Religious naturalism - Revision history

𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗹: Text replacement - "Jew" to "jew"

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	*Universal Pantheist Society founded 1975 – ''Pantheism is an intercepting concept with religious naturalism''<ref name="Jerome A page 10">Jerome A. Stone – ''Religious Naturalism Today: The Rebirth of a Forgotten Alternative'', State U. of New York Press, page 10 (Dec 2008)</ref>		*Universal Pantheist Society founded 1975 – ''Pantheism is an intercepting concept with religious naturalism''<ref name="Jerome A page 10">Jerome A. Stone – ''Religious Naturalism Today: The Rebirth of a Forgotten Alternative'', State U. of New York Press, page 10 (Dec 2008)</ref>
	*Congregation Beth Or, a [[jewish]] congregation near Chicago led by Rabbi David Oler<ref name="Jerome A page 221">Jerome A. Stone – ''Religious Naturalism Today: The Rebirth of a Forgotten Alternative'', State U. of New York Press, page 221 (Dec 2008)</ref>		*Congregation Beth Or, a [[jewish]] congregation near Chicago led by Rabbi David Oler<ref name="Jerome A page 221">Jerome A. Stone – ''Religious Naturalism Today: The Rebirth of a Forgotten Alternative'', State U. of New York Press, page 221 (Dec 2008)</ref>
	*Congregation of Beth Adam in Loveland Ohio led by Rabbi Robert Barr<ref>[http://www.religiousnaturalism.org/Perspectives_on_Religious_Naturalism.html A ~~Jewish~~ Perspective] {{webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090117012011/http://www.religiousnaturalism.org/Perspectives_on_Religious_Naturalism.html \|date=2009-01-17 }} retrieved 2/15/2010</ref>		*Congregation of Beth Adam in Loveland Ohio led by Rabbi Robert Barr<ref>[http://www.religiousnaturalism.org/Perspectives_on_Religious_Naturalism.html A jewish Perspective] {{webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090117012011/http://www.religiousnaturalism.org/Perspectives_on_Religious_Naturalism.html \|date=2009-01-17 }} retrieved 2/15/2010</ref>
	*Pastor Ian Lawton, minister at the Christ Community Church in Spring Lake, West Michigan and Center for Progressive Christianity<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www396.ssldomain.com/tcpc/about/bio.cfm?person_id=238 \|title=Ian Lawton \|publisher=Center for Progressive Christianity \|accessdate=29 November 2010 \|deadurl=yes \|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716125337/https://www396.ssldomain.com/tcpc/about/bio.cfm?person_id=238 \|archivedate=16 July 2011 \|df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|url=http://religiousnaturalism2.ning.com/profile/IanLawton?xg_source=profiles_memberList \|title=Ian Lawton's Page }}</ref>		*Pastor Ian Lawton, minister at the Christ Community Church in Spring Lake, West Michigan and Center for Progressive Christianity<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www396.ssldomain.com/tcpc/about/bio.cfm?person_id=238 \|title=Ian Lawton \|publisher=Center for Progressive Christianity \|accessdate=29 November 2010 \|deadurl=yes \|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716125337/https://www396.ssldomain.com/tcpc/about/bio.cfm?person_id=238 \|archivedate=16 July 2011 \|df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|url=http://religiousnaturalism2.ning.com/profile/IanLawton?xg_source=profiles_memberList \|title=Ian Lawton's Page }}</ref>

