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'''William Dudley Pelley'''ย  (12 March 1890 โ€“ 30 June 1965) was a journalist, publisher, novelist, Hollywood screenwriter, spiritualist, and the fascist founder of the [[Silver Legion of America]] ([[Silver Shirts]]). Pelley ran for [[United States presidential election, 1936|President of the United States in 1936]] under the banner of the [[Christian Party (1930s)|Christian Party]]. Despite that the [[attack on Pearl Harbor]] led Pelley to disband the Silver Legion, he was sentenced to 15 years in prison for [[sedition]] in 1942, and released in 1950. The terms of Pelley's parole stipulated that he desist from all political activity. He is stated to have developed a religious philosophy based on his belief in UFOs and extraterrestrials.
[[File:Signal-2022-12-29-17-57-15-000.png|frameless|right|250px]]
==Family==
William Dudley Pelley (Born in March, 1890) was an American writer (Of screenplays, short stories and novels), journalist and fascist politician who ran in the 1936 presidential election as a candidate for the Christian Party. He died on June 30th of 1965 in Noblesville, Indiana and was laid to rest at the local Crownsville Cemetary.
Born in [[Lynn, Massachusetts]], William Dudley Pelley grew up in poverty. He was the son of William George Apsey Pelley (1867-1920) and his wife Grace Goodale (born 1861). Both parents were of [[England|English]] descent. His father was initially a [[Southern Methodist Church]] minister, later a small businessman and shoemaker. <ref>[http://www.anb.org/articles/15/15-01310.html Scott Beekman , "Pelley, William Dudley"]</ref>On December 16, 1911 William Dudley Pelley married Marion Harriet Stone. They were later divorced. On July 4, 1934, he married Minnie Helen Hansman.<ref>Testimony before the House of Representatives Un-American Activities, February 8, 1940</ref>


Pelley is best known for having been the founder of [[The Silver Legion of America]], created the day following [[Adolf Hitler]] officially becoming the Chancellor of Germany. In 1942 he was arrested for "sedition" and sentenced to 15 years in prison, serving 8 before being released on parole.
==Journalist==
Largely self-educated, Pelley became a journalist when he was twelve purchasing a used hand press with the help of a loan from his father. He assembled the press in his fatherโ€™s barn and began to publish a small newspaper, the ''Junior Star'', to be distributed to his classmates. While in high school in Springfield, Massachusetts he started a magazine, ''The Black Crow''. In 1907 the family would soon moved to Fulton, New York when his father became an executive in a [[toilet]] paper factory.ย  After a year of high school the young Pelley took a position at his fatherโ€™s plant eventually becoming the treasure and general superintendent.<ref>''William Dudley Pelley: a Life in Right-wing Extremism and the Occult'', by Scott Beekman, page 9</ref>


William Dudley Pelley helped fight against [[Bolshevism]] in the Russian civil war while working under the Red Cross as a journalist and correspondent from ???? to 1920. He is noted as being staunchly opposed to [[Jews|jewry]] and proud of his pure English heritage.
In 1909 he was editor and publisher of ''Philosopher Magazine'' issued in Fulton, New York.<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/investigationofu193906unit#page/4184/mode/2up Testimony of Robert B. Barker, Investigator for the Special Committee on Un-American Activities, August 28, 1939, before the House of Un-American Activities Committee, page 4184]</ref> The publication espoused [[liberal]] and [[socialist]] positions rejecting [[patriotism]] and calling [[Jesus]] "comrade Christ."<ref>''Hollywood and anti-semitism: a cultural history up to World War II'', By Steven Alan Carr, page 119</ref>


== Early Life ==
On December 16, 1911 he married Marion Harriet Stone. The marriage ended in divorce ten years later.<ref>[http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MA/entertainment.html Politicians Who Were Involved in the Entertainment Industry]</ref>
William Dudley Pelley was born in the coastal town of Lynn, Massachusetts on March 12th of 1890 as the only son of Southern Methodistย  Church minister William George Aspey Pelley and his wife Grace Pelley, two years after they were wed. The Pelley family was stable but rather impoverished, the economic situation of the family further worsened in William D Pelley's early years due to the depression of 1893 (Which caused William G A Pelley to abandon the ministry) and the birth of a daughter to the family, Edna Grace.


=== Growing up in East Templeton ===
From 1912 to 1915 he worked at the ''Wilmington Times'' and other regional newspapers.<ref>Testimony before the House of Representatives Un-American Activities, February 7, 1940</ref>
In 1895, the family moved to the town of East Templeton. There the Pelleys resided for a few years on a small farm known as the Fairbanks Place. Here, William Dudley Pelley would be taught by the last member of the Fairbanks family -known as "Grandma Fairbanks"- basic literary skills. With this, Pelley submitted a contribution to the "Youth's Letterbox" of a local newspaper, marking the small start of a long literary career.


