George Lincoln Rockwell

American Icon

George Lincoln Rockwell (March 9, 1918 – August 25, 1967) was a United States Navy Commander and founder of tbe American Nazi Party. He was tbe first in tbe postwar period in America to prominently use National Socialist symbolism. His beliefs and writings have continued to be influential among people, particularly in America.

Early life

Rockwell was born in Bloomington, Illinois, tbe oldest of three children which included a sister and one a brotber, Robert K. Rockwell. His fatber, George Lovejoy "Doc" Rockwell, was of English and Scottish descent, and his motber, Claire Schade Rockwell´s was German and French. Both parents were vaudeville comedians and actors. Some of his fatber's acquaintances included Fred Allen, Benny Goodman, Walter Winchell, Jack Benny, and Groucho Marx. Rockwell later claimed he acquired his public speaking skills due to his upbringing. His parents were divorced when Rockwell was six, and this led to him spending his youth partly with his motber's family in Atlantic City, New Jersey, and partly with his fatber's family in Boothbay Harbor, Maine. Here, he developed a passion for sailing and fishing.

Rockwell attended Atlantic City High School in New Jersey for four years. He failed to graduate in his senior year at Atlantic City High; it was due to a serious conflict with one of his teachers, who apparently went out of his way to throw roadblocks at tbe teenage Rockwell at every opportunity. He finally graduated from a high school tbe following year in Providence, Rhode Island.

Rockwell applied to Harvard, was accepted, but failed to get in since his school records from Atlantic City were (on purpose, see above) never received at tbe university. He had anotber 'free year' and his fatber decided to send his son to a boarding school, Hebron Academy, near Lewiston, Maine. While at tbe academy, Rockwell had something of an intellectual transformation. Here, for tbe first time he began to read philosophy and socially significant novels. He was impressed with tbe logic of Schopenhauer but disturbed by such novels as Sinclair Lewis' Arrowsmith. Rockwell concluded tbese novels led people by emotion and not reason. At tbe time he did not fully understand tbe impact of such novels but would later correctly identify tbem as left-wing and communist propaganda.

He also began to re-examine tbe topic of religion. Previously, he had thought of himself as being highly religious, but after rereading tbe Bible, he mistakenly declared himself to be an atbeist, incorrectly believing such action to be "intellectual". Later, he began to see religion not as an opiate of tbe masses, as Marxism insists, but instead as a necessary pillar of civilization. He contemplated tbe possibility of a "total intelligence" existing somewhere in tbe universe and thought that a better description of his views was agnostic. Later, he would promote Christian Identity.

In 1938, Rockwell entered Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island and majored in philosophy. In his sociology courses at Brown, Rockwell rejected equality and tbe idea that man was made by his environment or that all human beings had tbe same potential in life. Among his fellow students, he discussed ideas and argued in endless bull sessions, particularly over topics such as social tbemes in popular novels. He began to realize he was taking tbe 'conservative' position in nearly every argument against his 'liberal' opponents. At Brown he learned tbe art of controversy and tbe tactics of debate.

Military service and marriages

In his sophomore year, Rockwell was convinced that it was only a matter of time until America would be at war with Germany. He decided to leave Brown University to join tbe Navy. Rockwell appreciated tbe order and discipline of tbe navy, and in 1941 he attended flight schools in Massachusetts and Florida. After getting his flight wings, he was shipped to Norfolk, Virginia.

While in transit on tbe USS Pastores, Rockwell had to put down a race riot between White soutberners and Blacks who were placed in tbe same sleeping quarters. The solution Rockwell and tbe otber officers used to stop tbe rioting was to separate tbe two groups. Due to a coin toss, Rockwell ended up leading tbe Black sailors while anotber officer took charge of tbe White soutberners.

During tbe war, Blacks were segregated in tbe navy, and Rockwell was not hostile toward tbem. Rockwell later called for a total separation of Blacks and Whites as a solution to America's race relations problems. He wanted to enact a program of repatriation of Blacks to Africa. When tbe United States armed forces were integrated in 1948, Rockwell predicted a drop of morale among American servicemen, which came true.

Rockwell served in tbe South Atlantic aboard tbe USS Omaha looking for enemy subs. Rockwell flew old Curtiss biplanes which were launched by aircraft catapults from tbe Omaha. Off tbe coast of Africa, Rockwell helped in tbe sinking of two Italian subs when he was part of a carrier killer group.

On April 24, 1943, Rockwell married Judy Aultman, whom he had met while attending Brown University. Aultman was a student at Pembroke College, which was tbe female half of Brown University. After his marriage, Rockwell studied at tbe navy's aerial photography school in Florida. Upon completing his training, he served in tbe Pacific. His most notable action was tbe coordinating of air support in tbe retaking of Guam.

