary widely in different sources by different historians.<ref>Soviet Union, Stalin's regime http://necrometrics.com/20c5m.htm#Stalin</ref><ref>People's Republic of China, Mao Zedong's regime http://necrometrics.com/20c5m.htm#Mao</ref> (The exception to this being [[the Holohoax]], where "Holohoax denial" laws prohibit stating significantly lower numbers than [[six million jews]].)
	===Negationism and reality===		===Negationism and reality===
	That mass killings occurred is not disputed in academic literature. [[Leftists]] try to downplay the numbers and causes, such as by blaming them on individual leaders, such as [[Stalin]] and [[Mao]], rather than on the Communist ideology itself. However, [[Vladimir Lenin]], the founder of Marxism-Leninism, which at least initially was the official ideology of all Communist states, argued that early leftist revolutionary attempts such as the 1871 "[[Paris Commune]]" had failed in part because the repressions of opponents were insufficiently harsh. He immediately implemented the promised harsh repressions and a "[[Red Terror]]" against suspected opponents once he gained power in Russia, directed also against other far-left individuals and groups with views to some degree deviating from that of Lenin. He also emphasized the importance of a Communist authoritarian "vanguard party" taking absolute control, even if against the wishes of the majority of the population, who were viewed as often not ready for political participation. A new utopian society was to be implemented as soon as possible and any harm done during the radical transformation was seen as minor compared to the envisioned enormous future benefits. As such, it is not surprising that mass killings have characterized all Communist states.		That mass killings occurred is not disputed in academic literature. [[Leftists]] try to downplay the numbers and causes, such as by blaming them on individual leaders, such as [[Stalin]] and [[Mao]], rather than on the Communist ideology itself. However, [[Vladimir Lenin]], the founder of Marxism-Leninism, which at least initially was the official ideology of all Communist states, argued that early leftist revolutionary attempts such as the 1871 "[[Paris Commune]]" had failed in part because the repressions of opponents were insufficiently harsh. He immediately implemented the promised harsh repressions and a "[[Red Terror]]" against suspected opponents once he gained power in Russia, directed also against other far-left individuals and groups with views to some degree deviating from that of Lenin. He also emphasized the importance of a Communist authoritarian "vanguard party" taking absolute control, even if against the wishes of the majority of the population, who were viewed as often not ready for political participation. A new utopian society was to be implemented as soon as possible and any harm done during the radical transformation was seen as minor compared to the envisioned enormous future benefits. As such, it is not surprising that mass killings have characterized all Communist states.
Line 36:		Line 36:
	Communists such as [[Trotskyists]] often argue that Stalin corrupted the Soviet Union and later Communist states originating from the Soviet Union. However, this ignores that many of the problems existed already during the time period when Lenin and [[Trotsky]] were in power (famines, mass executions, labor camps in Siberia, red terror, secret police, and so on).		Communists such as [[Trotskyists]] often argue that Stalin corrupted the Soviet Union and later Communist states originating from the Soviet Union. However, this ignores that many of the problems existed already during the time period when Lenin and [[Trotsky]] were in power (famines, mass executions, labor camps in Siberia, red terror, secret police, and so on).

	The leftist popular mass media rarely mentions or depicts Communist atrocities. Instead, there is enormous attention given to [[the ~~Holocaust~~]], which even if accepting the politically correct version caused much fewer deaths. One argued explanation for this is [[jewish influence]] in the media and jews being influential among the perpetrators during the mass killings in some Communist countries (see [[jews and Communism]]). jews could also be among those killed (although it has been argued often to a lesser extent than many other groups) and mass killings also occurred in Communist countries that did not have any significant jewish presence.		The leftist popular mass media rarely mentions or depicts Communist atrocities. Instead, there is enormous attention given to [[the Holohoax]], which even if accepting the politically correct version caused much fewer deaths. One argued explanation for this is [[jewish influence]] in the media and jews being influential among the perpetrators during the mass killings in some Communist countries (see [[jews and Communism]]). jews could also be among those killed (although it has been argued often to a lesser extent than many other groups) and mass killings also occurred in Communist countries that did not have any significant jewish presence.

