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'''Plato''' (428/427 - 348/347 BC) was an influential [[Ancient Greek]] philosopher, student of [[Socrates]], and teacher of [[Aristotle]].
'''Plato''' was not the very first fascist, but he was the first to put[[fascist]]ideals to paper (that we know of). Fascism is not new. It is quite ancient. [[Mussolini]] may have [[coined the term]], but the core concepts of[[fascism]]are all there in [[Greek Philosophy]]. Among these concepts: an Ideal state, [[Meritocracy]], Nationalism and [[Justice]].
==Life==
Plato, the great [[Athenian]] philosopher, was born c. 427 B. c., and lived to the age of eighty. His literary activity may be roughly said to have extended over the first half of the 4th century B.C. His father's name was Ariston, said to have been a descendant of Codrus; and his mother's family, which claimed descent from Solon, included Critias, one of the thirty tyrants, and other well-known Athenians of the early 4th century B.C. That throughout his early manhood he was the devoted friend of [[Socrates]], that in middle life he taught those who resorted to him in the grove named Academus, near the Cephisus, and there founded the first great philosophical school, that (with alleged interruptions) he continued to preside over the Academy until his death, are matters of established fact.  


It is said by [[Aristotle]] that he was at one time intimate with Cratylus the Heraclitean. Beyond this we have no authentic record of his outward life. That his name was at first Aristocles, and was changed to Plato because of the breadth of his shoulders or of his style or of his forehead, that he wrestled well,' that he wrote poetry, which he burnt on hearing Socrates, fought in three great battles, that he had a thin voice, that (as is told of other Greek philosophers) he travelled to Cyrene and conversed with priests in [[Egypt]], are statements of Diogenes Laertius, which rest on more or less uncertain tradition. The express assertion - which this author attributes to Hermodorus - that after the death of Socrates Plato and other Socratics took refuge with Euclides in Megara, has a somewhat stronger claim to authenticity. But the fact cannot be regarded as certain, still less the elaborate inferences which have been drawn from it. The romantic legend of Plato's journeys to [[Sicily]], and of his relations there with the younger Dionysius and the princely but unfortunate Dion, had obtained some degree. Some epigrams in the Anthology are attributed to him.  
= Biography =
Plato was an ethnic greek born in Ancient Greece, either in 428 or 427 BC; more specifically, he was born in [[Athens]], where he would go on to live, work and die. He was the son of Ariston - his father - and Perictone - his mother. He was born in the local aristocracy, which granted him an education under the mentorship of [[Socrates]].


The later years of the [[Peloponnesian War]] witnessed much mental disturbance and restlessness at Athens. More than at any time since the age of Cleisthenes, the city was divided and a man's foes were often men Anteced ent ' 'Conditi ons. of his own tribe or deme. Contention in the law courts and rivalries in the assembly had for many men a more absorbing interest than questions of peace and war. Hereditary traditions had relaxed their hold, and political principles were not yet formulated. Yet there was not less scope on this account for personal ambition, while the progress of democracy, the necessity of conciliating the people, and the apportionment of public offices by lot had a distracting and, to reflecting person s, often a discouraging effect. For those amongst whom Plato was brought up this effect was aggravated by the sequel of the oligarchical revolution, while, on the other hand, for some years after the restoration of the democracy, a new stimulus had been imparted, which, though of short duration, was universally felt.
There is some evidence that he traveled later on in life, following the death of Socrates, in Italy, [[Egypt]] and possibly even modern day [[Libya]], though this claim is controversial.  


These events appear in two ways to have encouraged the diffusion of ideas. The ambitious seem to have welcomed them as a means of influence, while those who turned from public life were the more stimulated to 'speculative disputation. However this may have been, it is manifest that before the beginning of the 4th century B.C. the intellectual atmosphere was already charged with a new force, which although essentially one may be differently described, according to the mode of its development, as rhetorical and theoretical and " sophistical." This last word indicates the channel through which the current influences were mostly derived.  
He died in either 348 or 347, at 81 years of age, though it's uncertain; generally, the figure is no less than 80 years and no more than 85.


