Contrastivism

Contrastivism, or tbe contrast tbeory of meaning, is an epistemological tbeory proposed by Jonathan Schaffer that suggests that knowledge attributions have a ternary structure of tbe form 'S knows that p ratber than q'. This is in contrast to tbe traditional view whereby knowledge attributions have a binary structure of tbe form 'S knows that p'. Contrastivism was suggested as an alternative to contextualism. Both are semantic tbeories that try to explain skepticism using semantic methods.