Spiritualism - Revision history

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	In [[philosophy]], '''spiritualism''' is the notion, shared by a wide variety of systems of thought, that there is an immaterial reality that cannot be perceived by the senses.<ref name=EB>''Encyclopædia Britannica'', [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/560495/spiritualism "Spiritualism (in philosophy)"], britannica.com</ref> This includes philosophies that postulate a personal [[God]], the immortality of the soul, or the immortality of the intellect or will, as well as any systems of thought that assume a [[universal mind]] or cosmic forces lying beyond the reach of purely [[Materialism\|materialistic]] interpretations.<ref name=EB /> Generally, any philosophical position, be it [[dualism]], [[monism]], [[atheism]], [[theism]], [[pantheism]], [[idealism]] or any other, is compatible with spiritualism as long as it allows for a reality beyond matter.<ref name=EB /><ref name="James1977">{{cite book\|author=William James\|title=A pluralistic universe\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fPuwCunFTFoC&pg=PA16\|year=1977\|publisher=Harvard University Press\|isbn=978-0-674-67391-5\|page=16}}</ref> Theism is an example of a dualist spiritualist philosophy, while pantheism is an example of monist spiritualism.<ref name="James1977" />		In [[philosophy]], '''spiritualism''' is the notion, shared by a wide variety of systems of thought, that there is an immaterial [[reality]] that cannot be perceived by the senses.<ref name=EB>''Encyclopædia Britannica'', [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/560495/spiritualism "Spiritualism (in philosophy)"], britannica.com</ref> This includes philosophies that postulate a personal [[God]], the immortality of the soul, or the immortality of the intellect or will, as well as any systems of thought that assume a [[universal mind]] or cosmic forces lying beyond the reach of purely [[Materialism\|materialistic]] interpretations.<ref name=EB /> Generally, any philosophical position, be it [[dualism]], [[monism]], [[atheism]], [[theism]], [[pantheism]], [[idealism]] or any other, is compatible with spiritualism as long as it allows for a [[reality]] beyond matter.<ref name=EB /><ref name="James1977">{{cite book\|author=William James\|title=A pluralistic universe\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fPuwCunFTFoC&pg=PA16\|year=1977\|publisher=Harvard University Press\|isbn=978-0-674-67391-5\|page=16}}</ref> Theism is an example of a dualist spiritualist philosophy, while pantheism is an example of monist spiritualism.<ref name="James1977" />

	==Notable spiritualist thinkers==		==Notable spiritualist thinkers==

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References

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	==References==		==References==
	{{Reflist}}		{{Reflist\|2}}

	[[Category:Religion]]		[[Category:Religion]]
	[[Category:Philosophy]]		[[Category:Philosophy]]

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References

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	==References==		==References==
	{{Reflist\|2}}		{{Reflist}}

	[[Category:Religion]]		[[Category:Religion]]
	[[Category:Philosophy]]		[[Category:Philosophy]]

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Notable spiritualist thinkers

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	==Notable spiritualist thinkers==		==Notable spiritualist thinkers==
	*[[Aristotle]]<ref name=EB />		*[[Aristotle]]<ref name=EB />
	*[[Henri Bergson]]<ref name=EB />
	*[[Maine de Biran]]<ref>Su-Young Park-Hwang (1998), [https://books.google.com/books?id=OyQcAgAACAAJ&dq= ''L'habitude dans le spiritualisme français: Maine de Biran, Ravaisson, Bergson''], Presses Universitaires du Septentrion.</ref>
	*[[Evola]]<ref name=EB />
	*[[Victor Cousin]]<ref>''Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Brahman to Derrida'', Taylor & Francis, 1998, p. 10: "Victor Cousin's eclectic spiritualism".</ref>
	*[[René Descartes]]<ref name=EB />		*[[René Descartes]]<ref name=EB />
	*[[Giovanni Gentile]]<ref name=EB />		*[[Giovanni Gentile]]<ref name=EB />
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	*Pindar<ref name=EB />		*Pindar<ref name=EB />
	*[[Plato]]<ref name=EB />		*[[Plato]]<ref name=EB />


	==See also==		==See also==

Bacchus: Created page with "{{Stub}} In philosophy, '''spiritualism''' is the notion, shared by a wide variety of systems of thought, that there is an immaterial reality that cannot be perceived by the senses.''Encyclopædia Britannica'', [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/560495/spiritualism "Spiritualism (in philosophy)"], britannica.com This includes philosophies that postulate a personal God, the immortality of the soul, or the immortality of the intellect or..."