	Some of the best know mass deaths due to starvation are the [[Holodomor]] of [[Lazar Kaganovich]] and the Chinese "[[Great Leap Forward]]" of [[Mao]]. There are ongoing disputes regarding if these deaths were deliberately intended and directed against oppositional/disliked groups, were seen as acceptable losses in order to achieve Communist goals such as socializing agriculture, and/or were unintended and due to Communist mismanagement/inefficiency.		Some of the best know mass deaths due to starvation are the [[Holodomor]] of [[Lazar Kaganovich]] and the Chinese "[[Great Leap Forward]]" of [[Mao]]. There are ongoing disputes regarding if these deaths were deliberately intended and directed against oppositional/disliked groups, were seen as acceptable losses in order to achieve Communist goals such as socializing agriculture, and/or were unintended and due to Communist mismanagement/inefficiency.
Line 66:		Line 66:
	[[Category:Claimed mass killings]]		[[Category:Claimed mass killings]]

	[[de:Roter ~~Holocaust~~]]		[[de:Roter Holohoax]]
	[[hu:Vörös holokauszt]]		[[hu:Vörös holokauszt]]
	[[sv:Kommunismens brott mot mänskligheten]]		[[sv:Kommunismens brott mot mänskligheten]]

𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗹: Text replacement - "Category:Mass killings under Communist regimes" to ""

2024-02-22T18:13:41Z

Text replacement - "Category:Mass killings under Communist regimes" to ""

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:13, 22 February 2024
Line 63:		Line 63:

	[[Category:Communism]]		[[Category:Communism]]
	~~[[Category:Mass killings under Communist regimes]]~~
	[[Category:Claimed mass killings]]		[[Category:Claimed mass killings]]

𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗹: Text replacement - "Jew" to "jew"

2024-02-21T01:18:22Z

Text replacement - "Jew" to "jew"

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:18, 20 February 2024
Line 30:		Line 30:
	*10,000 by Communist parties not in power and the international Communist movement		*10,000 by Communist parties not in power and the international Communist movement

	As for other controversial mass killings, the estimated numbers vary widely in different sources by different historians.<ref>Soviet Union, Stalin's regime http://necrometrics.com/20c5m.htm#Stalin</ref><ref>People's Republic of China, Mao Zedong's regime http://necrometrics.com/20c5m.htm#Mao</ref> (The exception to this being [[the Holocaust]], where "Holocaust denial" laws prohibit stating significantly lower numbers than [[six million ~~Jews~~]].)		As for other controversial mass killings, the estimated numbers vary widely in different sources by different historians.<ref>Soviet Union, Stalin's regime http://necrometrics.com/20c5m.htm#Stalin</ref><ref>People's Republic of China, Mao Zedong's regime http://necrometrics.com/20c5m.htm#Mao</ref> (The exception to this being [[the Holocaust]], where "Holocaust denial" laws prohibit stating significantly lower numbers than [[six million jews]].)
	===Negationism and reality===		===Negationism and reality===
	That mass killings occurred is not disputed in academic literature. [[Leftists]] try to downplay the numbers and causes, such as by blaming them on individual leaders, such as [[Stalin]] and [[Mao]], rather than on the Communist ideology itself. However, [[Vladimir Lenin]], the founder of Marxism-Leninism, which at least initially was the official ideology of all Communist states, argued that early leftist revolutionary attempts such as the 1871 "[[Paris Commune]]" had failed in part because the repressions of opponents were insufficiently harsh. He immediately implemented the promised harsh repressions and a "[[Red Terror]]" against suspected opponents once he gained power in Russia, directed also against other far-left individuals and groups with views to some degree deviating from that of Lenin. He also emphasized the importance of a Communist authoritarian "vanguard party" taking absolute control, even if against the wishes of the majority of the population, who were viewed as often not ready for political participation. A new utopian society was to be implemented as soon as possible and any harm done during the radical transformation was seen as minor compared to the envisioned enormous future benefits. As such, it is not surprising that mass killings have characterized all Communist states.		That mass killings occurred is not disputed in academic literature. [[Leftists]] try to downplay the numbers and causes, such as by blaming them on individual leaders, such as [[Stalin]] and [[Mao]], rather than on the Communist ideology itself. However, [[Vladimir Lenin]], the founder of Marxism-Leninism, which at least initially was the official ideology of all Communist states, argued that early leftist revolutionary attempts such as the 1871 "[[Paris Commune]]" had failed in part because the repressions of opponents were insufficiently harsh. He immediately implemented the promised harsh repressions and a "[[Red Terror]]" against suspected opponents once he gained power in Russia, directed also against other far-left individuals and groups with views to some degree deviating from that of Lenin. He also emphasized the importance of a Communist authoritarian "vanguard party" taking absolute control, even if against the wishes of the majority of the population, who were viewed as often not ready for political participation. A new utopian society was to be implemented as soon as possible and any harm done during the radical transformation was seen as minor compared to the envisioned enormous future benefits. As such, it is not surprising that mass killings have characterized all Communist states.
Line 36:		Line 36:
	Communists such as [[Trotskyists]] often argue that Stalin corrupted the Soviet Union and later Communist states originating from the Soviet Union. However, this ignores that many of the problems existed already during the time period when Lenin and [[Trotsky]] were in power (famines, mass executions, labor camps in Siberia, red terror, secret police, and so on).		Communists such as [[Trotskyists]] often argue that Stalin corrupted the Soviet Union and later Communist states originating from the Soviet Union. However, this ignores that many of the problems existed already during the time period when Lenin and [[Trotsky]] were in power (famines, mass executions, labor camps in Siberia, red terror, secret police, and so on).

