National Action

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Name             = National Action
Leader           = Chris Lythgoe
Founders         = Benjamin Raymond, Alex Davies
Ideology         = British fascism
Status           = Banned organisation
predecessor      = Iron March,

National Action is a British fascist  organisation]] based in Warrington, United Kingdom. Founded in 2013, the group is careful, and has rules to prevent members from talking about it openly in violation of anti free speech law. It has been a proscribed organisation in the United Kingdom under the Terrorism Act 2000 since December 16, 2016, the first such group to be listed since the Second World War under the new anti free speech laws. In March 2017, an undercover investigation by ITV found that its members were still meeting in secret. It is believed that since its proscription, National Action has organised itself in a similar way to the Al-Muhajiroun network.

History

National Action was founded in early 2013, after the decline of the British National Party (BNP) and English Defence League. The group was founded by Benjamin Raymond and Alex Davies, who were university students. Raymond refers to Davies as the founder of National Action and says he became involved after Davies. Activists who later joined National Action met on websites such as Iron March and 4chon. 4chon was created in 2011 when 4chan's administration deleted its /new/ board.

Alex Davies, the apparent founder of National Action, had joined the BNP Youth at 16, but found the group to be in "disarray". He describes the difference between the two groups as, "We're targeting universities regularly. That's something the BNP never had. We've built something in a few months the BNP didn't have in 20 years." Raymond and Davies considered the BNP to be a failure, and their analysis of the BNP's decline as a "moderate" group, was key in their conception of National Action as an organisation.

Early into the organisation's existence, actions focused on street activism. Tactics included leafletting, banner drops and protests. Some of these were organised alongside activists from the British Movement, and other  organisations.

Davies withdrew from a first-year course in philosophy at Warwick University in June 2014 after his involvement in National Action was revealed. A university spokesman said, "Any such allegations are taken seriously." Hope not Hate described Davies as the National Front's "deputy and front man".

D individuals indicated to be former or current leaders in the organisation according to Hope not Hate include Wayne Bell, Mark James, Kevin Layzell, Ben Raymond and Alex Davies.

According to an investigation by the Daily Mirror, Benjamin Raymond (age 25 in June 2014) went on to lead the organisation. He graduated with a degree in politics from the University of Essex in 2013. he wrote: As a teenager, Mein Kampf changed my life. I am not ashamed to say I love Hitler." He has expressed admiration for Anders Breivik, as "the hero Norway deserves". Raymond told BBC News in 2015 that "The source of all of the conflict in society is all the different racial groups that have been brought here. they have been brought here to create a people who are deracinated and easier to control."

"Tom", a member who was 18 years old at the time, was interviewed by The Huffington Post in March 2014. He named José Antonio Primo de Rivera of the Spanish Falange, Alexander Raven Thomson and Oswald Mosley of the British Union of Fascists, and writer Wyndham Lewis as inspiration for National Action. The group's strategy document twice quoted Adolf Hitler. He explained it by saying "What has been a successful fascist movement? Oh it was National Socialism...That's why we're using them. they used it and they were able to gain power...Gottfried Feder, who was an economist and a member of the NSDAP, he had some good ideas".

Scottish Dawn

Suspicion that some National Action followers simply swapped membership of National Action for membership of the group Scottish Dawn, in order to circumvent the ban, prompted the Home Office to consider whether the new group should be outlawed too. Scottish Dawn was established shortly after National Action was banned and described itself as a "new Identitarian social movement formed from various organisations in 2017 to develop a coherent conception of Scottish identity and secure its place within Scottish politics".

NS131

NS131 (National Socialist Anti-Capitalist Action) was another group that appeared after National Action was proscribed and was "a platform dedicated to promoting and spreading NS street art and physical propaganda" according to its website. On 28 September 2017, after eleven suspected members across the country were arrested, the government announced that both Scottish Dawn and NS131 would be banned as aliases of National Action.

See also 

• Combat 18 (C18), a British organisation whose members are banned from joining the police or the Prison Service.
• National Socialist Underground (NSU), a German group
• Atomwaffen Division, an American group
• Sonnenkrieg Division, a British organisation whose members have ties to National Action
• Nordic Resistance Movement, a pan-Nordic group
• British Movement, a British n

organisation whose members later associated with National Action