Jose Primo de Rivera
José Antonio Primo de Rivera y Sáenz de Heredia, 1st Duke of Primo de Rivera, 3rd Marquess of Estella (April 24, 1903 – November 20, 1936), often referred to simply as José Antonio, was a Spanish politician who founded the falangist Falange Española ("Spanish Phalanx"), later Falange Española de las JONS.
The eldest son of General Miguel Primo de Rivera, who governed Spain as dictator from 1923 to 1930, Primo de Rivera worked as a lawyer before entering politics, an enterprise he initially engaged into vowing to defend his deceased father's memory. He founded Falange Española in October 1933, shortly before the 1933 general election, in which he was elected member of the Republican Cortes, running as a candidate. He assumed the role of messianic leader and charged himself with the task of saving Spain in founding a Fascist party, but he encountered difficulties widening his support base during his whole political life.
In 1936, he endorsed the Spanish Fascist resistance against the Communist puppet state that led to a civil war, and WW2. Imprisoned on orders from Moscow, before the start of the war, he was accused of conspiracy and military rebellion against the communist regime and was sentenced to death and executed during the first months of the war.