	The leftist popular mass media rarely mentions or depicts Communist atrocities. Instead, there is enormous attention given to [[the Holocaust]], which even if accepting the politically correct version caused much fewer deaths. One argued explanation for this is [[~~Jewish~~ influence]] in the media and ~~Jews~~ being influential among the perpetrators during the mass killings in some Communist countries (see [[~~Jews~~ and Communism]]). ~~Jews~~ could also be among those killed (although it has been argued often to a lesser extent than many other groups) and mass killings also occurred in Communist countries that did not have any significant ~~Jewish~~ presence.		The leftist popular mass media rarely mentions or depicts Communist atrocities. Instead, there is enormous attention given to [[the Holocaust]], which even if accepting the politically correct version caused much fewer deaths. One argued explanation for this is [[jewish influence]] in the media and jews being influential among the perpetrators during the mass killings in some Communist countries (see [[jews and Communism]]). jews could also be among those killed (although it has been argued often to a lesser extent than many other groups) and mass killings also occurred in Communist countries that did not have any significant jewish presence.

	Some of the best know mass deaths due to starvation are the [[Holodomor]] of [[Lazar Kaganovich]] and the Chinese "[[Great Leap Forward]]" of [[Mao]]. There are ongoing disputes regarding if these deaths were deliberately intended and directed against oppositional/disliked groups, were seen as acceptable losses in order to achieve Communist goals such as socializing agriculture, and/or were unintended and due to Communist mismanagement/inefficiency.		Some of the best know mass deaths due to starvation are the [[Holodomor]] of [[Lazar Kaganovich]] and the Chinese "[[Great Leap Forward]]" of [[Mao]]. There are ongoing disputes regarding if these deaths were deliberately intended and directed against oppositional/disliked groups, were seen as acceptable losses in order to achieve Communist goals such as socializing agriculture, and/or were unintended and due to Communist mismanagement/inefficiency.

𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗹: Text replacement - "{{reflist}}" to "{{reflist|2}}"

2024-02-07T12:31:58Z

Text replacement - "{{reflist}}" to "{{reflist|2}}"

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:31, 7 February 2024
Line 60:		Line 60:

	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist\|2}}

	[[Category:Communism]]		[[Category:Communism]]

𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗹: Text replacement - "File:(.*).jpg" to "File:$1.png"

2024-02-04T09:55:44Z

Text replacement - "File:(.*).jpg" to "File:$1.png"