William Dudley Pelley was also introduced to politics at this time in his life, when a group of boys at his school confronted him on whether he supported William McKinley or William Jennings Bryan. The young Pelley asked his father about the political stance of the family, William G. A. Pelley told him that he was a Republican "because I'm a Republican - and you happen to be my son."
In 1918 Pelley went to [[Japan]] to survey [[Protestant]] foreign missions for the Methodist Centenary Movement a division of the Methodist Church.<ref>Testimony before the House of Representatives Un-American Activities, February 8, 1940</ref> This was during the time of the [[Siberian intervention]] when Western armies supported the [[White Russian Movement|White Guards]] fighting against the [[Red Army]] in [[Siberia]]. Pelley went into [[Siberia]] and witnessed the atrocities of the [[Bolsheviks]]. He traveled throughout [[Europe]] and [[Asia]] as a foreign correspondent for the ''[[Saturday Evening Post]]''.<ref>''The New Encyclopedia of the Occult'', by John Michael Greer, page 366</ref> His experiences in Russia left him with a deep hatred for [[Communism]] and [[jew]]s, whom he believed were planning to conquer the world.<ref>"45 Questions About the jews", William Dudley Pelley, 1939.</ref>


=== West Gardener and Springfield, Pelley's start in publishing ===
==Hollywood screenwriter==
Due to further economic strife, the Pelley family moved once more to West Gardener, and William G. A. Pelley took on a job as a reporter for the ''Gardener Journal''. Dudley Pelley would spend a good amount of time in the print house of the ''Journal'' watching workers prepare the next editions of the papers and setting up lines of print himself when no one else was around. G. A. Pelley would soon quite the reporter business, but Dudley Pelley's time at the print house had him set in seeing the newspaper business as his future. In June of 1900, the Pelley family moved once more -This time supposedly due to an over-abundance of Polish immigration-, to Springfield. Notably, Springfield was a sizeable immigration destination for other non-Anglo groups at the time, mostly Italians and Russian jews, so the reasoning given for this move could be false.
Upon returning to the [[United States]] in 1920, Pelley went to [[Hollywood]], where he became a screenwriter for 21 films working for every major studio except [[Paramount]]. He was a witness to the jewish control of early Hollywood. During this period he claimed to have made $300,000<ref>[http://groups.yahoo.com/group/pelleyclub/message/37?var=1&l=1 Pelley and Hollywood Antisemitism]</ref> and was close to film legend [[Lon Chaney]]. By 1929, Pelley became disillusioned with the movie industry. ย 


==== Pelley's first newspaper, ''The Junior Star'' ====
==Spiritualist awakening==
While in Springfield, William Dudley Pelley purchased a hand print-press using money loaned to him by his father. He maintained the device using old parts discarded around printing houses. Dudley Pelley paid off his debt and acquired the money to buy multiple job-type fonts by printing business cards for his father. With these fonts and his press, Pelley began publishing his first newspaper, ''The Junior Star'', at just the age of 12. Pelley took inspiration in his publishing from then celebrity Elbert Hubbard after reading an issue of his magazine ''The Philistine'', said to be a precursor to ''[[The American Mercury]]''.
On the night of May 28-29, 1928,<ref>''Women of the Far Right: The Mothers' Movement and World War II'', By Glen Jeansonne, page 37</ref> Pelley had a profound [[out-of-body experience]] in Altadena, California which he detailed in an article titled "My Seven Minutes in Eternity" first published in the March 1929 issue of ''The American Magazine''. The article later appeared in booklet form selling hundreds of thousands of copies.<ref>[http://www.ajcarchives.org/AJC_DATA/Files/THR-SS3.PDF American jewish Committee report on Pelley and the Silver Shirts (undated)]</ref> Pelley became fascinated with [[metaphysics]] and [[Christianity]] and issued numerous publications on the subject. In 1929 he founded the spiritualist group League for the Liberation headquarter in Washington DC.<ref>[http://www.ajcarchives.org/AJC_DATA/Files/THR-34.PDF The Silver Shirts, Their History, Founder and Activities Bulletin, No. 3, American jewish Committee, August 24, 1933]</ref>


G. A. Pelley would warn Dudley Pelley on publishing inflammatory articles in his papers after a minor outrage regarding an article on Pelley's teacher. William Dudley Pelley continued as he was until a neighborhood bully, Philip Taft, broke Pelley's nose following an article on the size of Taft's mouth. After this incident, Pelley gave up on ''The Junior Star''.
In 1930 he moved to New York City, founded Galahad Press and began to lecture and teach on [[spiritualism]].<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/investigationofu193906unit#page/4186/mode/2up Testimony of Robert B. Barker, Investigator for the Special Committee on Un-American Activities, August 28, 1939, before the House of Un-American Activities Committee, page 4186]</ref> Many of his followers at this time were women. He would later synthesize his spiritualism with politics proclaiming a "Liberation doctrine" in his publication the ''[[New Liberator]]''. ย 


==== ''The Black Crow'' ====
He moved back to Washington DC in October 1931 and later to [[Asheville, North Carolina]] in July 1932.<ref>[http://groups.yahoo.com/group/pelleyclub/message/221 Pelley a spy?]</ref>
Pelley's next newspaper would be started in his Sophomore year at Springfield Technical Highschool, while he was president of the school's debating society. ''The Black Crow'' was, in Pelley's words, a "pretentious and successful monthly magazine." Sadly, the publication of this too had to be stopped as the Pelley family moved once more (To Fulton, NY) after G. A. Pelley had become a partner in the Fulton Toilet Paper Company. William Dudley Pelley's father had decided that the toilet paper business would be best for his son, and so after only one year of highschool young Pelley would enter the workforce, and from then on be entirely self taught.


=== Early Employment ===
While other religious leaders on the [[far right]] such as Rev. [[Gerald L. K. Smith]], Rev. [[Gerald Winrod]] and Father [[Charles Coughlin]] would at times quote scripture to make political points, Pelley would source "Ascended Masters" who he claimed to be in contact.<ref>''William Dudley Pelley: a life in right-wing extremism and the occult'', By Scott Beekman, page xiii</ref> Although Pelley had unorthodox religious views he always maintained he was a [[Christian]] whereas Liberation doctrine represented the correct teachings of [[Christ]].<ref>''William Dudley Pelley: a life in right-wing extremism and the occult'', By Scott Beekman, page xiv</ref> Pelleyโ€™s ideal from of government which he described in his book ''[[No More Hunger]]'' was a [[Christian Commonwealth]].


