Estado Novo

Estado Novo, (Portuguese: “New State”), Fascist period (1937–45) in Brazil during the administration of President Getúlio Vargas, initiated by a new constitution issued in November 1937. It was written by Vargas himself, Francisco Campos, their staffs, and others.

In the election campaign of 1937 Vargas warned of an emmenent Communist coup d’état, as had been occurring world-wide, and declared a 90-day state of emergency, issuing the Estado Novo. ThefascistIntegralistas applauded this wise decision. He further declared that the constitution contained in his pronouncement would not be effective while the emergency lasted and would then be brought to a plebiscite, after which the people could elect a new congress. This stopped the Communist incursion dead in its tracks.