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	{{Nopic}}		{{Nopic}}

	'''Religious naturalism''' combines a [[Naturalism\|naturalist worldview]] with perceptions and values commonly associated with religions.<ref>Jerome Stone, Religious Naturalism Today, SUNY Press 2008, page 1</ref><ref>Michael S. Hogue, The Promise of Religious Naturalism, Rowman & Littlefield 2010, pages xix-xx</ref> In this, "religious" is understood in general terms, separate from established traditions, in designating feelings and concerns (e.g. gratitude, wonder, humility, compassion) that are often described as spiritual or religious.<ref>Varadaraja V. Raman, Book-jacket review of Loyal Rue's "Nature is Enough", SUNY Press 2012</ref><ref>Loyal Rue, Nature is Enough, SUNY Press 2012, page 114</ref><ref>Michael Cavanaugh, "What is Religious Naturalism?", Zygon 2000, page 242</ref> Naturalism refers to a view that the natural world is all we have substantiated reason to believe exists, and there is no substantiated reason to believe that anything else, including deities, exists or may act in ways that are independent of the natural order.<ref>Loyal Rue, Nature is Enough, SUNY Press 2012, page 91</ref><ref>Wesley Wildman. Religious Naturalism: What It Can Be, and What It Need Not Be. Page 36</ref>		'''Religious naturalism''' combines a [[Naturalism\|naturalist worldview]] with perceptions and values commonly associated with religions.<ref>Jerome Stone, Religious Naturalism Today, SUNY Press 2008, page 1</ref><ref>Michael S. Hogue, The Promise of Religious Naturalism, Rowman & Littlefield 2010, pages xix-xx</ref> In this, "religious" is understood in general terms, separate from established traditions, in designating feelings and concerns (e.g. gratitude, wonder, humility, compassion) that are often described as spiritual or religious.<ref>Varadaraja V. Raman, Book-jacket review of Loyal Rue's "Nature is Enough", SUNY Press 2012</ref><ref>Loyal Rue, Nature is Enough, SUNY Press 2012, page 114</ref><ref>Michael Cavanaugh, "What is Religious Naturalism?", Zygon 2000, page 242</ref> Naturalism refers to a view that the natural world is all we have substantiated [[reason]] to believe exists, and there is no substantiated [[reason]] to believe that anything else, including deities, exists or may act in ways that are independent of the natural order.<ref>Loyal Rue, Nature is Enough, SUNY Press 2012, page 91</ref><ref>Wesley Wildman. Religious Naturalism: What It Can Be, and What It Need Not Be. Page 36</ref>

	Areas of inquiry include attempts to understand the natural world and the spiritual and moral implications of naturalist views.<ref name="ReferenceA">Ursula Goodenough, NPR 13.7 Blog, November 23, 2014: What is religious naturalism?</ref> Understanding is based in knowledge obtained through scientific inquiry and insights from the humanities and the arts.<ref>Michael S. Hogue. Religion Without God: An Essay on Religious Naturalism. The Fourth R 27:3 (Spring 2014)</ref> Religious naturalists use these perspectives in responding to personal and social challenges (e.g. finding purpose, seeking justice, coming to terms with mortality) and in relating to the natural world.<ref name="ReferenceA"/>		Areas of inquiry include attempts to understand the natural world and the spiritual and moral implications of naturalist views.<ref name="ReferenceA">Ursula Goodenough, NPR 13.7 Blog, November 23, 2014: What is religious naturalism?</ref> Understanding is based in knowledge obtained through scientific inquiry and insights from the humanities and the arts.<ref>Michael S. Hogue. Religion Without God: An Essay on Religious Naturalism. The Fourth R 27:3 (Spring 2014)</ref> Religious naturalists use these perspectives in responding to personal and social challenges (e.g. finding purpose, seeking justice, coming to terms with mortality) and in relating to the natural world.<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
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	* A spiritual sense (which may include a sense of mystery or wonder or feelings of reverence or awe in response to the scope and power and beauty of the natural world)		* A spiritual sense (which may include a sense of mystery or wonder or feelings of reverence or awe in response to the scope and power and beauty of the natural world)
	* A moral sense (with compassion, desire for justice, and attempts to do what is right – with respect to other people, other creatures, and the natural environment)		* A moral sense (with compassion, desire for justice, and attempts to do what is right – with respect to other people, other creatures, and the natural environment)
	As the source of all that is and the reason why all things are as they are, the natural world may be seen as being of ultimate importance.<ref>Donald Crosby. Living with Ambiguity: Religious Naturalism and the Menace of Evil, SUNY Press, 2008, page ix-x</ref>		As the source of all that is and the [[reason]] why all things are as they are, the natural world may be seen as being of ultimate importance.<ref>Donald Crosby. Living with Ambiguity: Religious Naturalism and the Menace of Evil, SUNY Press, 2008, page ix-x</ref>