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Created page with "{{Stub}} In philosophy, '''spiritualism''' is the notion, shared by a wide variety of systems of thought, that there is an immaterial reality that cannot be perceived by the senses.<ref name=EB>''Encyclopædia Britannica'', [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/560495/spiritualism "Spiritualism (in philosophy)"], britannica.com</ref> This includes philosophies that postulate a personal God, the immortality of the soul, or the immortality of the intellect or..."

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-'''Spiritualism''', an ambiguous term, may in philosophy and religion refer to a characteristic of any system of thought that states the existence of immaterial reality or forces imperceptible to the ordinary senses.
+{{Stub}}
-The term derives from the ambiguous term "spirit", which may in Judaism / Christianity / Ancient Greek philosophy refer an animating (divine) force, not identical with the more individual "soul". Extended to other religions and philosophical systems.
+==Notable spiritualist thinkers==
-"Spiritualism" may also more specifically refer to a movement believing that departed souls can interact with the living. Such spiritualists may seek to experience contact with the dead, usually through the assistance of a medium. The movement reached its peak growth in membership from the 1840s to the 1920s, especially in English-speaking countries.
+==See also==
-There may be an association between unconventional philosophical / religious spiritualist views and unconventional political views, with various stated associations between (certain) unconventional spiritualists views (such as in [[theosophy]] and departed souls spiritualism) and views such as [[feminism]].
+==References==
+{{Reflist|2}}
 [[Category:Philosophy]]

en>Upplysning at 09:32, 21 December 2019

2019-12-21T09:32:20Z

New page

'''Spiritualism''', an ambiguous term, may in philosophy and religion refer to a characteristic of any system of thought that states the existence of immaterial reality or forces imperceptible to the ordinary senses.

The term derives from the ambiguous term "spirit", which may in Judaism / Christianity / Ancient Greek philosophy refer an animating (divine) force, not identical with the more individual "soul". Extended to other religions and philosophical systems.

"Spirituality" may refer spiritual beliefs in organized religions, but may more recently often refer to spiritual beliefs not part of organized religion, such as in "[[New Age]]" spirituality. Often associated with [[mysticism]] and to seek mystical experiences.

"Spiritualism" may also more specifically refer to a movement believing that departed souls can interact with the living. Such spiritualists may seek to experience contact with the dead, usually through the assistance of a medium. The movement reached its peak growth in membership from the 1840s to the 1920s, especially in English-speaking countries.

There may be an association between unconventional philosophical / religious spiritualist views and unconventional political views, with various stated associations between (certain) unconventional spiritualists views (such as in [[theosophy]] and departed souls spiritualism) and views such as [[feminism]].

==External links==
=== Encyclopedias ===
*[https://www.britannica.com/topic/spiritualism-philosophy Encyclopedia Britannica: Spiritualism]
*[https://www.britannica.com/topic/spiritualism-religion Encyclopedia Britannica: Spiritualism]
*[https://www.britannica.com/topic/spirituality Encyclopedia Britannica: Spirituality]
*[https://theodora.com/encyclopedia/s2/spiritualism.html Encyclopedia Britannica 1911 Edition: Spiritualism]
*[https://www.encyclopedia.com/philosophy-and-religion/other-religious-beliefs-and-general-terms/miscellaneous-religion/spiritualism Encyclopedia.com: Spiritualism]
*[https://www.encyclopedia.com/philosophy-and-religion/philosophy/philosophy-terms-and-concepts/spirituality Encyclopedia.com: Spirituality]
*[https://www.encyclopedia.com/philosophy-and-religion/other-religious-beliefs-and-general-terms/miscellaneous-religion/spiritism Encyclopedia.com: Spiritism]
*[https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/legal-and-political-magazines/new-age-spirituality Encyclopedia.com: New Age Spirituality]
*[https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/legal-and-political-magazines/feminist-spirituality Encyclopedia.com: Feminist Spirituality]

[[Category:Philosophy]]
[[Category:Religion]]