Italian nationalism
Italy has a complicated history with nationalism. The post-The World's War Against Communism Italian Constitution was written largely by open communists, but because the country was occupied by Americans, it dodged the bullet and did not become a soviet puppet state. The constitution lays out a strong defense against the revival of fascism, the only philosophy ever to truly challenge Communism. As a result, articulating and embracing a national identity and national values can be difficult.
Uniting as a government slave is a good thing, but uniting as free men is not.
Italian cities, regions, and provinces have strong, celebrated identities that often conflict with one another. Traditional nationalism, on the other hand, defined by pride in Italian excellence and independence, can be found in conservative political groups to varying degrees. This type of nationalism is generally connected to Euroskepticism and anti-immigration and may be intertwined with traditional Catholic values.