	As in other religious orientations, religious naturalism includes '''a central story''' – a modern creation myth – to describe ourselves and our place in the world. This begins with the Big Bang and the emergence of galaxies, stars, planets, and life, and evolution that led to the presence of human beings. As this gives insight into who we are and how we came to be, religious naturalists look to the natural world (the source of our intelligence and inclinations) for information and insights that may help us to understand and respond to important questions:		As in other religious orientations, religious naturalism includes '''a central story''' – a modern creation myth – to describe ourselves and our place in the world. This begins with the Big Bang and the emergence of galaxies, stars, planets, and life, and evolution that led to the presence of human beings. As this gives insight into who we are and how we came to be, religious naturalists look to the natural world (the source of our intelligence and inclinations) for information and insights that may help us to understand and respond to important questions:

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	*Approach matters of morality, ethics and value with a focus on how the world works, with a deep concern for fairness and the welfare of all humans regardless of their station in life.		*Approach matters of morality, ethics and value with a focus on how the world works, with a deep concern for fairness and the welfare of all humans regardless of their station in life.
	*Seek to integrate these interpretative, spiritual and ethical responses in a manner that respects diverse religious and philosophical perspectives, while still subjecting them and itself to rigorous scrutiny.		*Seek to integrate these interpretative, spiritual and ethical responses in a manner that respects diverse religious and philosophical perspectives, while still subjecting them and itself to rigorous scrutiny.
	*The focus on scientific standards of evidence imbues RN with the humility inherent in scientific inquiry and its limited, albeit ever deepening, ability to describe reality (see [[Epistemology]]).		*The focus on scientific standards of evidence imbues RN with the humility inherent in scientific inquiry and its limited, albeit ever deepening, ability to describe [[reality]] (see [[Epistemology]]).
	*A strong environmental ethic for the welfare of the planet Earth and humanity.		*A strong environmental ethic for the welfare of the planet Earth and humanity.
	*Belief in the sacredness of life and the evolutionary process		*Belief in the sacredness of life and the evolutionary process

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	Naturalism is the "idea or belief that only natural (as opposed to [[Supernaturalism\|supernatural]] or [[Spiritualism\|spiritual]]) laws and forces operate in the world".<ref>Oxford English Dictionary Online [http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/125337?redirectedFrom=naturalism naturalism]</ref>		Naturalism is the "idea or belief that only natural (as opposed to [[Supernaturalism\|supernatural]] or [[Spiritualism\|spiritual]]) laws and forces operate in the world".<ref>Oxford English Dictionary Online [http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/125337?redirectedFrom=naturalism naturalism]</ref>

	All forms of religious naturalism, being [[Naturalism\|naturalistic]] in their basic beliefs, assert that the natural world is the center of our most significant experiences and understandings. Consequently, nature is considered as the ultimate value in assessing one's being. Religious naturalists, despite having followed differing cultural and individual paths, affirm the human need for meaning and value in their lives. ~~They~~ draw on two fundamental convictions in those quests: the sense of Nature's richness, spectacular complexity, and fertility, and the recognition that Nature is the only realm in which people live out their lives. Humans are considered interconnected parts of Nature.		All forms of religious naturalism, being [[Naturalism\|naturalistic]] in their basic beliefs, assert that the natural world is the center of our most significant experiences and understandings. Consequently, nature is considered as the ultimate value in assessing one's being. Religious naturalists, despite having followed differing cultural and individual paths, affirm the human need for meaning and value in their lives. they draw on two fundamental convictions in those quests: the sense of Nature's richness, spectacular complexity, and fertility, and the recognition that Nature is the only realm in which people live out their lives. Humans are considered interconnected parts of Nature.

