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	<id>https://fascipedia.org/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=War_crimes</id>
	<title>War crimes - Revision history</title>
	<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="https://fascipedia.org/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=War_crimes"/>
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	<updated>2026-04-07T18:17:54Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
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	<entry>
		<id>https://fascipedia.org/index.php?title=War_crimes&amp;diff=52869&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗹: Text replacement - &quot;Jew&quot; to &quot;jew&quot;</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://fascipedia.org/index.php?title=War_crimes&amp;diff=52869&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-02-25T14:32:49Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Text replacement - &amp;quot;Jew&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;jew&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 05:32, 25 February 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l28&quot;&gt;Line 28:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 28:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;On July 1, 2002 the [[International Criminal Court]], a treaty-based court located in [[The Hague]], came into being for the prosecution of war crimes committed on or after that date.  However, several nations, most notably the [[United States]], Red [[China]], and, notably, [[Israel]], have criticized the court, refused to participate in it or permit the court to have jurisdiction over their citizens.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;On July 1, 2002 the [[International Criminal Court]], a treaty-based court located in [[The Hague]], came into being for the prosecution of war crimes committed on or after that date.  However, several nations, most notably the [[United States]], Red [[China]], and, notably, [[Israel]], have criticized the court, refused to participate in it or permit the court to have jurisdiction over their citizens.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;None of the [[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Jewish&lt;/del&gt;]] [[terrorists]] responsible for shocking atrocities in Palestine, including the bombing of the King David Hotel (July 22, 1946), and the murder of Lord Moyne (Nov.1944),&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Sherman, A.J., ''Mandate Days'' - British Lives in [[Palestine]] 1918-1948, New York, 1997, pps:162, 180-3. ISBN:0-500-25116-9&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; but also the bombing of [[Gaza]] in Juli/August 2014 (Operation Protective Edge) as well as October 2023 by [[Israel]], have ever been brought to justice, and not a single [[Israel]]i military leader, who have been murdering Palestinians in the most atrocious ways since 1948,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Hadawi, Sami, ''Bitter Harvest'' - A Modern History of Palestine, London, 1989, ISBN:0-905906-85-3&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; have ever had to stand before an international war crimes tribunal.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;None of the [[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;jewish&lt;/ins&gt;]] [[terrorists]] responsible for shocking atrocities in Palestine, including the bombing of the King David Hotel (July 22, 1946), and the murder of Lord Moyne (Nov.1944),&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Sherman, A.J., ''Mandate Days'' - British Lives in [[Palestine]] 1918-1948, New York, 1997, pps:162, 180-3. ISBN:0-500-25116-9&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; but also the bombing of [[Gaza]] in Juli/August 2014 (Operation Protective Edge) as well as October 2023 by [[Israel]], have ever been brought to justice, and not a single [[Israel]]i military leader, who have been murdering Palestinians in the most atrocious ways since 1948,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Hadawi, Sami, ''Bitter Harvest'' - A Modern History of Palestine, London, 1989, ISBN:0-905906-85-3&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; have ever had to stand before an international war crimes tribunal.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==See also==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==See also==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗹</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://fascipedia.org/index.php?title=War_crimes&amp;diff=35232&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗹: 1 revision imported</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://fascipedia.org/index.php?title=War_crimes&amp;diff=35232&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-02-06T22:26:05Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;1 revision imported&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 13:26, 6 February 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-notice&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;mw-diff-empty&quot;&gt;(No difference)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗹</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://fascipedia.org/index.php?title=War_crimes&amp;diff=35231&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>en&gt;Crusader at 22:16, 21 October 2023</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://fascipedia.org/index.php?title=War_crimes&amp;diff=35231&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2023-10-21T22:16:54Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[File:Dresden_victims_1945.jpg|350px|thumb|Grandfather and child, victims of the pointless [[terror bombing of Dresden]] – Britain's [[Royal Air Force|RAF]] &amp;amp; [[USAAF]] – unpunished.]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Katyn massacre.jpg|350px|thumb|[[Soviet]] [[Katyn massacre]] – unpunished.]]&lt;br /&gt;