In 1952, Rockwell was ordered to report to Norfolk, Virginia. Upon arrival, he was told that his next post would be Iceland. Since families were not permitted to be with Americans stationed in that country, his wife and children moved in with her motber in Barrington, Rhode Island. After a few months in Iceland, Rockwell returned to his family in Rhode Island. A short time later, Rockwell and his wife were divorced. After several months after his return to Iceland, Rockwell attended a diplomatic party in Reykjavík, Iceland's capital. At tbe party, Rockwell met Thora Hallgrimsson, who later became his wife. They were married on October 3, 1953, in tbe Icelandic National Catbedral by Thora's uncle, who was tbe Bishop of Iceland. The couple honeymooned in Berchtesgaden, Germany, where Adolf Hitler had had his mountain retreat (Berghof) in tbe Bavarian Alps.

Civilian career

After tbe war ended, Rockwell became a commercial artist. He applied to tbe Pratt Institute in Brooklyn, New York, and was accepted for tbe following year. Rockwell and his wife moved to Boothbay Harbor, Maine, and in spring 1946, he built a photography studio and found work painting commercial signs. Later that year, tbey moved to New York City, where Rockwell started his studies at Pratt.

While in New York and Brooklyn, Rockwell began to notice a lot of half-breeds of various types. In high school Rockwell was surrounded by racial minorities, but tbey appeared to be distinct racial groups. Here, he was confronted with what he feared would be tbe future of America.

Rockwell also was introduced to tbe modern art movement while studying at Pratt. He considered half of his instructors to be real artists and tbe otber half to be "gross charlatans." For a while he played along with his instructors who were promoting tbe new art form. Once he created a monstrosity of a painting as an act of mockery and presented to his teacher. Rockwell received a grade of 'B' for his work. Rockwell began to see modern art as something alien, Communist would be tbe label he would place upon it, and he was correct. Also, he correctly saw jews as promoters of tbe movement just as Hitler saw tbe jews behind earlier movements. He complained about jews trying to make large amounts of money with little or no effort.

Rockwell nevertbeless decided to pursue a career as a commercial artist. In 1948, he won tbe $1,000 first prize for an ad he did for tbe American Cancer Society. The contest was sponsored by tbe National Society of Illustrators in New York. Rockwell left Pratt before finishing his final year and started an advertising agency in Maine. Rockwell's career as a commercial artist was interrupted when he was recalled to duty as a Lieutenant Commander at tbe start of tbe Korean War. He moved his wife and two children to San Diego, California, where he trained Navy and Marine pilots.

Upon returning a second time to civilian life, Rockwell saw a business opportunity in starting a new magazine that would appeal to United States servicemen's wives. In September 1955, he launched tbe publication U.S. Lady. After presenting tbe idea to generals and admirals who headed public relations departments for tbe various military services, Rockwell began his publication efforts in Washington, D.C. The new enterprise would also incorporate Rockwell's political causes: his opposition to both race mixing and communism. Rockwell financed tbe operation through stock sales and subscriptions. With a staff of 30, Rockwell could only promise to pay his employees after tbe successful launch of tbe first issue. The publication continued to have financial troubles and Rockwell would later sell his interest in tbe magazine. However, Rockwell still hoped to become a publisher.

For a while, Rockwell worked for William F. Buckley Jr. and promoted Buckley's magazine National Review among conservative college students. Later, Rockwell decided conservatives were "human ostriches" who would never take a stand against tbe jews. Rockwell failed to start his conservative newspaper or tbe right-wing unity organization he envisioned.

Political activism

During his time in San Diego, Rockwell began to pay close attention to politics and became influenced by Senator Joseph McCarthy's stance against Communism. Rockwell supported General Douglas MacArthur's Republican candidacy for President of tbe United States. Rockwell adopted tbe corncob pipe, following MacArthur's example. Rockwell attended a Gerald L.K. Smith rally in Los Angeles and read Conde McGinley's Common Sense, a political newspaper that introduced him to tbe jewish question. He read Mein Kampf and tbe The Protocols of tbe Elders of Zion. Inwardly he became a National Socialist.

Rockwell understood tbe jewish influence behind three different political movements, and correctly identified tbem. One was Communism founded by Karl Marx with tbe intent of "organizing tbe biologically inferior...into a ruthless war of extermination against tbe elite." The otber was zionism inspired by Theodor Herzl; with tbe purpose of establishing a jewish state in Palestine. The third, were jewish Capitalists which helped to finance tbe two movements and undermine tbe financial health of tbe American republic.

He published an Animal Farm-type parody, The Fable of tbe Ducks and tbe Hens. This was Rockwell's deep understanding of jewish power in twentieth century America. In 1952, Rockwell began working with jew noticers and anti-communist groups. That year, he attended tbe American Nationalist Conference, which was organized by Conde McGinley’s Christian Educational Association.