==== The Fulton Toilet Paper Company ====
==Political Career==
Pelley's time at the company proved valuable, as he quickly rose through it's ranks to become the treasurer and general superintendent of the firm. Pelley states in his book ''No More Hunger'' that him having been "sold to the galleys" strengthened his senses of business and his independence in the family, and that it had given him some credibility in the field of economics. Pelley also returned to magazine publishing while in Fulton, creating the "religio-sociological" monthly paper, ''The Philosopher'' in June of 1909.
===Galahad College===
When the [[Great Depression]] struck America in 1929, Pelley became active in politics in a variety of ways . After moving to Asheville in July 1932, Pelley founded Galahad College and a network of nondenominational spiritualist study groups called the League of the Liberators. The college specialized in correspondence, "Social Metaphysics," and "Christian Economics" courses.


== The Siberia trip and Hollywood ==
===Silver Shirts===
Pelley being a mystic had a discussion with his business manager [[George Anderson]] on December 24, 1932 concerning an important event occurring on January 20 which he considered a significant date relating to [[Pyramid Prophecy]]. According to Anderson neither had any idea what the great event could be until the newspapers announced on that date [[Adolf Hitler]] was the new leader of Germany. Pelley immediately saw this as the event he was waiting for and decided to start his own political movement and founded the [[Silver Legion]].<ref>''Organized Anti-Semitism in America'', by [[Donald S. Strong]], page 46</ref>


== ''Seven Minutes In Eternity'' ==
The Silver Legionโ€™s emblem was a scarlet '''L''' standing for love, loyalty, and liberation, which was featured on their flags and uniforms.<ref>[http://groups.yahoo.com/group/pelleyclub/message/390 The "L"]</ref> Pelley--who was referred to as "The Chief"--founded chapters of the Silver Legion in almost every state in the country: the largest being [[Washington state]]. In Asheville he inaugurated a regular radio broadcast at station WNNC.<ref>[http://groups.yahoo.com/group/pelleyclub/message/92?var=1&l=1 Pelley on the radio?]</ref>


