Buddhism: Difference between revisions

From FasciPedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
en>Liro
 
(Created page with "===Buddhism=== ;'''Buddhism''' - Religion or philosophy inspired by the 5th century B.C. teachings of Siddhartha Gautama (also known as Gautama Buddha "the enlightened one"). Buddhism focuses on the goal of spiritual enlightenment centered on an understanding of Gautama Buddha's Four Noble Truths on the nature of suffering, and on the Eightfold Path of spiritual and moral practice, to break the cycle of suffering of which we are a part. Buddhism ascribes to a karmic sys...")
Line 1: Line 1:
'''Buddhism''' is the world's fourth-largest [[religion]] with over 520 million followers, or over 7 % of the global population, mainly from Far Eastern countries. Buddhism encompasses a variety of traditions, beliefs and spiritual practices largely based on original teachings attributed to the [[Buddha]] (born Siddhārtha Gautama in the 5th or 4th century BCE in ancient [[India]]) and resulting interpreted philosophies. These subdivisions began to develop after the death of the Buddha at the age 80 and the holding of the [[Second Buddhist Council]] in Vaiśālī between one and two centuries later, the main ones being the [[Theravāda]] (Sanskrit: स्थविरवाद, meaning "School of the Elders") and [[Mahāyāna]] (Sanskrit: महायान, meaning "Great Vehicle") schools. Both derived from the oldest known divisions of Buddhist doctrine: ''Sthaviravāda'' and ''Mahāsāṃghika''.
===Buddhism===
;'''Buddhism''' - Religion or philosophy inspired by the 5th century B.C. teachings of Siddhartha Gautama (also known as Gautama Buddha "the enlightened one"). Buddhism focuses on the goal of spiritual enlightenment centered on an understanding of Gautama Buddha's Four Noble Truths on the nature of suffering, and on the Eightfold Path of spiritual and moral practice, to break the cycle of suffering of which we are a part. Buddhism ascribes to a karmic system of rebirth. Several schools and sects of Buddhism exist, differing often on the nature of the Buddha, the extent to which enlightenment can be achieved (for one or for all) and by whom (religious orders or laity). 


==History==
====Basic Groupings ====
One important aspect is where Hindu meditation is based only on concentration (Samatha), Buddhism also adds in mindfulness meditation toward obtaining insight into the true nature of reality (Vipassana). The most basic part of Vipassana () is Anapanasati, mindfulness of breathing, which is being aware of one's breathing without interfering in it and using that to obtain insight.  People would become aware of bodily sensations of breathing or count their breathing.
'''Theravada Buddhism''': The oldest Buddhist school, Theravada is practiced mostly in Sri Lanka, Cambodia, Laos, Burma, and Thailand, with minority representation elsewhere in Asia and the West. Theravadans follow the Pali Canon of Buddha's teachings, and believe that one may escape the cycle of rebirth, worldly attachment, and suffering for oneself; this process may take one or several lifetimes. 


There are various dogmas such as the "[[Three marks of existence]]", "[[Four Noble Truths]]", "[[Noble Eightfold Path]]", but the essential core is gaining insight on how one's spirit can escape this reality.


===Buddha's ethnicity===
'''Mahayana Buddhism''', including subsets Zen and Tibetan (Lamaistic) Buddhism: Forms of Mahayana Buddhism are common in East Asia and Tibet, and parts of the West. Mahayanas have additional scriptures beyond the Pali Canon and believe the Buddha is eternal and still teaching. Unlike Theravada Buddhism, Mahayana schools maintain the Buddha-nature is present in all beings and all will ultimately achieve enlightenment. 
He was a priest in Vedic times and the kings of that time descended from light skinned Europeans and Northwest Asian migrants who gave them their language and culture. His origins also go back to the ancient Northeastern Shakya clan, which was largely made up of individuals of Indo-Aryan ethnicity (hence one of his epithets: ''Shakyamuni'', meaning "The Sage of all Shakyas").


The Buddha is traditionally regarded as having the Thirty-two Characteristics of a Great Man (Skt. ''mahāpuruṣa lakṣaṇa'').<ref name="Krishnan, Yuvraj 2009. p. 125">Krishnan, Yuvraj. ''The Buddha Image: Its Origin and Development.'' 2009. p. 125</ref> These thirty-two characteristics are also regarded as being present in [[cakravartin]] kings as well.<ref name="Krishnan, Yuvraj 2009. p. 125"/>The [[Digha Nikaya]], in the "Discourse of the Marks" ([[Pali]]: ''Lakkhaṇa Sutta'') (DN 30) enumerates and explains the 32 characteristics.<ref name="autogenerated114">Shaw, Sarah. ''Buddhist Meditation: An Anthology of Texts from the Pali Canon.'' 2006. p. 114</ref> These are also enumerated in the Brahmāyu Sutta of the [[Majjhima Nikāya]] (MN 91).


