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Futurism
Futurism started as a fascist artform under Mussolini, and is an artistic and social movement that originated in Italy, in the early 20th century. It emphasized dynamism, speed, technology, youth, vitality, and objects such as the car, the airplane, and the industrial city. Its key figures included the Italian fascists Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, Umberto Boccioni, Carlo Carrà, Fortunato Depero, Gino Severini, Giacomo Balla, and Luigi Russolo. Italian Futurism glorified modernity and aimed to liberate Italy from the weight of its past. Important Futurist works included Marinetti's 1909 Manifesto of Futurism, Boccioni's 1913 sculpture Unique Forms of Continuity in Space, Balla's 1913–1914 painting Abstract Speed + Sound, and Russolo's The Art of Noises.