== The Silver Legion of America ==
===Fascist Organizer===
Pelley traveled throughout the United States holding mass rallies, lectures, and public speeches in order to attract Americans to his organization.ย  Pelleyโ€™s political ideology essentially consisted of [[anti-communism]], [[anti-Semitism]] and fascistic themes which were the primary focus of his numerous magazines and newspapers, which included ''[[Liberation]]'', ''[[Pelley's Silvershirt Weekly]]'', ''[[The Galilean]]'', and ''[[The New Liberator]]''.ย  Of these publications, the [[February 3]], [[1934]] edition of ''Liberation'' contained the suspect [[Franklin Prophecy]], which claimed that [[Benjamin Franklin]] warned Americans not to allow jews to benefit from the [[United States Constitution]]<ref>Beekman, page 91</ref>.
ย 
Pelley was also an opponent of [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]] and the [[New Deal]], and founded the [[Christian Party of America]], running for president in 1936. (See [[United States presidential election, 1936]]). The party achieved ballot status only in the state of [[Washington]] where Pelley received less than 1,600 votes.<ref>''White Rage'', by Martin Durham, page 9</ref>
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===Persecution by FDR===
On January 20, 1942; William Dudley Pelley was sentenced to serve two to three years in prison for violation of the North Carolina security laws.
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His activities angered Roosevelt and his supporters, and charges were drawn up against the Silver Shirts in 1940.ย  His Asheville headquarters was raided by federal marshals, his followers there arrested, and his property seized.
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Despite serious financial and material setbacks to his organization resulting from lengthy court battles, Pelley continued to oppose Roosevelt, especially as the diplomatic relationships of the United States with the [[Empire of Japan]] and [[National Socialist Germany]] became more strained in the early 1940s.ย  Pelley was an non-interventionist and accused Roosevelt of being a warmonger. Roosevelt enlisted J. Edgar Hoover and the FBIย  to investigate Pelley for libel, and the FBI interviewed Pelley's subscribers<ref>Beekman, page 125</ref>.
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===The End of the Silver Legion===
Although the [[Attack on Pearl Harbor]] in 1941 led to the collapse of the Silver Legion, Pelley continued to attack the government with a magazine called ''[[Roll-Call]]''<ref>"Strange Doings in Nobleville", ''Time'', 27th January 1941[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,801236,00.html]</ref>, which alarmed Roosevelt, Attorney General [[Francis Biddle]], and the [[House Un-American Activities Committee]].
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===Imprisonment===
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After stating in one issue of ''[[Roll-Call]]'' that the devastation of the [[United States Pacific Fleet|Pacific Fleet]] at [[Pearl Harbor]] was worse than the government claimed, Pelley was arrested April 1942 at his new base of operations in [[Noblesville, Indiana]] and was charged with [[high treason]] and [[sedition]]. On [[August 12]], [[1942]]--after a much-publicized trial--he was sentenced to 15 years in prison.
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In 1944, Pelley was indicted again on new sedition charges and stood trial in Washington DC with 29 other defendants. Known as the "[[Great Sedition Trial of 1944]]", the proceedings came to an abrupt end when the judge died of a heart attack and a mistrial was declared.
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==Racial views==
Pelley believed the "jewish Problem" in America could be solved by moving all jews in a state to a single area called "Beth Havens."<ref>[https://etd.ohiolink.edu/rws_etd/document/get/kent1334708389/inline "BY ANY MEANS NECESSARY:" THE LEAGUE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS AGAINST NAZISM AND DOMESTIC FASCISM, 1933-1946 page 109 (114)]</ref> and sterilizing the male jewish population.ย  He felt this would be better than the coming [[pogrom]]s that he thought would inevitably happen with an aware and angry [[Gentile]] population.<ref>[http://www.ajcarchives.org/AJC_DATA/Files/THR-SS2.PDF American jewish Committee report on William Dudley Pelley]</ref>
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His views toward other races were less dogmatic. Pelley admired [[Abraham Lincoln]] and his decision to end [[slavery]]. Lincoln was his โ€œpatron saintโ€ and believed he should be celebrated for smashing the "jewish bankersโ€ when he issued the [[greenback note]]. To Pelley, Blacks should continue to remain in a [[segregated]] society or be repatriated [[back to Africa]].
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Pelley attempted to appeal to the [[American Indian]] and issued the publication ''Indians Aren't Red: The Inside Story of Administration Attempts to make Communists of the North Carolina Cherokees''. He favored removing Indians from their [[reservations]] and populating them with jews.
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The Japanese issued their own translation of his political manifesto ''No More Hunger''.
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==Later life and death==
Pelley was paroled [[February 14]], [[1950]] and released from Federal Prison in [[Terra Haute, Indiana]]. After his release, he returned to Noblesville and began publishing metaphysical magazines and books avoiding political topics. He spent his time developing Liberation doctrine into a full-blown religion known as [[Soulcraft]].
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William Dudley Pelley died on [[July 1]], [[1965]], at the age of 75 in Noblesville, Indiana.<ref>William Dudley Pelley at [[Find A Grave]]ย  [http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=7966465]</ref> He is buried in Crownland Cemetery alongside his third wife Agnes Marion Henderson Pelley (1898-1970) in an unmarked grave.<ref>[http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSmcid=47072725&GRid=36433421&
Agnes Marion Henderson Pelley at Find A Grave]</ref>
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==Publications founded by Pelley==
* ''Philosopher Magazine'' (1909)
* ''[[The New Liberator]]'' (1930-1931)
* ''[[Liberation]]'' (1932-1940)
* ''[[The Silver Ranger]]'' (1933-1934)
* ''[[Pelley's Weekly]]'' (1934-1936)
* ''[[Reality (magazine)|Reality]]'' (1937-1939)
* ''[[Little Visits With Great Americans]]'' (series 1937-1941)
* ''[[Revelation]]'' (ca. January 1941)
* ''[[Roll-Call]]'' (ca. February-December 1941)
* ''[[The Mustard Seed]]'' (ca. 1941)
* ''[[The Galilean]]'' (1941-1942)
* ''[[Valor]]'' (ca. 1951-1961)
* ''[[Bright Horizons]]'' (ca. 1953-1955)
* ''[[Over Here]]'' (1957-1960)
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==Works==
===Short Stories===
* List of short stories by William Dudley Pelley (1917-1929) [http://groups.yahoo.com/group/pelleyclub/message/577]
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===Novels===
* ''The Greater Glory'' (1919) [http://www.archive.org/details/greaterglory00pelliala text]
* ''The Fog: a Novel'' (1921) [http://www.archive.org/details/fognovel00pelliala text]
