Napoleon III of France - Revision history

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	[[File:308px-Franz Xaver Winterhalter Napoleon III.~~jpg~~\|thumb\|300px\|Napoleon III, the nephew of Napoleon I, grew up in exile — [https://de.metapedia.org/wiki/Siebter_Koalitionskrieg the year 1815 marked the end of Napoleon I's reign]. However, Napoleon III was determined to regain the French throne. He began his quest in 1832, writing various political and military tracts in an effort to make himself and his ideas known. After a failed coup attempt in 1836, he was exiled again. After the Revolution of 1848, in 1850, Napoleon III was elected president of the Second Republic. He served in that position until 1852, when he was made emperor—a position he held until 1870, when the disastrous [[Franco-German War]] led to his capture. He was deposed and sent to England, where he died in 1873.]]		[[File:308px-Franz Xaver Winterhalter Napoleon III.png\|thumb\|300px\|Napoleon III, the nephew of Napoleon I, grew up in exile — [https://de.metapedia.org/wiki/Siebter_Koalitionskrieg the year 1815 marked the end of Napoleon I's reign]. However, Napoleon III was determined to regain the French throne. He began his quest in 1832, writing various political and military tracts in an effort to make himself and his ideas known. After a failed coup attempt in 1836, he was exiled again. After the Revolution of 1848, in 1850, Napoleon III was elected president of the Second Republic. He served in that position until 1852, when he was made emperor—a position he held until 1870, when the disastrous [[Franco-German War]] led to his capture. He was deposed and sent to England, where he died in 1873.]]
	'''Charles-Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte''' or '''Napoleon III''' (b. 20 April 1808 in Paris, France; d. 9 January 1873 in Chislehurst, England), also known as '''Louis-Napoléon''', was a nephew of [[Napoleon I]], President of the French Second Republic (1850–52), and then Emperor of the French (1852–71), until their defeat in the [[Franco-German War]] (1870–71).		'''Charles-Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte''' or '''Napoleon III''' (b. 20 April 1808 in Paris, France; d. 9 January 1873 in Chislehurst, England), also known as '''Louis-Napoléon''', was a nephew of [[Napoleon I]], President of the French Second Republic (1850–52), and then Emperor of the French (1852–71), until their defeat in the [[Franco-German War]] (1870–71).

	==Life==		==Life==
	[[File:Bismarck-und-napoleon-iii.~~jpg~~\|thumb\|300px\|Major-General [[Otto von Bismarck]] (right) and Napoleon III after the latter's capture in front of the meeting house at Sedan (a weaver's cottage in Donchery) during the [[Franco-Prussian War]], depending on the source on 1 or 2 September 1870.]]		[[File:Bismarck-und-napoleon-iii.png\|thumb\|300px\|Major-General [[Otto von Bismarck]] (right) and Napoleon III after the latter's capture in front of the meeting house at Sedan (a weaver's cottage in Donchery) during the [[Franco-Prussian War]], depending on the source on 1 or 2 September 1870.]]
	Born in 1808 on [[April 20]] the son of [[Louis Bonaparte]] whose brother was Emperor [[Napoleon I]], and his mother, Hortense Eugénie Cécile Bonaparte. During Napoleon III's reign, France was involved in the [[Crimean War]] as an ally of both the [[Ottoman Empire]] and Great Britain]], and fought against the [[Austrian Empire]] at the Battle of Solferino (referred to in [[Italy]] as the Battle of Solferino and San Martino) on 24 June 1859 which resulted in a victory for the allied French Army under Napoleon III and a Piedmont-Sardinian Army under [[Victor Emmanuel II]] (known as the Franco-Sardinian Alliance), with superior numbers, against the Austrian Army under Emperor [[Franz Joseph I]]. It was the last major battle in world history where all the armies were under the personal command of their monarchs. France also fought along side the [[British]] in the [[Second Opium War]] against [[China]] (1856-1860), and occupied [[Mexico]] (1861-1866) following her debt defaults. During the [[American Civil War]], Napoleon was in favour of the government of the [[Confederate States of America]] and France was one of the first [[European]] powers to recognise the [[CSA]]. However, the victory of the forces of Northern Aggression (the Federal Union) over the Confederacy in 1865 meant the subsequent enforcement of the [[USA]]'s [[Monroe Doctrine]] and the USA now supported militarily the rebels in Mexico. French troops as well as the Imperial Mexican Army were now attacked on all fronts with the weaponry supplied to them by America, making the situation untenable for France (and also for the Emperor [[Maximilian I of Mexico]]), and the French withdrew.		Born in 1808 on [[April 20]] the son of [[Louis Bonaparte]] whose brother was Emperor [[Napoleon I]], and his mother, Hortense Eugénie Cécile Bonaparte. During Napoleon III's reign, France was involved in the [[Crimean War]] as an ally of both the [[Ottoman Empire]] and Great Britain]], and fought against the [[Austrian Empire]] at the Battle of Solferino (referred to in [[Italy]] as the Battle of Solferino and San Martino) on 24 June 1859 which resulted in a victory for the allied French Army under Napoleon III and a Piedmont-Sardinian Army under [[Victor Emmanuel II]] (known as the Franco-Sardinian Alliance), with superior numbers, against the Austrian Army under Emperor [[Franz Joseph I]]. It was the last major battle in world history where all the armies were under the personal command of their monarchs. France also fought along side the [[British]] in the [[Second Opium War]] against [[China]] (1856-1860), and occupied [[Mexico]] (1861-1866) following her debt defaults. During the [[American Civil War]], Napoleon was in favour of the government of the [[Confederate States of America]] and France was one of the first [[European]] powers to recognise the [[CSA]]. However, the victory of the forces of Northern Aggression (the Federal Union) over the Confederacy in 1865 meant the subsequent enforcement of the [[USA]]'s [[Monroe Doctrine]] and the USA now supported militarily the rebels in Mexico. French troops as well as the Imperial Mexican Army were now attacked on all fronts with the weaponry supplied to them by America, making the situation untenable for France (and also for the Emperor [[Maximilian I of Mexico]]), and the French withdrew.

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	==References==		==References==
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