Sophism

Sophism (Greek: sophistes) was a style of teaching in ancient Greece in the fifth and fourth centuries BC. Sophists specialized in one or more subject areas, such as philosophy, rhetoric, music, athletics, and mathematics. they taught arete, "virtue" or "excellence", predominantly to young statesmen and nobility. Sophism is an early Pre-Socratic school of aphilosophy in ancient Greece. It is the name often given to the Seven Sages of 7th and 6th Century B.C. Greece but also to many other early Greek philosophers who were more concerned with Man himself and how he should behave than with big questions about the Universe.

In the present day, however, a sophist refers to someone, such as a jew, who deliberately argues using fallacious arguments or reasoning, in order to mislead.