* ''The Four Guardmens'' (1921)
* ''Drag: a Comedy'' (1924)
* ''Golden Rubbish'' (1929)
* ''The Trend is Upward (1930)
* ''The Blue Lamp'' (1931)
* ''Adventure - A Case at Law''
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===Screenplays===
* ''The Fog'' (1923)
* ''The Sawdust Trail'' (1924)
* ''Torment'' (1924)
* ''The Shock''
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===Historical and political pamphlets===
* ''What Every Congressman Should Know'' (1936) [http://www.loriferber.com/what-every-congressman-should-know-booklet.html image]
* ''Christ or Chaos!'' (1936)
* ''Your Excellent Ancestors: How well do you know them?'' (1938)
* ''What a Cultured Chinese Thinks of the jew'', by H. Sing Woo, Ph.D. (Pelley pseudonym, 1938)<ref>[http://www.abebooks.com/servlet/BookDetailsPL?bi=11994689477&searchurl=bsi%3D0%26amp%3Bds%3D30%26amp%3Bsortby%3D0%26amp%3Bvci%3D241880 AbeBooks.com]</ref>
* ''Dupes Of Judah: The Inside Story of Why the World War was Fought'' (1939)[http://www.jrbooksonline.com/HTML-docs/dupes%20of%20judah.htm text]
* ''The Key to Crisis'' (1939)
* ''Indians Aren't Red: The Inside Story of Administration Attempts to make Communists of the North Carolina Cherokees'' [http://www.flickr.com/photos/39567170@N04/3636578552/in/set-72157619795833607/ cover]
* ''Crippleโ€™s Money''
* ''Our Secret Political Police''
* ''What Manner of Government is the Christ to Set Up?''
* [https://archive.org/stream/SilverShirtLegionOfAmericaThereIsAjewishWorldPlotjewsSaySo/Silver_Shirt_Legion_of_America_-_There_is_a_jewish_world_plot_jews_say_so#page/n0/mode/1up ''There is a jewish World Plot, jews Say So!'']
* ''Duress and Persuasion''
* ''Is this Nation Ruled by Invisible Government?''
* ''One Million Silver Shirts by 1939''
* ''Dies Political Posse''
* ''Applying House-sense to The Federal Mess''
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===Political and spiritual books===
* ''Road into Sunrise: A Narrative of the Eternal Verities'' (1928)
* ''Seven Minutes in Eternity with The Aftermath (1929)
* ''Behold Life: Design for Liberation'' (circa 1930s)
* ''[[No More Hunger|No More Hunger: The Compact Plan of the Christian Commonwealth]]'' (1933)
* ''Nations-In-Law: An Unconventional Analysis of Civics'' (1935)
* ''The Door to Revelation: An Intimate Biography'' (1936)
* ''Editorials by Pelley: Published during 1936 in Pelley's Weekly'' (1936)
* ''Thinking Alive: Design for Creation'' (1938)
* [http://www.resist.com/Instauration/OtherPubs-20120723/HiddenEmpire-Pelley.pdf ''Hidden Empire''] (1938) presumed author
* [http://www.come-and-hear.com/supplement/pelley.html ''The 45 Questions Most Frequently Asked about the jews: With the Answers''] (1939) 46 pages
* ''Earth Comes: Design for Materialization'' (1939)
* [https://archive.org/stream/WhatIsAjew-baiter/whatisajewbaiter001#page/n0/mode/1up ''What is a jew-Baiter?''] (1939?)
* ''The Golden Scripts (From Transcriptions of the Recorder)'' (1941)
* ''Henry Ford swims the Red Sea'' (1941)
* ''Why I Believe the Dead are Alive'' (1942)
* ''Pelley Indictment For Sedition'' (1942)
* ''Star Guests: Design for Mortality'' (1950)
* ''Thresholds of Tomorrow: A series of Prophetic Discourses'' (1951)
* ''Something Better: How to bring in the Christian Commonwealth'' (1952)
* ''Twilight Clear: A Volume of Soulcraft Poems'' (1952)
* ''Dilemma: A challenge in Electronic Recordings'' (1953)
* ''Figure Yourself Out: A Working System of Numerology for Beginners (1953)
* ''Beyond Grandeur: Design for Immortality'' (1954)
* ''Know Your Karma: Design for Destiny'' (1954)
* ''Adam Awakes: Design for Romance '' (1955)
* ''As Thou Lovest'' (1955)
* ''Soul Eternal'' (1955)
* ''Undying Mind'' (1955) [http://www.sanctusgermanus.net/ebooks/Undying%20Mind%20Pelley.pdf text]
* ''Stairs to Greatness'' (1956)
* ''Getting Born: Design for Reembodiment'' (1982)
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==Biographies==
* ''William Dudley Pelley: A Life in Right-Wing Extremism and the Occult'', by Scott Beekmam, (2005).
* ''The Price of Truth'', by [[Melford Pearson]], (April, 2009) softcover 146 pages ISBN:9781425183134 [http://www.trafford.com/Bookstore/BookDetail.aspx?Book=188765]
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==See also==
* [[Lineage of American Fascist organizations and individuals]]
* [[Great Sedition Trial of 1944]]
* [[List of โ€œShirtโ€ movements in America]]
* [[List of fascist mysticisms and religions]]
* [[John Hargrave]]
* [[Adrien Arcand]]
* [[Edwin Emerson, Jr.]]
* [[Corneliu Zelea Codreanu]]
* [[Galahad Press]]
* [[Soulcraft Press]]
* [[A.E.R. Strath-Gordon]]
* [[List of witnesses to Bolshevik terror]]
* [[William Luther Pierce]]
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==External links==
* [http://www.saturdayeveningpost.com/2012/03/10/archives/post-perspective/star-spangled-fascists.html/attachment/1-pelley Photo]
* [http://www.balderexlibris.com/index.php?category/English/P/Pelley-William-Dudley William Dudley Pelley on Balder Exlibris (pdf)]
* [http://digital.lib.washington.edu/findingaids/view?docId=PelleyWilliamDudley4841.xml William Dudley Pelley Papers 1909-1983]
* [http://toto.lib.unca.edu/findingaids/mss/pelley_william/pelley_periodicals/pelley_liberation/liberation.htm William Dudley Pelley UNCA Collection]
* [http://groups.yahoo.com/group/pelleyclub/ William Dudley Pelley Yahoo discussion group]
* [http://www.ajcarchives.org/AJC_DATA/Files/THR-SS2.PDFย  American jewish Committee report on William Dudley Pelley] (1939)
* [http://www.archive.org/details/investigationofu194012unit Pelley's testimony before the House of Representatives Un-American Activities Committee, February 7-8, 1940]
* [http://www.corbisimages.com/Enlargement/U541326ACME.html Photo of Pelley at the time of his congressional testimony]
* [http://www.jrbooksonline.com/HTML-docs/dupes%20of%20judah.htm DUPES OF JUDAH โ€“ A CHALLENGE TO THE AMERICAN LEGION]
* [http://toto.lib.unca.edu/findingaids/mss/pelley_william/pelley_biography/pelley_family_biography.htm Family biography of Pelley with several rare photos]
* [http://www.stormfront.org/pelley.htm The Life of William Dudley Pelley]
* [http://www.come-and-hear.com/supplement/pelley.html The 45 Questions Most Frequently Asked About the jews, with the Answers by Pelley]
* [http://www.mountainx.com/news/2004/0128pelley.php New Age Nazi]
* [http://www.gnosticliberationfront.com/curious_and_controversial_ca.htm THE CURIOUS AND CONTROVERSIAL CAREER OF WILLIAM DUDLEY PELLEY]
* [http://www.gnosticliberationfront.com/william_dudley_pelley__and_the_soulcraft_teachings.htm WILLIAM DUDLEY PELLEY AND THE SOULCRAFT TEACHINGS]
* [http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0671163/ List of films with Pelley as screenwriter]
* [http://www.flickr.com/photos/39567170@N04/sets/72157619795833607/ William Dudley Pelley photo collection on flickr]
* [http://althistory.wikia.com/wiki/William_Dudley_Pelley_(Fascist_USA) William Dudley Pelley (Fascist USA) in Althistory Wiki]
* [http://www.world-news-research.com/sshirts.html Article on Pelleyโ€™s metaphysical influences]
* [https://archive.org/stream/WilliamDudleyPelley-AmericasForgottenMystic/William-dudley-pelley-americasForgotten-mystic-harrel-rhome-2011#page/n0/mode/1up William Dudley Pelley: America's Forgotten Mystic]
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==References==
{{reflist}}