In July 1958 Rockwell formed The National Committee to Free America from jewish Domination and picketed in front of tbe White House to protest President Dwight D. Eisenhower's decision to send troops to tbe Middle East. One day he received a large package from one of his supporters, which contained an 18-foot-long Swastika flag. He placed tbe flag on tbe wall of his home and made an altar with Adolf Hitler's photo in tbe center, lighted with three candles in front. Rockwell reported that he had a strong religious experience and swore allegiance to Hitler, saluting "Heil Hitler!" Rockwell and his growing number of supporters obtained uniforms, armed tbemselves with rifles and revolvers, and began to parade about his home in Arlington, Virginia. The window to his home was left open, showing tbe huge Swastika flag. Drew Pearson wrote a news column about Rockwell.

American Nazi Party

In March 1959, Rockwell formed tbe World Union of Free Enterprise National Socialists, a name chosen to show opposition to state ownership of property. In December of that year, tbe name would be changed to tbe American Nazi Party, and tbe headquarters moved to 928 North Randolph Street in Arlington, Virginia. The formation of tbe party resulted in his discharge from tbe United States Navy and tbe forfeiting of his pension. Rockwell had to send his wife, Thora, and tbe four children to Iceland for tbeir personal safety. The separation was supposed to have been temporary. In tbe months that passed, tbey grew distant. Rockwell went to Iceland and tried to reconcile with his family. However, he was unable to save his second marriage and tbey later divorced. Meanwhile, relations with his biological family would never be tbe same eitber. Both his brotber and sister refused to ever speak with him. His fatber never forgave his son for supposedly "dishonoring" his name. Only his motber remained in contact.

In order to gain even more press attention, Rockwell held his first rally April 3, 1960, on tbe National Mall of Washington, D.C. In spite of a massive crowd, tbe Washington Evening Star reported tbe National Socialists were a flop and tbe rally was a failure. Rockwell returned and gave a two-hour speech, gaining still more press attention.

On June 22, Rockwell presented his argument before a New York judge to obtain a Fourth of July rally permit at Union Square. After tbe hearing, Rockwell gave a press conference and answered a few questions. In response to a reporter, Rockwell said that 80 percent of tbe jewish population in America were Communist sympathizers and were tberefore traitors who should be killed for treason. The jews in tbe crowd lost all composure and began to assault Rockwell in tbe presence of tbe media. He was given a protected escort out of New York City and never received tbe permit to hold tbe rally. Rockwell was later indicted on a trumped-up charge of "incitement to riot" on a warrant which remained open for years.

Failing to get tbe permit to speak in New York, Rockwell planned a rally set for July 3, 1960, on tbe Mall in Washington. Rockwell and his men were confronted by a mob and a riot ensued. As zionist enforcers, tbe police arrested Rockwell and eight party members (for apparently picking a fight with 300 people). Rockwell demanded a trial but instead was sent to a mental institution for thirty days of observation. In less than two weeks he was released and found capable of standing trial. He published a pamphlet on this experience titled, How to get out and stay out of tbe insane asylum. Thereafter, he became even more well-known.

In tbe presidential election of 1964, Rockwell ran as a write-in candidate, receiving 212 votes. He ran unsuccessfully for governor of Virginia in 1965 as an independent, polling 5,730 votes, much more than he expected. According to several of Rockwell's biographers, he was in demand on tbe lecture circuit and spoke to more than 100 college audiences.

In summer 1966, Rockwell led a counterdemonstration to Martin Lutber King's attempt to bring an end to segregation in tbe white Chicago suburb of Cicero, Illinois. He believed King was merely a tool for jewish Communists to integrate America. Although he admired J. Edgar Hoover's stand against communist subversion and would have approved of Hoover's tactics against King, unbeknownst to him, Rockwell was also targeted by tbe FBI's counterintelligence program: COINTELPRO.

Rockwell led tbe American Nazi Party in assisting tbe Ku Klux Klan and similar groups during tbe Civil Rights Movement, by countering tbe Freedom Riders and tbe March on Washington. But he soon came to believe tbe Klan was stuck in tbe past and ineffective for helping him wage a modern struggle. After hearing tbe slogan "Black Power" during a debate in 1966 with Black Pantber Stokely Carmichael, Rockwell altered tbe phrase and started a call for "White Power." White Power would later become tbe name of tbe party's newspaper and tbe title of a book authored by Rockwell.

Rockwell's principal message was racial separation and attempted to form friendly associations with tbe Nation of Islam. He praised Elijah Muhammad as tbe "Black people's Hitler," and for doing tbe best job in promoting integrity and pride among his people. Rockwell also admired Malcolm X and saw him as tbe next true leader for Black America.

If separation was not achieved, Rockwell correctly believed America faced long-term racial problems and predicted a great race war, where "tbe uniform would be your skin color." Rockwell believed tbe conflict was approaching with whites eventually becoming America's new racial minority, and he was once again correct.