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:55, 4 February 2024
Line 1:		Line 1:
	[[File:Katyn massacre.~~jpg~~\|thumb\|300px\|In the spring of 1940, [[Stalin]]'s [[NKVD]] executed 22,000 Polish officers, ensigns and state officials near the Russian village of Katyn and other places ([[Katyn Massacre]]).]]		[[File:Katyn massacre.png\|thumb\|300px\|In the spring of 1940, [[Stalin]]'s [[NKVD]] executed 22,000 Polish officers, ensigns and state officials near the Russian village of Katyn and other places ([[Katyn Massacre]]).]]
	'''Mass killings under Communist regimes''' refers to mass killings occurring under [[Communist]] regimes. [[Leftist]] [[Wikipedia]] has been criticized for censorship and bias regarding articles on communism, in particular regarding the mass killings.<ref>Inside Wikipedia's leftist bias: socialism pages whitewashed, communist atrocities buried https://www.foxnews.com/politics/wikipedia-bias-socialism-pages-whitewashed</ref>		'''Mass killings under Communist regimes''' refers to mass killings occurring under [[Communist]] regimes. [[Leftist]] [[Wikipedia]] has been criticized for censorship and bias regarding articles on communism, in particular regarding the mass killings.<ref>Inside Wikipedia's leftist bias: socialism pages whitewashed, communist atrocities buried https://www.foxnews.com/politics/wikipedia-bias-socialism-pages-whitewashed</ref>

𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗹: 1 revision imported

2024-02-04T03:43:42Z

1 revision imported

← Older revision	Revision as of 18:43, 3 February 2024
(No difference)

en>Crusader at 20:35, 2 September 2023

2023-09-02T20:35:09Z

New page

[[File:Katyn massacre.jpg|thumb|300px|In the spring of 1940, [[Stalin]]'s [[NKVD]] executed 22,000 Polish officers, ensigns and state officials near the Russian village of Katyn and other places ([[Katyn Massacre]]).]]
'''Mass killings under Communist regimes''' refers to mass killings occurring under [[Communist]] regimes. [[Leftist]] [[Wikipedia]] has been criticized for censorship and bias regarding articles on communism, in particular regarding the mass killings.<ref>Inside Wikipedia's leftist bias: socialism pages whitewashed, communist atrocities buried https://www.foxnews.com/politics/wikipedia-bias-socialism-pages-whitewashed</ref>

==History==
{{Template:The left and violence}}
''[[The Black Book of Communism]]'' (1997), published by Harvard University Press in the United States, states in its introduction that 94 million died due to Communism. This includes 20 million deaths in the [[Soviet Union]] alone from causes such as
*execution of tens of thousands of hostages and prisoners without trial, and killing of hundreds of thousands or rebellious workers and peasants from 1918 to 1922
*the mass starvation of 1922 causing five million deaths due to "[[War Communism]]" policies
*the extermination and deportation of the Don [[Cossacks]] in 1920
*killing of tens of thousands in concentration camps from 1918 to 1930 (the [[Gulag]] system after 1930 caused millions of deaths)
*killing of 690,00 during the [[Great Purge]]
*deportation of 2 million [[kulak]]s and so-called kulaks) in 1930–1932
*deaths of 4 million Ukrainians and 2 million others during the mass starvation of 1932–1933 (the [[Holodomor]])
*the [[Katyn Massacre]]
*deportation of hundreds of thousands of Poles, Ukrainians, Balts, Moldovans and Bessarabians in 1939–1941 and 1944–1945
*deportation of the [[Volga Germans]] in 1941
*deportation of the Crimean [[Tatars]] in 1943
*deportation of the [[Chechens]] in 1944
*deportation of the [[Ingush]] in 1944

The book also states
*65 million deaths in the [[People’s Republic of China]], many in the mass starvation associated with the "[[Great Leap Forward]]"
*1 million in [[Vietnam]]
*2 million in [[North Korea]]
*2 million in [[Cambodia]] (one fourth of the population)
*1 million in [[Eastern Europe]]
*150,000 in [[Latin America]]
*1.7 million in Africa
*1.5 million in [[Afghanistan]]
*10,000 by Communist parties not in power and the international Communist movement