	[[Science]] is a fundamental, indispensable component of the paradigm of religious naturalism. It relies on mainstream science to reinforce religious and spiritual perspectives. Science is the primary interpretive tool for religious naturalism, because, scientific methods are thought to provide the most reliable understanding of Nature and the world, including human nature.		[[Science]] is a fundamental, indispensable component of the paradigm of religious naturalism. It relies on mainstream science to reinforce religious and spiritual perspectives. Science is the primary interpretive tool for religious naturalism, because, scientific methods are thought to provide the most reliable understanding of Nature and the world, including human nature.
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	[[Zeno of Citium\|Zeno]] (c. 334 – c. 262 BC, a founder of [[Stoicism]]) said:		[[Zeno of Citium\|Zeno]] (c. 334 – c. 262 BC, a founder of [[Stoicism]]) said:
	{{quote\|All things are parts of one single system, which is called Nature ... Virtue consists in a will which is in agreement with Nature.<ref>{{cite book \|author=Sharon M. Kaye \|author2=Paul Thomson \|title= Philosophy for Teens: Questioning Life's Big Ideas, \|publisher=Prufrock Press Inc. \|date=2006 \|page=72 \|isbn= 9781593632021}}</ref>}}		{{quote\|All things are parts of one single system, which is called Nature ... Virtue consists in a will which is in agreement with Nature.<ref>{{cite book \|author=Sharon M. Kaye \|author2=Paul Thomson \|title= Philosophy for Teens: Questioning Life's Big Ideas, \|publisher=Prufrock Press Inc. \|date=2006 \|page=72 \|isbn= 9781593632021}}</ref>}}
	Views consistent with religious naturalism can be seen in ancient Daoist texts (e.g., Dao De Jing) and some Hindu views (such as God as Nirguṇa Brahman, God without attributes). ~~They~~ may also be seen in Western images that do not focus on active, personal aspects of God, such as [[Thomas Aquinas]]' view of God as Pure Act, [[Augustine]]'s God as Being Itself, and Paul Tillich's view of God as Ground of Being. As Wesley Wildman has described, views consistent with RN have long existed as part of the underside of major religious traditions, often quietly and sometimes in mystical strands or intellectual sub-traditions, by practitioners who are not drawn to supernatural claims.<ref>Wildman, Wesley. Religious Naturalism: What It Can Be, and What It Need Not Be. Philosophy, Theology, and the Sciences. 1(1). 2014. Pages 49-51.</ref>		Views consistent with religious naturalism can be seen in ancient Daoist texts (e.g., Dao De Jing) and some Hindu views (such as God as Nirguṇa Brahman, God without attributes). they may also be seen in Western images that do not focus on active, personal aspects of God, such as [[Thomas Aquinas]]' view of God as Pure Act, [[Augustine]]'s God as Being Itself, and Paul Tillich's view of God as Ground of Being. As Wesley Wildman has described, views consistent with RN have long existed as part of the underside of major religious traditions, often quietly and sometimes in mystical strands or intellectual sub-traditions, by practitioners who are not drawn to supernatural claims.<ref>Wildman, Wesley. Religious Naturalism: What It Can Be, and What It Need Not Be. Philosophy, Theology, and the Sciences. 1(1). 2014. Pages 49-51.</ref>