'''War crimes''' are violations of the so-called laws of war by any persons, [[military]] or civilian. War crimes include violations of perceived established protections of the so-called laws of war, but also include failures to adhere to norms of procedure and rules of battle, such as attacking those displaying a flag of truce, or using that same flag as a ruse of war to mount an attack. War crimes, as such, are unique to the 20th century when war victors made their alleged war crimes by losers punishable offenses citing so-called [[International Law]]. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
War crimes by victors went unpunished. Because the definition of a 'state of war' is debateable, the term 'war crime' has different applications under different systems of international and military law, and may apply outside of what some may consider to be a 'state of war', but in areas where conflicts persist enough to constitute social instability.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Geneva Convention==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Nakba.png|350px|thumb|right|Crimes against [[Palestine]] – unpunished]]&lt;br /&gt;
The [[Geneva Convention]] is a treaty that represents a legal basis in International Law with regard to the conduct of warfare. Not all nations are signatories to it (notably the former [[Soviet Union]]), and so were not bound by it, having different codes and values, if any, with regard to wartime conduct. The treatment of [[Prisoners-of-war|POWs]] are covered under this convention. It is also a war crime to target [[ambulance]]s, hospitals, and medical crews.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==World War I==&lt;br /&gt;
Scottish-American historian Professor Niall Campbell Ferguson explains in his book ''The Pity of War – Explaining World War I'' (1999) within pages 371-386, that massacres of German [[POWs]] after they surrendered and were disarmed was common practice among soldiers from every Allied Army on the [[Western Front (WWI)|Western Front]], but only Germans were put on trial after [[WWI]] for alleged war crimes at the &amp;quot;Leipzig war crimes trials&amp;quot; held in 1921 before the German ''Reichsgericht'' (Supreme Court) in Leipzig, as part of the penalties imposed on the German government under the [[Treaty of Versailles]]. Lawyer and historian [[Alfred de Zayas]] wrote: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: ''&amp;quot;Generally speaking, the German population took exception to these trials, especially because the Allies were not similarly bringing their own soldiers to justice.&amp;quot;''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==World War II==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Gaza October 2023.jpg|thumb|350px|Bombing of [[Gaza]] in October 2023 – unpunished]]&lt;br /&gt;
The most notorious 'war crimes' [[Nuremberg Trials|trials]] have undoubtedly been those held by the so-called Allies following [[World War II]], at [[Nuremberg]], and [[Tokyo]]. Without doubt Nuremberg was the most controversial, seen today as 'Show Trials' in the finest [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] tradition&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Priemel, J.C., Stiller, A., editors, ''Reassessing the Nuremberg Military Tribunals'', Berghann Books pubs., New York &amp;amp; Oxford, 2014, ISBN: 978-0-85745-530-7&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. Maurice Bardeche's book ''Nuremberg or The Promised Land'' (1948) argued that the true motive of this tribunal was to provide retroactive justification for massive Allied atrocities against Germany and its allies. The famous advocate Dr. August von Knieriem produced a technical legal book deconstructing the legal basis of these trials with heavy criticism.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Knieriem, August von, ''The Nuremberg Trials'', Chicago (US edition), or ''Nurnberg'', Stuttgart, (German edition), 1959.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Other renowned scholars have also addressed these trials.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Irving, David, ''Nuremberg - The Last Battle'', London, 1996, ISBN:1-872197-16-7&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The Soviets came under scathing criticism by the junior British counsel at Nuremberg, Airey Neave&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neave, Airy, ''Nuremberg'', Biteback pubs., London, reprint 2021, ISBN:978-1-78590-663-3&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and [[Franz von Papen]] who was acquitted at Nuremberg, makes salient points about the tribunal's ludicrous flaws in his ''Memoirs'',&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Papen, Franz von, ''Memoirs'', London, 1952, see index.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; not least the ridiculous obsession of the [[United States|Americans]] introducing psychiatrists into all aspects of the proceedings.