Scottish National Party - Revision history

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	The SNP's policy structure is developed at its Annual National Conference and its regular National Council meetings. There are also regular meetings of its National Assembly which although they do not formally make policy allow for detailed discussion of what party policy should be.		The SNP's policy structure is developed at its Annual National Conference and its regular National Council meetings. There are also regular meetings of its National Assembly which although they do not formally make policy allow for detailed discussion of what party policy should be.

	The party has an active [[Young Scots for Independence\|youth wing]] as well as a [[Federation of Student ~~Nationalists~~\|student wing]]. There is also an [[SNP Trade Union Group]]. There is an independently-owned monthly newspaper, ''[[The Scots Independent]]'', which is highly supportive of the party.		The party has an active [[Young Scots for Independence\|youth wing]] as well as a [[Federation of Student Fascists\|student wing]]. There is also an [[SNP Trade Union Group]]. There is an independently-owned monthly newspaper, ''[[The Scots Independent]]'', which is highly supportive of the party.

	The SNP's leadership is invested in its National Executive Committee (NEC) which is made up of the party's elected office bearers and 10 elected members (voted for at conference). The SNP parliamentarians (Scottish, Westminster and European) and councillors have respresentation on the NEC, as do the Trade Union Group, the youth wing and the student wing.		The SNP's leadership is invested in its National Executive Committee (NEC) which is made up of the party's elected office bearers and 10 elected members (voted for at conference). The SNP parliamentarians (Scottish, Westminster and European) and councillors have respresentation on the NEC, as do the Trade Union Group, the youth wing and the student wing.

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	[[File:Scottish National Party logo.svg\|thumb\|200px]]		[[File:Scottish National Party logo.svg\|thumb\|200px]]
	The '''Scottish National Party''' ('''SNP''') is a [[far-left]], ~~nationalist~~ and socialist [[political party]] which campaigns primarily for [[Scottish independence]].<ref>http://www.snp.org/independence</ref> In the last few decades, the SNP has normally polled the second highest number of votes for a [[Scottish political parties\|political party]] in [[Scotland]], and as a result of the [[Scottish Parliament]] elections in 2007 and 2011 it became the largest party in that chamber.<ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/scotland/6627589.stm</ref>.		The '''Scottish National Party''' ('''SNP''') is a [[far-left]], fascist and socialist [[political party]] which campaigns primarily for [[Scottish independence]].<ref>http://www.snp.org/independence</ref> In the last few decades, the SNP has normally polled the second highest number of votes for a [[Scottish political parties\|political party]] in [[Scotland]], and as a result of the [[Scottish Parliament]] elections in 2007 and 2011 it became the largest party in that chamber.<ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/scotland/6627589.stm</ref>.

	The SNP holds 64 of 128 seats in the [[Scottish Parliament]]<ref>http://www.scottish.parliament.uk/msps/12450.aspx</ref>, 2 of 6 Scottish seats in the [[European Parliament]]<ref>http://www.europarl.org.uk/en/your_meps/uk_meps/scotland-mep.html</ref>, and 56 out of 59 Scottish seats in the [[UK Parliament]]<ref>http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2015-scotland-32635871</ref>, just 4.7% of the UK national vote.<ref>http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/election-2015-32594267?ocid=socialflow_facebook</ref>		The SNP holds 64 of 128 seats in the [[Scottish Parliament]]<ref>http://www.scottish.parliament.uk/msps/12450.aspx</ref>, 2 of 6 Scottish seats in the [[European Parliament]]<ref>http://www.europarl.org.uk/en/your_meps/uk_meps/scotland-mep.html</ref>, and 56 out of 59 Scottish seats in the [[UK Parliament]]<ref>http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2015-scotland-32635871</ref>, just 4.7% of the UK national vote.<ref>http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/election-2015-32594267?ocid=socialflow_facebook</ref>

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	==References==		==References==
	~~<references/>~~		{{Reflist\|2}}

	{{wikipedia}}		{{wikipedia}}

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References

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[[File:Scottish National Party logo.svg|thumb|200px]]
The '''Scottish National Party''' ('''SNP''') is a [[far-left]], nationalist and socialist [[political party]] which campaigns primarily for [[Scottish independence]].<ref>http://www.snp.org/independence</ref> In the last few decades, the SNP has normally polled the second highest number of votes for a [[Scottish political parties|political party]] in [[Scotland]], and as a result of the [[Scottish Parliament]] elections in 2007 and 2011 it became the largest party in that chamber.<ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/scotland/6627589.stm</ref>.