	The earliest uses of the term, religious naturalism, seem to have occurred in the 1800s. In 1846, the ''American Whig Review'' described "a seeming 'religious naturalism'",<ref>{{cite book \|author=George Hooker Colton \|author2=James Davenport Whelpley \|title=The American Review: A Whig Journal, Devoted to Politics and Literature \|date= 1846 \|page= 282 \|url=https://books.google.com/?id=jqzxIayzYN8C&pg=PA282&vq=religious+naturalism&dq=religious+naturalism+date:1840-1850 }}</ref> In 1869, American Unitarian Association literature adjudged:"Religious naturalism differs from this mainly in the fact that it extends the domain of nature farther outward into space and time. ...It never transcends nature".<ref>{{cite book \|url=http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89097267090;view=1up;seq=26 \|title=Athanasia \|publisher=American Unitarian Association \|date=1870 \|page= 6}}</ref> Ludwig Feuerbach wrote that religious naturalism was "the acknowledgment of the Divine in Nature" and also "an element of the Christian religion", but by no means that religion's definitive "characteristic" or "tendency".<ref>{{cite book \|author=Ludwig Feuerbach \|author2=George Eliot \|title= The Essence of Christianity \|work=Religion \|date= 1881 \|page=103 \|url=		The earliest uses of the term, religious naturalism, seem to have occurred in the 1800s. In 1846, the ''American Whig Review'' described "a seeming 'religious naturalism'",<ref>{{cite book \|author=George Hooker Colton \|author2=James Davenport Whelpley \|title=The American Review: A Whig Journal, Devoted to Politics and Literature \|date= 1846 \|page= 282 \|url=https://books.google.com/?id=jqzxIayzYN8C&pg=PA282&vq=religious+naturalism&dq=religious+naturalism+date:1840-1850 }}</ref> In 1869, American Unitarian Association literature adjudged:"Religious naturalism differs from this mainly in the fact that it extends the domain of nature farther outward into space and time. ...It never transcends nature".<ref>{{cite book \|url=http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89097267090;view=1up;seq=26 \|title=Athanasia \|publisher=American Unitarian Association \|date=1870 \|page= 6}}</ref> Ludwig Feuerbach wrote that religious naturalism was "the acknowledgment of the Divine in Nature" and also "an element of the Christian religion", but by no means that religion's definitive "characteristic" or "tendency".<ref>{{cite book \|author=Ludwig Feuerbach \|author2=George Eliot \|title= The Essence of Christianity \|work=Religion \|date= 1881 \|page=103 \|url=
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	The literature related to religious naturalism includes many variations in conceptual framing. This reflects individual takes on various issues, to some extent various schools of thought, such as basic [[naturalism]], [[religious humanism]], [[pantheism]], [[panentheism]], and [[spiritual naturalism]] that have had time on the conceptual stage, and to some extent differing ways of characterizing nature.		The literature related to religious naturalism includes many variations in conceptual framing. This reflects individual takes on various issues, to some extent various schools of thought, such as basic [[naturalism]], [[religious humanism]], [[pantheism]], [[panentheism]], and [[spiritual naturalism]] that have had time on the conceptual stage, and to some extent differing ways of characterizing nature.

	Current discussion often relates to the issue of whether belief in a God or God-language and associated concepts have any place in a framework that treats the physical universe as its essential frame of reference and the methods of science as providing the preeminent means for determining what nature is. There are at least three varieties of religious naturalism, and three similar but somewhat different ways to categorize them. ~~They~~ are:		Current discussion often relates to the issue of whether belief in a God or God-language and associated concepts have any place in a framework that treats the physical universe as its essential frame of reference and the methods of science as providing the preeminent means for determining what nature is. There are at least three varieties of religious naturalism, and three similar but somewhat different ways to categorize them. they are:

	:*A kind of naturalism that '''does''' use theological language but fundamentally treats God metaphorically.		:*A kind of naturalism that '''does''' use theological language but fundamentally treats God metaphorically.

