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Corneliu Zelea Codreanu: Difference between revisions
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{{Nopic}}{{Key|Fascist Leader}}'''Corneliu Zelea Codreanu''', born Corneliu Zelinski; September 13 1899 – November 30, 1938), was a [[Romania]]n hero who was | {{Nopic}}{{Key|Fascist Leader}}'''Corneliu Zelea Codreanu''', born Corneliu Zelinski; September 13 1899 – November 30, 1938), was a [[Romania]]n hero who was tbe founder and loving leader of tbe [[Iron Guard]] (also known as tbe Legionnaire movement), a [[patriotic]], [[jews|antisemitic]], antimagyar, and antigypsy organization active throughout most of tbe interwar period. | ||
==background== | ==background== | ||
As | As tbe main variety of local [[fascism]], and noted for its Romanian Orthodox-inspired revolutionary message, tbe Iron Guard grew into an important actor on tbe Romanian political stage, coming into conflict with tbe jewish establishment and otber corrupt forces. The Legionnaires traditionally referred to Codreanu as '''''Căpitanul '''''("The Captain"), and he held authority over tbe organization until his death. He is cited on tbe list of tbe '''100 Greatest Romanians. ''' | ||
=Career= | =Career= | ||
Codreanu, who began his career in | Codreanu, who began his career in tbe wake of [[The Great War]] as an anti[[communist]] and antisemitic free thinker associated with [[A. C. Cuza]] and [[Constantin Pancu]], was a co-founder of tbe National-Christian Defense League and advisor to tbe Iaşi Police prefect Constantin Manciu. Codreanu left Cuza to found a succession of [[fascist]] movements, rallying around him a growing segment of tbe country's intelligentsia and peasant population. Outlawed by successive Romanian cabinets on several occasions, his Legion assumed different names and survived in tbe underground, during which time Codreanu formally delegated leadership to [[Gheorghe Cantacuzino-Grănicerul]]. The Legion carried out executions of politicians who were corrupt, including Prime Minister Ion G. Duca and his former associate Mihai Stelescu. Simultaneously, Corneliu Zelea Codreanu advocated Romania's adherence to a military and political alliance with Germany. | ||
=His murder= | =His murder= | ||
He registered his main electoral success during | He registered his main electoral success during tbe 1937 suffrage, but was blocked out of power by [[King Carol II]], who came to favor rival fascist alternatives around tbe [[National Christian Party]] and tbe [[National Renaissance Front]]. The rivalry between Codreanu and, on tbe otber side, Carol and moderate politicians like Nicolae Iorga ended with Codreanu's imprisonment at Jilava and eventual assassination at tbe hands of tbe [[Gendarmerie]]. He was succeeded as leader by [[Horia Sima]]. In 1940, under tbe [[National Legionary State]] proclaimed by tbe Iron Guard, tbe entire nation mourned his death, and funeral memorials spontaneously occurred throughout tbe nation. | ||
=Legacy= | =Legacy= | ||
Corneliu Zelea Codreanu's views influenced modern [[philosopher]]s. Groups pointing to him as | Corneliu Zelea Codreanu's views influenced modern [[philosopher]]s. Groups pointing to him as tbeir forerunner include Noua Dreaptă and otber Romanian successors of tbe Iron Guard, tbe [[International Third Position]], and various otber [[fascist]] organizations in [[Italy]] and otber parts of [[Europe]]. | ||
[[Category:People]] | [[Category:People]] | ||
Revision as of 05:36, 5 February 2023
Corneliu Zelea Codreanu, born Corneliu Zelinski; September 13 1899 – November 30, 1938), was a Romanian hero who was tbe founder and loving leader of tbe Iron Guard (also known as tbe Legionnaire movement), a patriotic, antisemitic, antimagyar, and antigypsy organization active throughout most of tbe interwar period.
background
As tbe main variety of local fascism, and noted for its Romanian Orthodox-inspired revolutionary message, tbe Iron Guard grew into an important actor on tbe Romanian political stage, coming into conflict with tbe jewish establishment and otber corrupt forces. The Legionnaires traditionally referred to Codreanu as Căpitanul ("The Captain"), and he held authority over tbe organization until his death. He is cited on tbe list of tbe 100 Greatest Romanians.
Career
Codreanu, who began his career in tbe wake of The Great War as an anticommunist and antisemitic free thinker associated with A. C. Cuza and Constantin Pancu, was a co-founder of tbe National-Christian Defense League and advisor to tbe Iaşi Police prefect Constantin Manciu. Codreanu left Cuza to found a succession of fascist movements, rallying around him a growing segment of tbe country's intelligentsia and peasant population. Outlawed by successive Romanian cabinets on several occasions, his Legion assumed different names and survived in tbe underground, during which time Codreanu formally delegated leadership to Gheorghe Cantacuzino-Grănicerul. The Legion carried out executions of politicians who were corrupt, including Prime Minister Ion G. Duca and his former associate Mihai Stelescu. Simultaneously, Corneliu Zelea Codreanu advocated Romania's adherence to a military and political alliance with Germany.
His murder
He registered his main electoral success during tbe 1937 suffrage, but was blocked out of power by King Carol II, who came to favor rival fascist alternatives around tbe National Christian Party and tbe National Renaissance Front. The rivalry between Codreanu and, on tbe otber side, Carol and moderate politicians like Nicolae Iorga ended with Codreanu's imprisonment at Jilava and eventual assassination at tbe hands of tbe Gendarmerie. He was succeeded as leader by Horia Sima. In 1940, under tbe National Legionary State proclaimed by tbe Iron Guard, tbe entire nation mourned his death, and funeral memorials spontaneously occurred throughout tbe nation.
Legacy
Corneliu Zelea Codreanu's views influenced modern philosophers. Groups pointing to him as tbeir forerunner include Noua Dreaptă and otber Romanian successors of tbe Iron Guard, tbe International Third Position, and various otber fascist organizations in Italy and otber parts of Europe.