The SNP holds 64 of 128 seats in the [[Scottish Parliament]]<ref>http://www.scottish.parliament.uk/msps/12450.aspx</ref>, 2 of 6 Scottish seats in the [[European Parliament]]<ref>http://www.europarl.org.uk/en/your_meps/uk_meps/scotland-mep.html</ref>, and 56 out of 59 Scottish seats in the [[UK Parliament]]<ref>http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2015-scotland-32635871</ref>, just 4.7% of the UK national vote.<ref>http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/election-2015-32594267?ocid=socialflow_facebook</ref>

The Party has been rocked by innumerable political<ref>https://www.politico.eu/article/scandal-sturgeons-snp-uk-scotland-politics-election/</ref> and financial scandals.<ref>https://www.scottishdailyexpress.co.uk/news/politics/scandal-hit-snp-told-drain-29544165</ref>

The Party supports [[multi-culturalism]] and in March 2023 elected as its current leader, [[Pakistan]]i Humza Yousaf.<ref>https://news.sky.com/story/humza-yousaf-announced-as-new-scottish-national-party-leader-replacing-nicola-sturgeon-12843363</ref><ref>https://www.spectator.co.uk/article/humza-yousafs-election-should-concern-us-all/</ref> He immediately attacked the number of real Scottish people in the country's top jobs asking, in a recorded speech, "Why are there so many white people in government positions in Scotland?"!<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FI3JBBlmej4</ref>

==History==
The SNP was formed in 1934 from the merger of the [[National Party of Scotland]] and the [[Scottish Party]]. The SNP first won a [[UK Parliament|parliamentary]] seat at the [[Motherwell (UK Parliament constituency)|Motherwell by-election]] in 1945, but Dr [[Robert McIntyre]] MP lost the seat at the [[UK general election 1945|general election]] three months later. They next won a seat in 1967, when [[Winnie Ewing]] was the surprise winner of a [[Hamilton by-election, 1967|by-election]] in the previously safe [[British Labour Party|Labour]] seat of [[Hamilton (UK Parliament constituency)|Hamilton]]. This brought the SNP to national prominence, leading to the establishment of the [[Royal Commission on the Constitution (United Kingdom)|Kilbrandon Commission]]. Their high point in UK General Elections thus far was when they polled almost a third of all votes in Scotland at the October 1974 [[United Kingdom]] general election and returned 11 MPs to Westminster, the most MPs they had ever had at that point.

At the UK general election of May 7, 2015, the SNP succeeded in virtually wiping out the [[Labour Party]] and the [[Liberal Democrats Party]] in Scotland, securing 56 of the 59 seats in the UK Parliament at Westminster.

After the 2021 Scottish Parliamentary Elections, the SNP and Scottish Greens entered a coalition which resulted in the appointment of two Green MSP's as junior ministers in the government, delivery of a shared policy platform, and Green support for the government on votes of confidence and supply. This now allows the SNP a majority within the Scottish Parliament and could cause further division in the Union.

==Party organisation==
The SNP consists of local branches of party members. Those branches then form an association in the constituency they represent (unless there is only one branch in the constituency, in which case it forms a Constituency Branch rather than a Constituency Association). There are also eight Regional Associations to which the branches and constituency associations in each can send delegates.

The SNP's policy structure is developed at its Annual National Conference and its regular National Council meetings. There are also regular meetings of its National Assembly which although they do not formally make policy allow for detailed discussion of what party policy should be.

The party has an active [[Young Scots for Independence|youth wing]] as well as a [[Federation of Student Nationalists|student wing]]. There is also an [[SNP Trade Union Group]]. There is an independently-owned monthly newspaper, ''[[The Scots Independent]]'', which is highly supportive of the party.

The SNP's leadership is invested in its National Executive Committee (NEC) which is made up of the party's elected office bearers and 10 elected members (voted for at conference). The SNP parliamentarians (Scottish, Westminster and European) and councillors have respresentation on the NEC, as do the Trade Union Group, the youth wing and the student wing.

According to accounts filed with the [[Electoral Commission (UK)|Electoral Commission]] for the year ending 2004, the party had a membership of 10,854 in 2004, up from 9,450 from 2003. It had income of about £1,300,000 (including [[bequest]]s of just under £300,000) and expenditure of about £1,000,000. <ref>[http://www.electoralcommission.org.uk/templates/search/document.cfm/13253 electoralcommission.org.uk]</ref> A high profile and controversial donor to the party is the founder of [[Stagecoach Group]] [[Brian Souter]].<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/scotland/6462119.stm Stagecoach tycoon donates to SNP]</ref>

By [[January 1]], [[2007]], the party's membership had increased to 12,571<ref>[http://www.snp.org/press-releases/2006/snp-membership-rises "SNP Press Release 2007-01-01"]</ref>, representing a 16% year on year rise since Alex Salmond was elected leader for the second time. This boost in popularity has also been strengthened by a number of recent opinion polls that show support for independence is now on the increase and occasionally outstrips support for the union.<ref>[http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,2090-2351341,00.html "Labour turmoil as Scots back independence"], ''[[The Sunday Times - Scotland]]'', 10 September, 2006</ref><ref>[http://www.yougov.com/archives/pdf/STI060101004_1.pdf YouGov / Sunday Times (Scotland) Survey Results], [[YouGov plc]]</ref>