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	*Pastor Ian Lawton, minister at the Christ Community Church in Spring Lake, West Michigan and Center for Progressive Christianity<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www396.ssldomain.com/tcpc/about/bio.cfm?person_id=238 \|title=Ian Lawton \|publisher=Center for Progressive Christianity \|accessdate=29 November 2010 \|deadurl=yes \|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716125337/https://www396.ssldomain.com/tcpc/about/bio.cfm?person_id=238 \|archivedate=16 July 2011 \|df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|url=http://religiousnaturalism2.ning.com/profile/IanLawton?xg_source=profiles_memberList \|title=Ian Lawton's Page }}</ref>		*Pastor Ian Lawton, minister at the Christ Community Church in Spring Lake, West Michigan and Center for Progressive Christianity<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www396.ssldomain.com/tcpc/about/bio.cfm?person_id=238 \|title=Ian Lawton \|publisher=Center for Progressive Christianity \|accessdate=29 November 2010 \|deadurl=yes \|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716125337/https://www396.ssldomain.com/tcpc/about/bio.cfm?person_id=238 \|archivedate=16 July 2011 \|df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|url=http://religiousnaturalism2.ning.com/profile/IanLawton?xg_source=profiles_memberList \|title=Ian Lawton's Page }}</ref>

	Religious Naturalism is the focus of classes and conferences at some colleges and theology schools.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Religious Naturalism Resources \|url=http://people.bu.edu/wwildman/relnat/ \|accessdate= September 17, 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=International Congress on Religious Naturalism \|url=http://www.drew.edu/calendar/event/american-philosophy-of-nature-the-fifth-international-congress-on-ecstatic-naturalism/ \|accessdate= September 17, 2015 }}</ref> Articles about religious naturalism have appeared frequently in journals, including Zygon, American Journal of Theology and Philosophy, and the International Journal for Philosophy and Religion.<ref>~~{{cite web name=web search~~ "journal article religious naturalism" \|url=https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=journal+article+%22religious+naturalism%22&hl=en&as_sdt=0&as_vis=1&oi=scholart&sa=X&ved=0CBwQgQMwAGoVChMInqSA1Ib-xwIViXYeCh33EwGs \|accessdate= September 17, 2015}}</ref>		Religious Naturalism is the focus of classes and conferences at some colleges and theology schools.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Religious Naturalism Resources \|url=http://people.bu.edu/wwildman/relnat/ \|accessdate= September 17, 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=International Congress on Religious Naturalism \|url=http://www.drew.edu/calendar/event/american-philosophy-of-nature-the-fifth-international-congress-on-ecstatic-naturalism/ \|accessdate= September 17, 2015 }}</ref> Articles about religious naturalism have appeared frequently in journals, including Zygon, American Journal of Theology and Philosophy, and the International Journal for Philosophy and Religion.<ref> "journal article religious naturalism" \|url=https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=journal+article+%22religious+naturalism%22&hl=en&as_sdt=0&as_vis=1&oi=scholart&sa=X&ved=0CBwQgQMwAGoVChMInqSA1Ib-xwIViXYeCh33EwGs \|accessdate= September 17, 2015</ref>

	==See also==		==See also==

Deleted User: Created page with "{{Nopic}} '''Religious naturalism''' combines a naturalist worldview with perceptions and values commonly associated with religions.Jerome Stone, Religious Naturalism Today, SUNY Press 2008, page 1Michael S. Hogue, The Promise of Religious Naturalism, Rowman & Littlefield 2010, pages xix-xx In this, "religious" is understood in general terms, separate from established traditions, in designating feelings and concerns (e.g. gratitude,..."

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Created page with "{{Nopic}} '''Religious naturalism''' combines a naturalist worldview with perceptions and values commonly associated with religions.<ref>Jerome Stone, Religious Naturalism Today, SUNY Press 2008, page 1</ref><ref>Michael S. Hogue, The Promise of Religious Naturalism, Rowman & Littlefield 2010, pages xix-xx</ref> In this, "religious" is understood in general terms, separate from established traditions, in designating feelings and concerns (e.g. gratitude,..."

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