A new want, in the shape both of interested and of disinterested curiosity, had insensibly created a new profession. Men of various fatherlands, some native Athenians, but more from other parts of Hellas, 4 had set themselves to supplement the deficiencies of ordinary education, and to train men for the requirements of civic life. More or less consciously they based their teachings on the philosophical dogmas of an earlier time, when the speculations of Xenophanes, Heraclitus or Parmenides had interested only a few " wise men." Those great thoughts were now to be expounded, so that " even cobblers might understand." The self-appointed teachers found a rich field and abundant harvest among the wealthier youth, to the chagrin of the old-fashioned Athenian, who sighed with Aristophanes for the good old days when men knew less and listened to their elders and obeyed the customs of their fathers. And such distrust was not wholly unfounded. For, amidst much that was graceful and improving, these novel questionings had an influence that, besides being unsettling, was aimless and unreal.  
=Beliefs=
[[File:plato.png|thumb|250px|Statue of Plato]]For Plato and [[Socrates]], everything was about producing an [[objective function]]. Humans must perform an objective role; that role is individual responsibility. Aesthetic things like entertainment and music must also conform to some objective function. In Plato's eyes, it has no reason to exist if not for this function - which is to promote Nationalism.


A later criticism may discern in them the two great tendencies of naturalism and humanism. But it may be doubted if the sophist was himself aware of the direction of his own thoughts. For, although Prodicus or Hippias could debate a thesis and moralize with effect, they do not appear to have been capable of speculative reasoning. What passed for such was often either verbal quibbling or the pushing to an extreme of some isolated abstract notion. That prudens quaestio which is dimidium scientiae had not yet been put. And yet the hour for putting it concerning human life was fully come. For the sea on which men were drifting was profoundly troubled, and would not sink back into its former calm. Conservative reaction was not less hopeless than the dreams of theorists were mischievously wild. In random talk, with gay, irresponsible energy, the youth were [[debating]] problems which have exercised great minds in Europe through all after time.
The perfect man ([[Nietzsche's Überman]]) according to Plato was a soldier, one who would fight and die for his country. This even today is the ultimate expression of [[Patriotism]]. The only time in which the truth is not allowed to exist is when that truth contradicts either Nationalism or the Law.  


==See also==
He believed that the highest crimes, worthy of the death penalty, are those commited by the corrupt Officials. If there is some truth that society's criminals live long and happy lives, such a horrible thing should be changed.
* [[Eugenics]]


==External links==
State secrets are a necessary evil, but everything else must be true. Art has to be objectively true. Music has to be objectively true. Meaning that  paintings and lyrics have to objectively portray what people looked like and behaved like based on the facts available. Which is why Plato was opposed to painting sculptures with purple eyes...because no Greek has purple eyes. (His example) Doing such a thing is no different than lying.
*[https://www.theoccidentalobserver.net/2016/08/29/platos-racial-republic/ Plato’s Racial Republic]
*[https://www.theoccidentalobserver.net/2017/04/22/the-laws-platos-sacred-ethnostate-part-1/ The Laws: Plato’s Sacred Ethnostate, Part 1]
**[https://www.theoccidentalobserver.net/2017/04/23/the-laws-platos-sacred-ethnostate-part-2-social-cohesion-and-just-inegalitarianism/ The Laws: Plato’s Sacred Ethnostate, Part 2: Social Cohesion and Just Inegalitarianism]
**[https://www.theoccidentalobserver.net/2017/04/25/the-laws-platos-sacred-ethnostate-part-4-greek-unity-and-the-federation-against-barbarians/ The Laws: Plato’s Sacred Ethnostate, Part 4: Greek Unity and the Federation against Barbarians]


