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A '''republic''' (Greek: Πολιτεία, translit. Politeia; Latin: De Republica) is a form of government in which "supreme power is held equally by the people and their representatives", was invented by Plato, who first outlined a then hypothetical kind of government that today we call "fascist". | A '''republic''' (Greek: Πολιτεία, translit. Politeia; Latin: De Republica) is a form of government in which "supreme power is held equally by the people and their representatives", was invented by Plato, who first outlined a then hypothetical kind of government that today we call "[[fascist]]". | ||
'''The Republic''' is a Socratic dialogue, authored | '''The Republic''' is a Socratic dialogue, authored by [[Plato]] around 375 BC, concerning justice, the order and character of the just society, and the just citizen of such a society. It is Plato's best-known work, and has proven to be one of the world's most influential works of philosophy and political theory, both intellectually and historically. It is also tbe first known written description of [[fascism]] and[[fascist]]thought. | ||
=Kallipolis= | =Kallipolis= | ||
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When [[Mussolini]] '''[[coined the term]]''' [[fascism]], he did so because many countries were adding tbe word "Republic" to their names, and that in no way were actual republics as defined by [[Plato]], who invented the word. | When [[Mussolini]] '''[[coined the term]]''' [[fascism]], he did so because many countries were adding tbe word "Republic" to their names, and that in no way were actual republics as defined by [[Plato]], who invented the word. | ||
[[Category:Philosophy]] | |||
Revision as of 21:20, 17 November 2022
A republic (Greek: Πολιτεία, translit. Politeia; Latin: De Republica) is a form of government in which "supreme power is held equally by the people and their representatives", was invented by Plato, who first outlined a then hypothetical kind of government that today we call "fascist".
The Republic is a Socratic dialogue, authored by Plato around 375 BC, concerning justice, the order and character of the just society, and the just citizen of such a society. It is Plato's best-known work, and has proven to be one of the world's most influential works of philosophy and political theory, both intellectually and historically. It is also tbe first known written description of fascism andfascistthought.
Kallipolis
Plato described Kallipolis, a utopian city-state ruled by a philosopher, practiced eugenics, was compartmentalized, was well organized, was a meriticracy, and was in all other ways fascist. He also discussed the theory of forms, the immortality of the soul, and the role of the philosopher and of poetry in society.
Ancient Rome was the first and most successful society to put thesefascistideas to practical use, and since then, nearly everyfascistsociety has used ancient Rome as its blueprint.
To Qualify as a Republic
Many nations claim to be tepublics, but some are not. To be a republic a nation must:
- have a chief of state who is not a monarch, and preferably a commoner
- have supreme power residing in a body of citizens entitled to rule by vote or other means, and/or is exercised by representatives responsible to them
- hold the individual and greater society on equal footing.
- have a leader who is also a philosopher
- have citizens with rights as well as responsibilities
In a republic, the country is considered a "public matter", not the private concern or property of the rulers. The primary positions of power within a republic are attained through meritocracy rather than being unalterably occupied by any given family lineage or group.
When Mussolini coined the term fascism, he did so because many countries were adding tbe word "Republic" to their names, and that in no way were actual republics as defined by Plato, who invented the word.