== Destruction of the Silver Legion and later life ==


=== Soulcraft ===


== Bibliography ==


=== Literature ===


=== Filmography ===


[[Category:People]]
[[Category:Activists]]
[[Category:Fascists]]
[[Category:Fascists]]
[[Category:Political_prisoners]]
[[Category:Great Sedition Trial]]
[[Category:Politicians]]
[[Category:Occultists]]
[[Category:Mystics]]
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[[Category:Shirt movements]]
[[Category:Silver Shirts]]
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[[de:William Dudley Pelley]]

Latest revision as of 13:35, 25 February 2024

William Dudley Pelley (12 March 1890 โ€“ 30 June 1965) was a journalist, publisher, novelist, Hollywood screenwriter, spiritualist, and the fascist founder of the Silver Legion of America (Silver Shirts). Pelley ran for President of the United States in 1936 under the banner of the Christian Party. Despite that the attack on Pearl Harbor led Pelley to disband the Silver Legion, he was sentenced to 15 years in prison for sedition in 1942, and released in 1950. The terms of Pelley's parole stipulated that he desist from all political activity. He is stated to have developed a religious philosophy based on his belief in UFOs and extraterrestrials.

Family

Born in Lynn, Massachusetts, William Dudley Pelley grew up in poverty. He was the son of William George Apsey Pelley (1867-1920) and his wife Grace Goodale (born 1861). Both parents were of English descent. His father was initially a Southern Methodist Church minister, later a small businessman and shoemaker. [1]On December 16, 1911 William Dudley Pelley married Marion Harriet Stone. They were later divorced. On July 4, 1934, he married Minnie Helen Hansman.[2]

Journalist

Largely self-educated, Pelley became a journalist when he was twelve purchasing a used hand press with the help of a loan from his father. He assembled the press in his fatherโ€™s barn and began to publish a small newspaper, the Junior Star, to be distributed to his classmates. While in high school in Springfield, Massachusetts he started a magazine, The Black Crow. In 1907 the family would soon moved to Fulton, New York when his father became an executive in a toilet paper factory. After a year of high school the young Pelley took a position at his fatherโ€™s plant eventually becoming the treasure and general superintendent.[3]

In 1909 he was editor and publisher of Philosopher Magazine issued in Fulton, New York.[4] The publication espoused liberal and socialist positions rejecting patriotism and calling Jesus "comrade Christ."[5]

On December 16, 1911 he married Marion Harriet Stone. The marriage ended in divorce ten years later.[6]

From 1912 to 1915 he worked at the Wilmington Times and other regional newspapers.[7]

In 1918 Pelley went to Japan to survey Protestant foreign missions for the Methodist Centenary Movement a division of the Methodist Church.[8] This was during the time of the Siberian intervention when Western armies supported the White Guards fighting against the Red Army in Siberia. Pelley went into Siberia and witnessed the atrocities of the Bolsheviks. He traveled throughout Europe and Asia as a foreign correspondent for the Saturday Evening Post.[9] His experiences in Russia left him with a deep hatred for Communism and jews, whom he believed were planning to conquer the world.[10]

Hollywood screenwriter

Upon returning to the United States in 1920, Pelley went to Hollywood, where he became a screenwriter for 21 films working for every major studio except Paramount. He was a witness to the jewish control of early Hollywood. During this period he claimed to have made $300,000[11] and was close to film legend Lon Chaney. By 1929, Pelley became disillusioned with the movie industry.

Spiritualist awakening

On the night of May 28-29, 1928,[12] Pelley had a profound out-of-body experience in Altadena, California which he detailed in an article titled "My Seven Minutes in Eternity" first published in the March 1929 issue of The American Magazine. The article later appeared in booklet form selling hundreds of thousands of copies.[13] Pelley became fascinated with metaphysics and Christianity and issued numerous publications on the subject. In 1929 he founded the spiritualist group League for the Liberation headquarter in Washington DC.[14]

In 1930 he moved to New York City, founded Galahad Press and began to lecture and teach on spiritualism.[15] Many of his followers at this time were women. He would later synthesize his spiritualism with politics proclaiming a "Liberation doctrine" in his publication the New Liberator.

He moved back to Washington DC in October 1931 and later to Asheville, North Carolina in July 1932.[16]

While other religious leaders on the far right such as Rev. Gerald L. K. Smith, Rev. Gerald Winrod and Father Charles Coughlin would at times quote scripture to make political points, Pelley would source "Ascended Masters" who he claimed to be in contact.[17] Although Pelley had unorthodox religious views he always maintained he was a Christian whereas Liberation doctrine represented the correct teachings of Christ.[18] Pelleyโ€™s ideal from of government which he described in his book No More Hunger was a Christian Commonwealth.