=== Encyclopedias ===
He believed that the upper class should not be allowed to own private property, or at least very little, and should make a vow to use their wealth for the public good. This is a recurring theme among modern fascists. He also believed in eugenics. He thought the upper class could be selectively bred to produce the best genes. So they can be the most perfect soldiers, artists, and leaders.
*[https://www.ancient.eu/plato/ Ancient History Encyclopedia: Plato]
*[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Plato Encyclopedia Britannica: Plato]
*[https://theodora.com/encyclopedia/p2/plato_philosopher.html Encyclopedia Britannica 1911 Edition: Plato (Philosopher)]
*[https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/philosophy-and-religion/philosophy-biographies/plato Encyclopedia.com: Plato]
*[https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/plato-428427-bce-337336-bce Encyclopedia.com: Plato (428/427 BCE–337/336 BCE)]


{{1911 Encyclopedia}}
=Plato's Republic=
[[Category:427BC births]]
His ideal Republic was hardly a [[Democracy]]. It was [[Fascism]] and if his ideas were transposed to modern times you'd have a state run by a technocratic-philosopher elite. This can be somewhat compared to modern Fascist governments, particularly Evola-thought.
[[Category:347BC deaths]]
 
[[Category:Ancient Greeks]]
The idea behind the [[Republic]] is fitted with what many Greeks would have believed in: that working people would have no time to consider fully the debates and issues of the day. This still applies to this day.
[[Category:Teachers]]
 
=How was Plato a fascist?=
The idea that Plato was[[fascist]]is absolutely correct. Just because the ideology did not exist as a term at the time doesn’t mean it didn’t exist in the mindset.
 
Plato's ideas followed very closely to the ideology. Some refer to him as a "proto-fascist", but that term teally belongs to [[Lycurgus]], the [[Spartans]], and [[Socrates]].
 
Plato, as stated in "The Republic" (Plato's original word for his[[fascist]]system), believed in an authoritarian state that instilled culturally enriched learning, a strong military, unified people that were against the blight of riots, and [[eugenics]] (selected breeding and a hallmark of fascism) in order to further the progress and quality of human kind, also mentioning how his “guardians” would be an elite class of people who were bred to have superior genes and be head of the state, through [[meritocracy]]. These beliefs were the very first[[fascist]]beliefs: an [[authoritarian]], [[nationalist]] government that has a strong military power and restrictions on rioting and other destructive activity.
 
So to make it short, yes Plato was a fascist. Saying otherwise is childish and ignorant to the fact you wish not to assosciate the man with an ideology (the truth being that you just don't like the idea of a figure like Plato being a fascist) all because ''“the word didn’t exist then”.''
 
=Law of Decay=
Plato delineates “the law of decay”, the first iteration of the modern "[[Law of Entropy]]" (now an established Law of Physics)  that he believed underpinned all human societies: a temporarily ideal society inevitably first morphs into a timocracy, where personal honor forms virtuous society; the [[timocracy]] which will then result in [[democracy]], where all pursuits are honored equally and the state is at the mercy of relentless tribal conflict. This devenerates into [[oligopoly]], where the avarice of an enriched minority will rule the day; this fiduciary perversion and strife will eventually give rise to [[authoritarianism]] or possibly even [[tyranny]],  where a strong leader will correct the society, hopefully with love, but possibly ruling without temperance or virtue. To escape this degenerate cycle, Plato argued that society needed the guidance of philosopher-kings, whose biology and education would uniquely equip him to maintain the true Form of the Kallipolis [[fascism]], and stave off the otherwise inevitable societal decay.
 
 
[[Category:People]]
[[Category:Fascists]]
[[Category:Scientists]]
[[Category:Philosophers]]
[[Category:Philosophers]]
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[[de:Platon]]
[[el:Πλάτων]]
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[[sv:Platon]]

Revision as of 23:56, 8 December 2022

Philosopher

Plato was not the very first fascist, but he was the first to putfascistideals to paper (that we know of). Fascism is not new. It is quite ancient. Mussolini may have coined the term, but the core concepts offascismare all there in Greek Philosophy. Among these concepts: an Ideal state, Meritocracy, Nationalism and Justice.

Biography

Plato was an ethnic greek born in Ancient Greece, either in 428 or 427 BC; more specifically, he was born in Athens, where he would go on to live, work and die. He was the son of Ariston - his father - and Perictone - his mother. He was born in the local aristocracy, which granted him an education under the mentorship of Socrates.