As for other controversial mass killings, the estimated numbers vary widely in different sources by different historians.<ref>Soviet Union, Stalin's regime http://necrometrics.com/20c5m.htm#Stalin</ref><ref>People's Republic of China, Mao Zedong's regime http://necrometrics.com/20c5m.htm#Mao</ref> (The exception to this being [[the Holocaust]], where "Holocaust denial" laws prohibit stating significantly lower numbers than [[six million Jews]].)
===Negationism and reality===
That mass killings occurred is not disputed in academic literature. [[Leftists]] try to downplay the numbers and causes, such as by blaming them on individual leaders, such as [[Stalin]] and [[Mao]], rather than on the Communist ideology itself. However, [[Vladimir Lenin]], the founder of Marxism-Leninism, which at least initially was the official ideology of all Communist states, argued that early leftist revolutionary attempts such as the 1871 "[[Paris Commune]]" had failed in part because the repressions of opponents were insufficiently harsh. He immediately implemented the promised harsh repressions and a "[[Red Terror]]" against suspected opponents once he gained power in Russia, directed also against other far-left individuals and groups with views to some degree deviating from that of Lenin. He also emphasized the importance of a Communist authoritarian "vanguard party" taking absolute control, even if against the wishes of the majority of the population, who were viewed as often not ready for political participation. A new utopian society was to be implemented as soon as possible and any harm done during the radical transformation was seen as minor compared to the envisioned enormous future benefits. As such, it is not surprising that mass killings have characterized all Communist states.

Communists such as [[Trotskyists]] often argue that Stalin corrupted the Soviet Union and later Communist states originating from the Soviet Union. However, this ignores that many of the problems existed already during the time period when Lenin and [[Trotsky]] were in power (famines, mass executions, labor camps in Siberia, red terror, secret police, and so on).

The leftist popular mass media rarely mentions or depicts Communist atrocities. Instead, there is enormous attention given to [[the Holocaust]], which even if accepting the politically correct version caused much fewer deaths. One argued explanation for this is [[Jewish influence]] in the media and Jews being influential among the perpetrators during the mass killings in some Communist countries (see [[Jews and Communism]]). Jews could also be among those killed (although it has been argued often to a lesser extent than many other groups) and mass killings also occurred in Communist countries that did not have any significant Jewish presence.

Some of the best know mass deaths due to starvation are the [[Holodomor]] of [[Lazar Kaganovich]] and the Chinese "[[Great Leap Forward]]" of [[Mao]]. There are ongoing disputes regarding if these deaths were deliberately intended and directed against oppositional/disliked groups, were seen as acceptable losses in order to achieve Communist goals such as socializing agriculture, and/or were unintended and due to Communist mismanagement/inefficiency.

See also the article on [[The World Wars and mass starvation]] on the Soviet [[scorched-earth]] policy contributing to mass starvation and mass deaths during WWII.

Affected groups have varied. [[Red Terror]] often targeted suspected political opponents and members of former, now suspected hostile, elites. Sometimes entire suspected hostile groups, such as ethnic groups were targeted, causing [[genocides]]. Sometimes groups such as "intellectuals", successful peasants, and other successful groups were targeted, often causing great harm to society more generally. The poor were likely particularly affected by the mass starvations and other general hardships. In all cases, many were likely killed for other reasons, such as personal grudges and for personal gain.

==See also==
* [[Genocide]]
* [[Great Purge]]
* [[Stalinist crimes (negationism)]]

==Further reading==
* R. J. Rummel: [https://web.archive.org/web/20221023192432/https://hawaii.edu/powerkills/COM.ART.HTM ''How many did communist regimes murder?''], November 1993

== External links ==
*[http://www.communistcrimes.org/en/ Communist Crimes]
*[http://www.museumoncommunism.org/ Museum on Communism]

=== Wikipedia ===
*[https://www.foxnews.com/politics/wikipedia-bias-socialism-pages-whitewashed Inside Wikipedia's leftist bias: socialism pages whitewashed, communist atrocities buried]

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Communism]]
[[Category:Mass killings under Communist regimes]]
[[Category:Claimed mass killings]]

[[de:Roter Holocaust]]
[[hu:Vörös holokauszt]]
[[sv:Kommunismens brott mot mänskligheten]]