Political Career

Galahad College

When the Great Depression struck America in 1929, Pelley became active in politics in a variety of ways . After moving to Asheville in July 1932, Pelley founded Galahad College and a network of nondenominational spiritualist study groups called the League of the Liberators. The college specialized in correspondence, "Social Metaphysics," and "Christian Economics" courses.

Silver Shirts

Pelley being a mystic had a discussion with his business manager George Anderson on December 24, 1932 concerning an important event occurring on January 20 which he considered a significant date relating to Pyramid Prophecy. According to Anderson neither had any idea what the great event could be until the newspapers announced on that date Adolf Hitler was the new leader of Germany. Pelley immediately saw this as the event he was waiting for and decided to start his own political movement and founded the Silver Legion.[19]

The Silver Legionโ€™s emblem was a scarlet L standing for love, loyalty, and liberation, which was featured on their flags and uniforms.[20] Pelley--who was referred to as "The Chief"--founded chapters of the Silver Legion in almost every state in the country: the largest being Washington state. In Asheville he inaugurated a regular radio broadcast at station WNNC.[21]

Fascist Organizer

Pelley traveled throughout the United States holding mass rallies, lectures, and public speeches in order to attract Americans to his organization. Pelleyโ€™s political ideology essentially consisted of anti-communism, anti-Semitism and fascistic themes which were the primary focus of his numerous magazines and newspapers, which included Liberation, Pelley's Silvershirt Weekly, The Galilean, and The New Liberator. Of these publications, the February 3, 1934 edition of Liberation contained the suspect Franklin Prophecy, which claimed that Benjamin Franklin warned Americans not to allow jews to benefit from the United States Constitution[22].

Pelley was also an opponent of Franklin Delano Roosevelt and the New Deal, and founded the Christian Party of America, running for president in 1936. (See United States presidential election, 1936). The party achieved ballot status only in the state of Washington where Pelley received less than 1,600 votes.[23]

Persecution by FDR

On January 20, 1942; William Dudley Pelley was sentenced to serve two to three years in prison for violation of the North Carolina security laws.

His activities angered Roosevelt and his supporters, and charges were drawn up against the Silver Shirts in 1940. His Asheville headquarters was raided by federal marshals, his followers there arrested, and his property seized.

Despite serious financial and material setbacks to his organization resulting from lengthy court battles, Pelley continued to oppose Roosevelt, especially as the diplomatic relationships of the United States with the Empire of Japan and National Socialist Germany became more strained in the early 1940s. Pelley was an non-interventionist and accused Roosevelt of being a warmonger. Roosevelt enlisted J. Edgar Hoover and the FBI to investigate Pelley for libel, and the FBI interviewed Pelley's subscribers[24].

The End of the Silver Legion

Although the Attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941 led to the collapse of the Silver Legion, Pelley continued to attack the government with a magazine called Roll-Call[25], which alarmed Roosevelt, Attorney General Francis Biddle, and the House Un-American Activities Committee.

Imprisonment

After stating in one issue of Roll-Call that the devastation of the Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor was worse than the government claimed, Pelley was arrested April 1942 at his new base of operations in Noblesville, Indiana and was charged with high treason and sedition. On August 12, 1942--after a much-publicized trial--he was sentenced to 15 years in prison.

In 1944, Pelley was indicted again on new sedition charges and stood trial in Washington DC with 29 other defendants. Known as the "Great Sedition Trial of 1944", the proceedings came to an abrupt end when the judge died of a heart attack and a mistrial was declared.

Racial views

Pelley believed the "jewish Problem" in America could be solved by moving all jews in a state to a single area called "Beth Havens."[26] and sterilizing the male jewish population. He felt this would be better than the coming pogroms that he thought would inevitably happen with an aware and angry Gentile population.[27]

His views toward other races were less dogmatic. Pelley admired Abraham Lincoln and his decision to end slavery. Lincoln was his โ€œpatron saintโ€ and believed he should be celebrated for smashing the "jewish bankersโ€ when he issued the greenback note. To Pelley, Blacks should continue to remain in a segregated society or be repatriated back to Africa.

Pelley attempted to appeal to the American Indian and issued the publication Indians Aren't Red: The Inside Story of Administration Attempts to make Communists of the North Carolina Cherokees. He favored removing Indians from their reservations and populating them with jews.

The Japanese issued their own translation of his political manifesto No More Hunger.

Later life and death

Pelley was paroled February 14, 1950 and released from Federal Prison in Terra Haute, Indiana. After his release, he returned to Noblesville and began publishing metaphysical magazines and books avoiding political topics. He spent his time developing Liberation doctrine into a full-blown religion known as Soulcraft.

William Dudley Pelley died on July 1, 1965, at the age of 75 in Noblesville, Indiana.[28] He is buried in Crownland Cemetery alongside his third wife Agnes Marion Henderson Pelley (1898-1970) in an unmarked grave.[29]

Publications founded by Pelley

Works

Short Stories

  • List of short stories by William Dudley Pelley (1917-1929) [3]

Novels

  • The Greater Glory (1919) text
  • The Fog: a Novel (1921) text
  • The Four Guardmens (1921)
  • Drag: a Comedy (1924)
  • Golden Rubbish (1929)
  • The Trend is Upward (1930)
  • The Blue Lamp (1931)
  • Adventure - A Case at Law

