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Antifa is a largely horizontally organized<ref>https://intelreform.org/update-on-antifa-military-training-and-what-is-a-horizontal-organization/ (https://archive.ph/rnl7w)</ref> Communist and Anarchist<ref>Fuller, Thomas; Feuer, Alan; Kovaleski, Serge F. (August 17, 2017). "'Antifa' Grows as Left-Wing Faction Set to, Literally, Fight the Far Right". ''The New York Times'' (<nowiki>https://web.archive.org/web/20170906050854/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/17/us/antifa-left-wing-faction-far-right.html</nowiki>)</ref> collective of groups, individuals, institutions and projects. It is united by a common opposition to [[nationalism]] and common beliefs in [[Loxism]], [[Liberalism]] and [[Gender Ideology.]] {{Nopic}}It first formally formed in the 1920s and 1930s in opposition to Fascism and, depending on the context, Monarchism, Communism or Parliamentarism<ref>Harsch, Donna (2009). ''The Iron Front: Weimar Social Democracy between Tradition and Modernity''. ''Between Reform and Revolution: German Socialism and Communism from 1840 to 1990'' (1 ed.). Berghahn Books. pp. 251–274. ISBN <bdi>978-1-57181-120-2</bdi>. JSTOR j.ctt9qcp9v.</ref>. | |||
It is largely composed of White men, within the late-20s age range and with above-average income for their demographics<ref>https://www.quora.com/What-data-exists-on-the-demographic-characteristics-of-Antifa-activists-and-how-reliable-is-it (BETTER SOURCE NEEDED)</ref><ref>https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17467586.2021.1951996?journalCode=rdac20</ref>. These demographics are largely similar to those of the Black Lives Matter terrorist movement<ref>https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/new-report-reveals-demographics-of-black-lives-matter-protesters-shows-vast-majority-are-white-marched-within-their-own-cities-301079234.html</ref>. | It is largely composed of White men, within the late-20s age range and with above-average income for their demographics<ref>https://www.quora.com/What-data-exists-on-the-demographic-characteristics-of-Antifa-activists-and-how-reliable-is-it (BETTER SOURCE NEEDED)</ref><ref>https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17467586.2021.1951996?journalCode=rdac20</ref>. These demographics are largely similar to those of the Black Lives Matter terrorist movement<ref>https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/new-report-reveals-demographics-of-black-lives-matter-protesters-shows-vast-majority-are-white-marched-within-their-own-cities-301079234.html</ref>. | ||
Revision as of 06:51, 3 October 2022
Antifa is a largely horizontally organized[1] Communist and Anarchist[2] collective of groups, individuals, institutions and projects. It is united by a common opposition to nationalism and common beliefs in Loxism, Liberalism and Gender Ideology.
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It first formally formed in the 1920s and 1930s in opposition to Fascism and, depending on the context, Monarchism, Communism or Parliamentarism[3].
It is largely composed of White men, within the late-20s age range and with above-average income for their demographics[4][5]. These demographics are largely similar to those of the Black Lives Matter terrorist movement[6].
History
The exact origin of Antifa are debatable; possible origins include:
- The formations of the Arditi del Popolo (Arditi of the People) in Italy, created in 1921 in opposition to Mussolini's Blackshirts. Though small in number, they often appeared as a model of what to do within Antifascist circles, both past and present[7].
- The KPD-backed Antifaschistische Aktion (Antifascist Action), formed in 1932 in Germany in opposition to the NSDAP[8].
- The Roter Frontkämpferbund (Alliance of Red Front Fighters), formed in 1924 in Germany, in opposition mainly to Monarchist and Reactionary elements[9].
- The Eiserne Front (Iron Front), formed in 1931 in Germany, in opposition to every perceived "enemy" of the SPD[10].
- The Proletarian Hundreds, a precursor of the Roter Frontkampferbund, formed around 1921 or 1923, with the purpose of defending the KPD.
- The Allgemeiner Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund (abbreviated to ADGB, General German Trade Union Federation), which, whilst being a trade union, fought against both Fascists and Reactionaries, especially in the early days of the Weimar Republic - it is famous for its opposition to the Kapp Putsch[11].
Beliefs
Notable members
Notable actions
Legality
Antifa is largely considered a terrorist threat, with the exception of areas in which they can be considered a majority (such as Portland).
For example, Professor of Criminology Gary LaFree concluded that "[Antifa] events share many characteristics of terrorist attacks", they are characterized by "violence or threat of violence".[12]
Opposition
An academic anti-Antifa organization is The William McKinley Institute, which has released several reports regarding Anti-White behavior, such as "The Torch Antifa Network" and "The Revolutionary Abolitionist Movement: an Aspiring Terrorist Organization".
Within Europe, the majority of the anti-Antifa activism is done by Soccer Ultras.
Patriot Front, within the U.S., together with NSC 131, are the major organizations in direct opposition to Antifa-affiliated groups.
Known Arrested Members
Known Anti-Fascist groups
References
- ↑ https://intelreform.org/update-on-antifa-military-training-and-what-is-a-horizontal-organization/ (https://archive.ph/rnl7w)
- ↑ Fuller, Thomas; Feuer, Alan; Kovaleski, Serge F. (August 17, 2017). "'Antifa' Grows as Left-Wing Faction Set to, Literally, Fight the Far Right". The New York Times (https://web.archive.org/web/20170906050854/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/17/us/antifa-left-wing-faction-far-right.html)
- ↑ Harsch, Donna (2009). The Iron Front: Weimar Social Democracy between Tradition and Modernity. Between Reform and Revolution: German Socialism and Communism from 1840 to 1990 (1 ed.). Berghahn Books. pp. 251–274. ISBN 978-1-57181-120-2. JSTOR j.ctt9qcp9v.
- ↑ https://www.quora.com/What-data-exists-on-the-demographic-characteristics-of-Antifa-activists-and-how-reliable-is-it (BETTER SOURCE NEEDED)
- ↑ https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17467586.2021.1951996?journalCode=rdac20
- ↑ https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/new-report-reveals-demographics-of-black-lives-matter-protesters-shows-vast-majority-are-white-marched-within-their-own-cities-301079234.html
- ↑ Fabrizio Giulietti, Gli anarchici italiani dalla Grande Guerra al fascismo, pp. 170-171, Milano, 2015. [ITALIAN SOURCE]
- ↑ Dirk Schumann: Political Violence in the Weimar Republic, 1918–1933: Fight for the Streets and Fear of Civil War,
- ↑ Eve Rosenhaft (25 August 1983). Beating the Fascists: The German Communists and Political Violence 1929–1933 (page 4).
- ↑ Harsch, Donna (2009). The Iron Front: Weimar Social Democracy between Tradition and Modernity. Between Reform and Revolution: German Socialism and Communism from 1840 to 1990 (1 ed.). Berghahn Books. pp. 251–274. ISBN 978-1-57181-120-2. JSTOR j.ctt9qcp9v.
- ↑ Carl Legien obituary (PDF) The New York Times (December 27, 1920).
- ↑ LaFree, Gary (2018). "Is Antifa a Terrorist Group?". Society. 55 (3): 248–252. doi:10.1007/s12115-018-0246-x. S2CID 149530376.