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Gellately, Professor Robert, editor, ''The Nuremberg Interviews''  conducted by Leon N. Goldensohn (d.1961), London, 2007, ISBN:9781845950149&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Tokyo War Crime Trials are covered in Brackman's ''The Other Nuremberg''.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Brackman, Arnold C., ''The Other Nuremberg'', London, 1989, ISBN:0-00-217991-1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It would appear that only people of defeated nations are charged before international [[kangaroo court]]s after wars. The victors' war criminals, for example, the Soviets, [[Eisenhower]], and Britain's notorious Arthur &amp;quot;Bomber&amp;quot; Harris, escaped prosecution after committing atrocious war crimes,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Overy, Richard, ''The Bombing War'': Europe 1939-1934, Allen Lane pubs., London, 2013.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Friedrich, Jorg, ''The Fire: the Bombing of Germany 1940-1945, Columbia University Press, 2006, ISBN:0-231-13380-4&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; as with the murder of millions of surrendered soldiers,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Bacque, James, ''Other Losses'', London, 1989, ISBN:0-356-19136-2&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Bacque, James, ''Crimes and Mercies'', London, 1997, ISBN:0-316-64070-0&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; see [[Rheinwiesenlager]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
None of the Slav nations in eastern Europe have been held to account for the collossal atrocities, rapes and murders carried out by them in 1945, not least the criminal and monstrous &amp;quot;expulsions&amp;quot; of the German civilian population, the most gruesome crimes being in [[Czechoslovakia]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Turnwald, Dr. Wilhelm K., ''Documents on the Expulsions of the Sudeten Germans'', Munich, 1951 (English-language edition 1953)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and [[Poland]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Schnieder, Professor Theodor, et al, ''The Expulsion of the German Population from the Territories East of the Oder-Neisse-Line'', FDR Ministry for Expellees, Refugees and War Victims, Bonn, West Germany, 1954.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Krokow, Count Christian von, ''Hour of the Women'', Germany 1988, USA 1991, London 1992, ISBN 0-571-14320-2&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Douglas, professor R. J., ''Orderly and Humane'', Yale University Press, 2012, ISBN 9-780300-198201&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;de Zayas, Professor Alfred Maurice, ''A Terrible Revenge'', Palgrave-Macmillan, New York, 1993/4, reprint 2006, ISBN 978-1-4039-7308-5&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Nitsch, Gunter, ''Weeds Like Us'', Author House, Bloomington, IN., USA, ISBN 978-3-4389-3312-2&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==21st century==&lt;br /&gt;
On July 1, 2002 the [[International Criminal Court]], a treaty-based court located in [[The Hague]], came into being for the prosecution of war crimes committed on or after that date.  However, several nations, most notably the [[United States]], Red [[China]], and, notably, [[Israel]], have criticized the court, refused to participate in it or permit the court to have jurisdiction over their citizens.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
None of the [[Jewish]] [[terrorists]] responsible for shocking atrocities in Palestine, including the bombing of the King David Hotel (July 22, 1946), and the murder of Lord Moyne (Nov.1944),&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Sherman, A.J., ''Mandate Days'' - British Lives in [[Palestine]] 1918-1948, New York, 1997, pps:162, 180-3. ISBN:0-500-25116-9&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; but also the bombing of [[Gaza]] in Juli/August 2014 (Operation Protective Edge) as well as October 2023 by [[Israel]], have ever been brought to justice, and not a single [[Israel]]i military leader, who have been murdering Palestinians in the most atrocious ways since 1948,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Hadawi, Sami, ''Bitter Harvest'' - A Modern History of Palestine, London, 1989, ISBN:0-905906-85-3&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; have ever had to stand before an international war crimes tribunal.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==See also==&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Gorla Massacre]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Nobel Peace Prize]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Kuala Lumpur War Crimes Commission]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Mass rapes by Allied forces during World War II]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Claimed mass killings of Germans by the WWII Allies]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{Reflist|3}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:War crimes| ]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[de:Kriegsverbrechen]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>en&gt;Crusader</name></author>
	</entry>
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