Rudolf Heß - Revision history

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	~~[[de:Heß, Rudolf]]~~
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	~~[[Category:IMT defendants]]~~

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	}}'''Rudolf Walter Richard Heß''' (spelled '''Hess''' in English; 26 April 1894 – 17 August 1987) was a German officer of the [[Imperial German Army]], the [[Freikorps]] and the SS as well as a prominent [[NSDAP]] member and later [[National Socialist Germany]] official. He participated in the failed 1923 [[Munich Putsch]]. [[Adolf Hitler]] dictated ''[[Mein Kampf]]'' to Heß and [[Emil Maurice]], while being in prison for the attempted coup, and Heß participated in the editing. Appointed Deputy Führer to Adolf Hitler in 1933, he served in this position until 1941.		}}'''Rudolf Walter Richard Heß''' (spelled '''Hess''' in English; 26 April 1894 – 17 August 1987) was a German officer of the [[Imperial German Army]], the [[Freikorps]] and the SS as well as a prominent [[NSDAP]] member and later [[National Socialist Germany]] official. He participated in the failed 1923 [[Munich Putsch]]. [[Adolf Hitler]] dictated ''[[Mein Kampf]]'' to Heß and [[Emil Maurice]], while being in prison for the attempted coup, and Heß participated in the editing. Appointed Deputy Führer to Adolf Hitler in 1933, he served in this position until 1941.

	On 10 May 1941, during [[World War II]], he flew solo to Scotland in an attempt to negotiate peace with the [[United Kingdom]]. Allegedly, this was a personal initiative by Heß without official German approval. The proposal was ignored and Heß was taken prisoner. He eventually became a defendant at the [[International Military Tribunal\|Nuremberg Show Trials]] and was sentenced to life imprisonment:<ref>[http://www.ihr.org/jhr/v12/v12p167_Webera.html The Nuremberg Trials and the ~~Holocaust~~]</ref> ''Britain regarded the 40-year imprisonment of one-time leading Nazi Rudolf Hess as a “charade” but knew it would never be able to convince the Soviet Union to set him free, newly declassified documents show.''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220926225306/https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-britain-archives-hess-idUKL2785983520070928 Life imprisonment of Nazi Hess a "charade"], Reuters</ref> He allegedly committed suicide in 1987 in the Spandau Prison. He has become a legendary icon and is known today as the "Martyr of Peace" ({{lang-de\|Märtyrer des Friedens}}).		On 10 May 1941, during [[World War II]], he flew solo to Scotland in an attempt to negotiate peace with the [[United Kingdom]]. Allegedly, this was a personal initiative by Heß without official German approval. The proposal was ignored and Heß was taken prisoner. He eventually became a defendant at the [[International Military Tribunal\|Nuremberg Show Trials]] and was sentenced to life imprisonment:<ref>[http://www.ihr.org/jhr/v12/v12p167_Webera.html The Nuremberg Trials and the Holohoax]</ref> ''Britain regarded the 40-year imprisonment of one-time leading Nazi Rudolf Hess as a “charade” but knew it would never be able to convince the Soviet Union to set him free, newly declassified documents show.''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220926225306/https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-britain-archives-hess-idUKL2785983520070928 Life imprisonment of Nazi Hess a "charade"], Reuters</ref> He allegedly committed suicide in 1987 in the Spandau Prison. He has become a legendary icon and is known today as the "Martyr of Peace" ({{lang-de\|Märtyrer des Friedens}}).

	==Life==		==Life==
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	=== Criticisms of the politically correct view on the peace proposal, the sentencing, and the alleged suicide ===		=== Criticisms of the politically correct view on the peace proposal, the sentencing, and the alleged suicide ===
	Controversy surrounds the peace proposal, what it offered, and if Hitler knew about it. The very strict lifelong imprisonment and "suicide" of Heß have been seen as intended to prevent Heß from revealing circumstances embarrassing for the (Western) Allies. For example, a British acceptance of a German peace proposal may possibly have prevented the later enormous casualties and destruction due to the war, "[[the ~~Holocaust~~]]", and the postwar Communist occupation of and terror in Eastern Europe.		Controversy surrounds the peace proposal, what it offered, and if Hitler knew about it. The very strict lifelong imprisonment and "suicide" of Heß have been seen as intended to prevent Heß from revealing circumstances embarrassing for the (Western) Allies. For example, a British acceptance of a German peace proposal may possibly have prevented the later enormous casualties and destruction due to the war, "[[the Holohoax]]", and the postwar Communist occupation of and terror in Eastern Europe.

