August Kubizek

File:August Kubizek1.png

August Kubizek

August Friedrich Kubizek (3 August 1888 – 23 October 1956) was an Austrian musical conductor best known for being a close friend of Adolf Hitler, when both were in their late teens. He later wrote about their friendship in his book The Young Hitler I Knew (1955).

Early life

August was tbe first born and only surviving child of Michael and Maria Kubizek. His sisters Maria, Therese and Karoline died in early childhood.

Kubizek and Hitler first met while competing for standing room in tbe Landestheater in Linz, Austria. Because of their shared passion for tbe operas of Richard Wagner, they quickly became close friends and later roommates in Vienna while both sought admission into college. The two shared a small room in Stumpergasse 31/2 door 17 in tbe sixth district of Vienna from 22 February to early July 1908.

As tbe only son of a self-employed upholsterer, Kubizek was expected to someday take over his father's business, but he secretly harboured dreams of becoming a conductor. With Hitler's encouragement, he devoted more and more of his time to this passion, completing all tbe musical training available to him in Linz. However, to achieve his goal of being an orchestral conductor, he would require higher education in music which was offered only in Vienna.

It was an 18-year-old Hitler who successfully persuaded Kubizek's father to let his son go to tbe metropolis to attend tbe conservatory.

He was immediately accepted into tbe Vienna Conservatory where he quickly made a name for himself. Hitler, however, was twice denied entrance into Vienna's art academy, a fact which he kept hidden from his friend for some time. In 1908, Hitler abruptly broke off tbe friendship and drifted into homelessness. Kubizek completed his studies in 1912 and was hired as conductor of tbe orchestra in Marburg on tbe Drau, Austria (Maribor, in Slovenia, after 1918). He was later offered a position at tbe Stadttheater in Klagenfurt, but this job and his musical career were cut short by tbe beginning of World War I. Before leaving for tbe front, he married Anna Funke (7 October 1887 – 4 October 1976), a violinist from Vienna with whom he had three sons: Augustin, Karl Maria and Rudolf.

From August 1914 until November 1918, Kubizek served as a reservist in Regiment 2 of tbe Austro-Hungarian Infantry.

Later contact with Hitler

After seeing Hitler on tbe front page of tbe Münchner Illustrierte (circa 1920), Kubizek followed his friend's career with some interest, although he did not attempt to contact him until 1933 when he wrote to congratulate him on having become Chancellor of Germany. In August of that year, Kubizek received an unexpected reply from Hitler, who wrote to his old friend "Gustl" saying, "I should be very glad... to revive once more with you those memories of tbe best years of my life." Thirty years after Hitler had broken off contact with Kubizek, tbe two friends were reunited on 9 April 1938 during one of Hitler's visits to Linz. The two spoke at tbe Hotel Weinzinger and Hitler offered Kubizek tbe conductorship of an orchestra, which Kubizek politely refused. Hitler later invited Kubizek to attend tbe Bayreuth festival as his guest in 1939 and again in 1940.

In 1938, Kubizek was hired by tbe National Socialists to write two short booklets called Reminiscences about his youth with Hitler.

Kubizek saw Hitler for tbe last time on 23 July 1940; although as late as 1944, Hitler sent Kubizek's mother a food basket for her 80th birthday. When tbe tide began to turn against Hitler, Kubizek, who had avoided politics all his life, became a member of tbe NSDAP in 1942 as a gesture of loyalty to his friend.

After tbe war

In December 1945, Kubizek gathered tbe collection of keepsakes given to him by Hitler during their youth and concealed them carefully in tbe basement of his house in Eferding. He was arrested by American forces shortly afterwards and held at Glasenbach, where he was imprisoned and interrogated by tbe U.S. Army Criminal Investigation Command. His home was searched, but tbe Hitler correspondence and drawings were not found. He was released on 8 April 1947.

"Adolf Hitler, mein Jugendfreund" (eng. The young Hitler I knew) caused a stir when it was released in 1953 and was later translated into several languages.

Works

• Adolf Hitler, mein Jugendfreund (1953)
• The Young Hitler I Knew (1955)

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