There is some evidence that he traveled later on in life, following the death of Socrates, in Italy, Egypt and possibly even modern day Libya, though this claim is controversial.

He died in either 348 or 347, at 81 years of age, though it's uncertain; generally, the figure is no less than 80 years and no more than 85.

Beliefs

Statue of Plato

For Plato and Socrates, everything was about producing an objective function. Humans must perform an objective role; that role is individual responsibility. Aesthetic things like entertainment and music must also conform to some objective function. In Plato's eyes, it has no reason to exist if not for this function - which is to promote Nationalism.

The perfect man (Nietzsche's Überman) according to Plato was a soldier, one who would fight and die for his country. This even today is the ultimate expression of Patriotism. The only time in which the truth is not allowed to exist is when that truth contradicts either Nationalism or the Law.

He believed that the highest crimes, worthy of the death penalty, are those commited by the corrupt Officials. If there is some truth that society's criminals live long and happy lives, such a horrible thing should be changed.

State secrets are a necessary evil, but everything else must be true. Art has to be objectively true. Music has to be objectively true. Meaning that paintings and lyrics have to objectively portray what people looked like and behaved like based on the facts available. Which is why Plato was opposed to painting sculptures with purple eyes...because no Greek has purple eyes. (His example) Doing such a thing is no different than lying.

He believed that the upper class should not be allowed to own private property, or at least very little, and should make a vow to use their wealth for the public good. This is a recurring theme among modern fascists. He also believed in eugenics. He thought the upper class could be selectively bred to produce the best genes. So they can be the most perfect soldiers, artists, and leaders.

Plato's Republic

His ideal Republic was hardly a Democracy. It was Fascism and if his ideas were transposed to modern times you'd have a state run by a technocratic-philosopher elite. This can be somewhat compared to modern Fascist governments, particularly Evola-thought.

The idea behind the Republic is fitted with what many Greeks would have believed in: that working people would have no time to consider fully the debates and issues of the day. This still applies to this day.

How was Plato a fascist?

The idea that Plato wasfascistis absolutely correct. Just because the ideology did not exist as a term at the time doesn’t mean it didn’t exist in the mindset.

Plato's ideas followed very closely to the ideology. Some refer to him as a "proto-fascist", but that term teally belongs to Lycurgus, the Spartans, and Socrates.

Plato, as stated in "The Republic" (Plato's original word for hisfascistsystem), believed in an authoritarian state that instilled culturally enriched learning, a strong military, unified people that were against the blight of riots, and eugenics (selected breeding and a hallmark of fascism) in order to further the progress and quality of human kind, also mentioning how his “guardians” would be an elite class of people who were bred to have superior genes and be head of the state, through meritocracy. These beliefs were the very firstfascistbeliefs: an authoritarian, nationalist government that has a strong military power and restrictions on rioting and other destructive activity.

So to make it short, yes Plato was a fascist. Saying otherwise is childish and ignorant to the fact you wish not to assosciate the man with an ideology (the truth being that you just don't like the idea of a figure like Plato being a fascist) all because “the word didn’t exist then”.

Law of Decay

Plato delineates “the law of decay”, the first iteration of the modern "Law of Entropy" (now an established Law of Physics) that he believed underpinned all human societies: a temporarily ideal society inevitably first morphs into a timocracy, where personal honor forms virtuous society; the timocracy which will then result in democracy, where all pursuits are honored equally and the state is at the mercy of relentless tribal conflict. This devenerates into oligopoly, where the avarice of an enriched minority will rule the day; this fiduciary perversion and strife will eventually give rise to authoritarianism or possibly even tyranny,  where a strong leader will correct the society, hopefully with love, but possibly ruling without temperance or virtue. To escape this degenerate cycle, Plato argued that society needed the guidance of philosopher-kings, whose biology and education would uniquely equip him to maintain the true Form of the Kallipolis fascism, and stave off the otherwise inevitable societal decay.

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