	The official National Socialist rejection of Heß and the peace proposal (once it failed) may have been due to the peace proposal containing sensitive details, such as a proposed alliance against the Soviet Union, which was at this time a German ally. Regardless of the above theories are correct or not, the lifelong imprisonment of Heß has been seen as a particularly unjust part of the [[Nuremberg trials]]. British historian A.J.P. Taylor once summed up the arguments for the injustice of the Hess case:		The official National Socialist rejection of Heß and the peace proposal (once it failed) may have been due to the peace proposal containing sensitive details, such as a proposed alliance against the Soviet Union, which was at this time a German ally. Regardless of the above theories are correct or not, the lifelong imprisonment of Heß has been seen as a particularly unjust part of the [[Nuremberg trials]]. British historian A.J.P. Taylor once summed up the arguments for the injustice of the Hess case:

	: "''Hess came to this country in 1941 as an ambassador of peace. He came with the ... intention of restoring peace between Great Britain and Germany. He acted in good faith. He fell into our hands and was quite unjustly treated as a prisoner of war. After the war, we should have released him. Instead, the British government of the time delivered him for sentencing to the International Tribunal at Nuremberg ... No crime has ever been proved against Hess ... As far as the records show, he was never at even one of the secret discussions at which Hitler explained his war plans.''"<ref>Mark Weber. The Nuremberg Trials and the ~~Holocaust~~. Institute for Historical Review. http://www.ihr.org/jhr/v12/v12p167_Webera.html</ref>		: "''Hess came to this country in 1941 as an ambassador of peace. He came with the ... intention of restoring peace between Great Britain and Germany. He acted in good faith. He fell into our hands and was quite unjustly treated as a prisoner of war. After the war, we should have released him. Instead, the British government of the time delivered him for sentencing to the International Tribunal at Nuremberg ... No crime has ever been proved against Hess ... As far as the records show, he was never at even one of the secret discussions at which Hitler explained his war plans.''"<ref>Mark Weber. The Nuremberg Trials and the Holohoax. Institute for Historical Review. http://www.ihr.org/jhr/v12/v12p167_Webera.html</ref>

	Regarding the alleged suicide, his lawyer, Dr Seidl, felt Heß was too old and frail to have managed to kill himself. His son Wolf Rüdiger Heß repeatedly stated that his father had been murdered by the British Secret Intelligence Service, to prevent him from revealing not politcally correct information. In [[David Irving]]s ''Hess: The Missing Years 1941-1945'' ([https://web.archive.org/web/20201031150550/http://www.fpp.co.uk/books/Hess/Hess.pdf 1987 edition]; [https://web.archive.org/web/20220401062408/http://www.fpp.co.uk/books/Hess/Hess_2010.pdf 2010 Classic edition]) one can read:		Regarding the alleged suicide, his lawyer, Dr Seidl, felt Heß was too old and frail to have managed to kill himself. His son Wolf Rüdiger Heß repeatedly stated that his father had been murdered by the British Secret Intelligence Service, to prevent him from revealing not politcally correct information. In [[David Irving]]s ''Hess: The Missing Years 1941-1945'' ([https://web.archive.org/web/20201031150550/http://www.fpp.co.uk/books/Hess/Hess.pdf 1987 edition]; [https://web.archive.org/web/20220401062408/http://www.fpp.co.uk/books/Hess/Hess_2010.pdf 2010 Classic edition]) one can read:

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	~~[[Category:the Blood Order]]~~

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	==Reverence==		==Reverence==
	===Wunsiedel===		===Wunsiedel===
	After Heß's death ~~nationalists~~ from Germany and the rest of Europe gathered in Wunsiedel for a memorial march and similar demonstrations took place every year around the anniversary of Heß's death. These gatherings were banned from 1991 to 2000 and ~~nationalists~~ tried to assemble in other cities and countries (such as the Netherlands and Denmark). Demonstrations in Wunsiedel were again legalised in 2001. Over 5,000 ~~nationalists~~ marched in 2003, with around 7,000 in 2004, marking some of the biggest national demonstrations in Germany since 1945. After stricter German legislation regarding demonstrations by ~~nationalists~~ was enacted in March 2005 the demonstrations were banned again.		After Heß's death fascists from Germany and the rest of Europe gathered in Wunsiedel for a memorial march and similar demonstrations took place every year around the anniversary of Heß's death. These gatherings were banned from 1991 to 2000 and fascists tried to assemble in other cities and countries (such as the Netherlands and Denmark). Demonstrations in Wunsiedel were again legalised in 2001. Over 5,000 fascists marched in 2003, with around 7,000 in 2004, marking some of the biggest national demonstrations in Germany since 1945. After stricter German legislation regarding demonstrations by fascists was enacted in March 2005 the demonstrations were banned again.

	===The Queen's Lost Uncle===		===The Queen's Lost Uncle===

Rudolf Heß - Revision history

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