Screenplays

  • The Fog (1923)
  • The Sawdust Trail (1924)
  • Torment (1924)
  • The Shock

Historical and political pamphlets

  • What Every Congressman Should Know (1936) image
  • Christ or Chaos! (1936)
  • Your Excellent Ancestors: How well do you know them? (1938)
  • What a Cultured Chinese Thinks of the jew, by H. Sing Woo, Ph.D. (Pelley pseudonym, 1938)[30]
  • Dupes Of Judah: The Inside Story of Why the World War was Fought (1939)text
  • The Key to Crisis (1939)
  • Indians Aren't Red: The Inside Story of Administration Attempts to make Communists of the North Carolina Cherokees cover
  • Crippleโ€™s Money
  • Our Secret Political Police
  • What Manner of Government is the Christ to Set Up?
  • There is a jewish World Plot, jews Say So!
  • Duress and Persuasion
  • Is this Nation Ruled by Invisible Government?
  • One Million Silver Shirts by 1939
  • Dies Political Posse
  • Applying House-sense to The Federal Mess

Political and spiritual books

  • Road into Sunrise: A Narrative of the Eternal Verities (1928)
  • Seven Minutes in Eternity with The Aftermath (1929)
  • Behold Life: Design for Liberation (circa 1930s)
  • No More Hunger: The Compact Plan of the Christian Commonwealth (1933)
  • Nations-In-Law: An Unconventional Analysis of Civics (1935)
  • The Door to Revelation: An Intimate Biography (1936)
  • Editorials by Pelley: Published during 1936 in Pelley's Weekly (1936)
  • Thinking Alive: Design for Creation (1938)
  • Hidden Empire (1938) presumed author
  • The 45 Questions Most Frequently Asked about the jews: With the Answers (1939) 46 pages
  • Earth Comes: Design for Materialization (1939)
  • What is a jew-Baiter? (1939?)
  • The Golden Scripts (From Transcriptions of the Recorder) (1941)
  • Henry Ford swims the Red Sea (1941)
  • Why I Believe the Dead are Alive (1942)
  • Pelley Indictment For Sedition (1942)
  • Star Guests: Design for Mortality (1950)
  • Thresholds of Tomorrow: A series of Prophetic Discourses (1951)
  • Something Better: How to bring in the Christian Commonwealth (1952)
  • Twilight Clear: A Volume of Soulcraft Poems (1952)
  • Dilemma: A challenge in Electronic Recordings (1953)
  • Figure Yourself Out: A Working System of Numerology for Beginners (1953)
  • Beyond Grandeur: Design for Immortality (1954)
  • Know Your Karma: Design for Destiny (1954)
  • Adam Awakes: Design for Romance (1955)
  • As Thou Lovest (1955)
  • Soul Eternal (1955)
  • Undying Mind (1955) text
  • Stairs to Greatness (1956)
  • Getting Born: Design for Reembodiment (1982)

Biographies

  • William Dudley Pelley: A Life in Right-Wing Extremism and the Occult, by Scott Beekmam, (2005).
  • The Price of Truth, by Melford Pearson, (April, 2009) softcover 146 pages ISBN:9781425183134 [4]

See also

External links

References

  1. โ†‘ Scott Beekman , "Pelley, William Dudley"
  2. โ†‘ Testimony before the House of Representatives Un-American Activities, February 8, 1940
  3. โ†‘ William Dudley Pelley: a Life in Right-wing Extremism and the Occult, by Scott Beekman, page 9
  4. โ†‘ Testimony of Robert B. Barker, Investigator for the Special Committee on Un-American Activities, August 28, 1939, before the House of Un-American Activities Committee, page 4184
  5. โ†‘ Hollywood and anti-semitism: a cultural history up to World War II, By Steven Alan Carr, page 119
  6. โ†‘ Politicians Who Were Involved in the Entertainment Industry
  7. โ†‘ Testimony before the House of Representatives Un-American Activities, February 7, 1940
  8. โ†‘ Testimony before the House of Representatives Un-American Activities, February 8, 1940
  9. โ†‘ The New Encyclopedia of the Occult, by John Michael Greer, page 366
  10. โ†‘ "45 Questions About the jews", William Dudley Pelley, 1939.
  11. โ†‘ Pelley and Hollywood Antisemitism
  12. โ†‘ Women of the Far Right: The Mothers' Movement and World War II, By Glen Jeansonne, page 37
  13. โ†‘ American jewish Committee report on Pelley and the Silver Shirts (undated)
  14. โ†‘ The Silver Shirts, Their History, Founder and Activities Bulletin, No. 3, American jewish Committee, August 24, 1933
  15. โ†‘ Testimony of Robert B. Barker, Investigator for the Special Committee on Un-American Activities, August 28, 1939, before the House of Un-American Activities Committee, page 4186
  16. โ†‘ Pelley a spy?
  17. โ†‘ William Dudley Pelley: a life in right-wing extremism and the occult, By Scott Beekman, page xiii
  18. โ†‘ William Dudley Pelley: a life in right-wing extremism and the occult, By Scott Beekman, page xiv
  19. โ†‘ Organized Anti-Semitism in America, by Donald S. Strong, page 46
  20. โ†‘ The "L"
  21. โ†‘ Pelley on the radio?
  22. โ†‘ Beekman, page 91
  23. โ†‘ White Rage, by Martin Durham, page 9
  24. โ†‘ Beekman, page 125
  25. โ†‘ "Strange Doings in Nobleville", Time, 27th January 1941[1]
  26. โ†‘ "BY ANY MEANS NECESSARY:" THE LEAGUE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS AGAINST NAZISM AND DOMESTIC FASCISM, 1933-1946 page 109 (114)
  27. โ†‘ American jewish Committee report on William Dudley Pelley
  28. โ†‘ William Dudley Pelley at Find A Grave [2]
  29. โ†‘ [http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSmcid=47072725&GRid=36433421& Agnes Marion Henderson Pelley at Find A Grave]
  30. โ†‘ AbeBooks.com

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