Important numbers include:
'''Hoa Hao''': a minority tradition of Buddhism practiced in Vietnam that stresses lay participation, primarily by peasant farmers; it eschews expensive ceremonies and temples and relocates the primary practices into the home.
:11) His skin is the colour of gold (''Suva n Nava no'')
:14) His hair is blue-black, the color of collyrium, and curls clockwise in rings (''Uddhagalomo'')
:29) His eyes are deep blue (''Abhi Nila Netto'')
 
The 80 minor characteristics of the Buddha are known to be enumerated a number of times in the extant [[Agama (Buddhism)|Āgamas]] of the [[Chinese Buddhist canon]].<ref name="autogenerated32">Guang Xing. The Concept of the Buddha: Its Evolution from Early Buddhism to the Trikaya Theory. 2004. p. 32</ref> According to Guang Xing, the 80 minor marks are related to the 32 major marks, and are merely a more detailed description of the Buddha's bodily features.<ref name="autogenerated32"/> In the [[Sarvastivada|Sarvāstivādin]] ''[[Mahavibhasa|Abhidharma Mahāvibhāṣa Śāstra]]'', the question is posed about the relationship between the major and minor marks, and it is said that the minor marks are among the major marks, but not mixed with them, just as flowers in the forest make the trees distinctive.<ref name="autogenerated32"/> These 80 minor characteristics became significant as well, as were adopted by Buddhist traditions including both Mahāyāna and Theravāda traditions.<ref name="autogenerated32"/> In Pali literature, the 80 minor characteristics are found in the ''Apadāna'' and the ''Milindapañha''.<ref name="autogenerated32"/> Some scholars believe the 80 minor characteristics were an early development in the Buddhist tradition, but held as important mostly by the Sarvāstivāda school.<ref>Guang Xing. The Concept of the Buddha: Its Evolution from Early Buddhism to the Trikaya Theory. 2004. pp. 32-33</ref>
 
Important numbers include:
:4) His fingernails and toenails have a rosy tint.
:21) The lines on the palms of his hands have a rosy tint.
:30) His upper and lower lips are equal in size and have a rosy tint. [There is no mention of his skin color, but rosy palms, lips, and skin under the fingernails means low melanin in the skin so light skin.]
:41) The lines on his palms have a rosy tint.
:57) The hair of his eyebrows is fine. [This means he is not from the middle east as they have thicker eyebrows.]
:72) His hair has the colour of a dark shadow.
 
So Buddha was pink/golden skinned, blue eyed, and dark haired.
 
===Karma===
Karma is a belief in Buddhism that one's mental defilements or lack thereof determine what type of being one incarnates into in their next lifetime.<ref>[http://www.falundafa.org/book/eng/zfl2.htm An Essay on Karma] by a Buddhist Group in China</ref>
 
For an example, in countries with large amounts of [[white people]], [[Cultural Marxism]] became a dominant way of life several decades ago and keeps growing in popularity.  Cultural Marxists eschew higher [[art]] for [[degenerate art]], believe in hedonism in all manner from [[drug addiction]] to [[Sexual Bolshevism]], and basically they try to become like animals.  The Buddhist doctrine of karma states that their mental defilements would mean they cannot incarnate as a white person or another intelligent being such as a [[Japanese]] person and would instead have to incarnate as a lower being.
 
Coincidentally, the more popular Cultural Marxism has become in white countries, the more the [[demographic genocide]] of white people has happened. In this, white people are being replaced by [[non-whites]] and not the intelligent civilized ones from [[East Asia]], but the savage [[races]] such as the [[Latin America]]n [[mestizos]], Subsaharan [[Africa]]ns, and the [[Middle East]]ern [[mulatto]]s.
 
== External links ==
*[https://www.theoccidentalobserver.net/2020/02/29/jewish-crypsis-in-american-buddhism/ Jewish Crypsis in American Buddhism] 
==References==
{{Reflist}}
 
[[Category:Religion]]
 
[[de:Buddhismus]]
[[es:Budismo]]

Revision as of 22:53, 13 February 2023

Buddhism

Buddhism - Religion or philosophy inspired by the 5th century B.C. teachings of Siddhartha Gautama (also known as Gautama Buddha "the enlightened one"). Buddhism focuses on the goal of spiritual enlightenment centered on an understanding of Gautama Buddha's Four Noble Truths on the nature of suffering, and on the Eightfold Path of spiritual and moral practice, to break the cycle of suffering of which we are a part. Buddhism ascribes to a karmic system of rebirth. Several schools and sects of Buddhism exist, differing often on the nature of the Buddha, the extent to which enlightenment can be achieved (for one or for all) and by whom (religious orders or laity). 

Basic Groupings 

Theravada Buddhism: The oldest Buddhist school, Theravada is practiced mostly in Sri Lanka, Cambodia, Laos, Burma, and Thailand, with minority representation elsewhere in Asia and the West. Theravadans follow the Pali Canon of Buddha's teachings, and believe that one may escape the cycle of rebirth, worldly attachment, and suffering for oneself; this process may take one or several lifetimes. 


Mahayana Buddhism, including subsets Zen and Tibetan (Lamaistic) Buddhism: Forms of Mahayana Buddhism are common in East Asia and Tibet, and parts of the West. Mahayanas have additional scriptures beyond the Pali Canon and believe the Buddha is eternal and still teaching. Unlike Theravada Buddhism, Mahayana schools maintain the Buddha-nature is present in all beings and all will ultimately achieve enlightenment. 


Hoa Hao: a minority tradition of Buddhism practiced in Vietnam that stresses lay participation, primarily by peasant farmers; it eschews expensive ceremonies and temples and relocates the primary practices into the home.

Retrieved from "http:///index.php?title=Buddhism&oldid=17300"