==Policy platform==
The SNP's policy base is, by and large, in the mainstream [[Europe]]an [[Social democracy|social democratic]] mould. For example, amongst their policies are a commitment to [[unilateral nuclear disarmament]], [[Progressive taxation|progressive personal taxation]] to [[redistribute wealth]] from rich to poor, the eradication of [[poverty]], [[Education in Scotland|free state education]] including support grants for [[higher education]] students, a pay increase for nurses and so on. They are also committed to an [[independent Scotland]] being a full [[Member states of the European Union|member state]] of the [[European Union]], as well as supporting Scottish entry to the [[Euro|single European currency]] at the appropriate [[exchange rate]]. They also stated their opposition to [[NATO]].

Contrary to the expectations of many, the SNP are not an expressly [[republicanism|republican]] party and the general view within the party is that this is an issue secondary to that of Scottish independence. Many SNP members are republicans though, and both the party student and youth wings are expressly so.

The SNP is committed to maintaining an independent Scotland within the [[Commonwealth of Nations]].

==Party ideology==
Although it is widely accepted that the SNP is in modern times a moderate left-of-centre political party, this has not always been the case. From almost the instant the party was born, there have been ideological tensions present within the SNP. This was by and large a product of the way in which the party was formed, as an amalgamation of the left-of-centre [[National Party of Scotland]], and the right-of-centre [[Scottish Party]]. Ideological tensions have largely been resolved over the lifetime of the party.

However, by the 1960s, the party was beginning to be defined ideologically. They had by then established their National Assembly which allowed for discussion of policy and it was producing papers on a host of policy issues that could be described as [[social democratic]]. Also, the emergence of [[William Wolfe]] (universally known as Billy) as a leading figure played a huge role in the SNP defining itself as a left-of-centre [[Social democracy|social-democratic]] party. He recognised the need to do this to challenge the dominant political position of the [[Scottish Labour Party]].

He achieved this in a number of ways: establishing the SNP Trade Union Group; promoting left-of-centre policies; and identifying the SNP with labour campaigns (such as the [[Upper-Clyde Shipbuilders Work-in]] and the attempt of the workers at the Scottish ''[[Daily Express]]'' to run as a [[cooperative]]). It was during Wolfe's period as SNP leader in the 1970s that the SNP became clearly identified as a social-democratic political party.

There were some ideological tensions in the 1970s SNP. The party leadership under Wolfe was determined to keep the party clearly on the left of the [[Politics of Scotland|Scottish political spectrum]], to put them in a position to challenge Labour. However, the party's MPs who in the main represented seats won from the [[Scottish Conservative Party|Conservatives]] were less keen to have the SNP viewed as a left-of-centre alternative to Labour, for fear of losing their seats back to the Conservatives.

There was further ideological strife after 1979 with the [[79 Group]] attempting to move the SNP further to the left, away from being what could be described a 'social-democratic' party, to an expressly 'socialist' party. This brought with it a response from those opposed to this, who desired the SNP to remain a 'broad church' and apart from arguments of left vs. right, in the shape of the [[Campaign for Nationalism in Scotland]].

The 1980s saw the SNP further define itself as a party of The Left, with campaigns against the [[community charge|poll tax]] and so on. They have developed this platform to the stage they are at now: a clear left-wing political party. This has itself not gone without internal criticism from the left of the party who still believe that the party has moderated itself too much.

The ideological tensions inside the SNP are further complicated by the arguments between gradualists and fundamentalists. In essence, gradualists seek to advance Scotland to independence through further devolution, in a 'step by step' strategy (which seems to be working). They tend to be in the moderate left grouping, although much of the [[79 Group]] was gradualist in approach. However, this 79 Group gradualism was as much a reaction against the fundamentalists of the day, many of whom believed the SNP should not take a clear left or right position. The position of fundamentalists within the SNP is further complicated by the fact that modern fundamentalists are unlike the old-style. They tend to be on the left of the party, critical of both the gradualist approach to independence and what they perceive as a moderation of the party's socio-economic policy portfolio.

This grouping of "neo-fundamentalists" have their roots within the [[Jim Sillars]], a former Labour MP, camp inside the SNP.

==European Free Alliance==
The SNP retains close links with [[Plaid Cymru]], with both parties' [[UK MPs|MPs]] co-operating closely with one another. They work as a single group within the [[British House of Commons|House of Commons]], and were involved in joint campaigning during the [[2005 UK General Election|2005 General Election]] campaign. Both parties are part of the [[European Free Alliance]] (EFA). The EFA works with the [[European Green Party]] in order to form a grouping in the [[European Parliament]]: the [[Greens - European Free Alliance]].

==References==
<references/>

{{wikipedia}}

[[Category:Scottish]]
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[[Category:Political parties]]
[[Category:Socialist parties]]
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