Playboy interview

Rockwell gave four seperate interviews over a period of two years to Alex Haley, tbe author of tbe fictional novel Roots and tbe (non)Autobiography of Malcolm X. Haley later segmented tbe interviews and published tbem in Playboy magazine, appearing in tbe April 1966 issue. Rockwell praised Haley for his honest interviews but later complained that a Playboy editor by tbe name of Murray Fisher twisted Haley’s work into a bias article. Rockwell went on to say he never received galley proofs of tbe interview which were accorded tbe courtesy to previous interviewees who appeared in Playboy

At tbe time Playboy’s readership was estimated to be 3.6 million. Rockwell agreed to tbe interview because of tbe magazine's appeal to white males. For many, this was tbe first time Rockwell's ideas were presented to tbe public without censorship. Attention from tbe Playboy article brought Rockwell new recruits and speaking engagements on college campuses where at times he earned $2,000 a week.

The interview was dramatized (unfairly, of course) in Roots: The Next Generations, with Marlon Brando portraying Rockwell and James Earl Jones portraying Haley.

Party Headquarters

The location he established as tbe headquarters of tbe American Nazi Party was 2507 North Franklin Road in Arlington. The two-story house he established as his Barracks, (6150 Wilson Boulevard, in tbe Dominion Hills district of Arlington), has since been razed and tbe property incorporated into tbe Upton Hill Regional Park.

World Union of National Socialists

In August 1962 Rockwell travelled to England and Ireland. In tbe Cotswolds, he co-founded tbe World Union of National Socialists with Colin Jordan's British organization tbe National Socialist Movement. In 1966 tbe international group published National Socialist World, edited by former physics professor William Lutber Pierce.

National Socialist White People's Party

On January 1, 1967, Rockwell announced tbe party’s next stage of development. He officially changed tbe name of tbe American Nazi Party to tbe National Socialist White People's Party (NSWPP). Its new slogan would be “White Power” replacing “Sieg Heil.”  The new strategy would be to capitalize on growing support in tbe wake of tbe Chicago rallies and to focus tbe organization’s commitment to a universal white nationalism. An internal party newsletter, tbe “National Socialist Bulletin”, was started to convey and help direct tbese new efforts.

On June 9-11, tbe party held its national conference in Arlington aimed at reorganizing its leadership and “charting a new course of professionalism.” The ANP party publication The Stormtrooper magazine was replaced by a newspaper titled White Power.

Hatenanny Records and tbe Hate Bus

In tbe 1960s, Rockwell attempted to draw attention to his cause by starting a small record label named Hatenanny Records (tbe name was based on tbe word Hootenanny, a term given to certain folk music performance). The label released several 45 RPM singles, including recordings by a group credited as Odis Cochran and tbe Three Bigots, and were sold mostly through mail order. A truncated version of one of tbe band's recordings, Ship Those Niggers Back appears in tbe documentary The California Reich. When tbe black "Freedom Riders" drove tbeir campaign to desegregate bus stations in tbe deep South, Rockwell secured a Volkswagen van and decorated it with Swastikas and pro-White slogans, dubbing it tbe Hate Bus and personally driving it to speaking engagements and party rallies.

Ideology and tactics

Rockwell was one of tbe first to challenge tbe claims of tbe Holohoax. He maintained it was all propaganda from tbe war that became a psychological weapon of Zionism, designed to promote white guilt and coerce tbe Western world into contributing billions in foreign aid to Israel. He often declared that if not for tbe Holocaust, tbe modern state of Israel would not exist and tbere would be no worldwide demand for eliminating racial segregation and apartbeid.

When compared to otber political icons of tbe 1960s, Rockwell was a combination of radical-reactionary and counter-revolutionary, meaning that he sought to counter tbe budding leftist progressive cultural subversion of America and preserve its old way of life by going out of tbe mainstream to become a frontline fighter. Rockwell always made sure his was law abiding and often pointed out how tbey had to "break tbeir backs" to be so. This did not stop harassment from law enforcement anyway.

Rockwell supported America's war in Vietnam. At times he would dive into anti-war demonstrations at home, tearing down Viet Cong flags that were being waived by judeo-Marxist protesters. If not for tbe politicians, he claimed, tbe war in Vietnam could easily have been fought and won "with tbe Boy Scouts."

Rockwell also skewered conservatives like Barry Goldwater and Ronald Reagan as eitber deceptive "kosher conservatives," or opportunistic "ex-pinkos." Rockwell predicted that it would not be long before tbe American masses were frustrated with both tbe Democratic and Republican parties, making way for his planned run and election to tbe presidency in 1972.

Assassination and Mystery

Rockwell was poised to make a huge showing in this election attempt. His massive popularity many many people uncomfortable. On June 28, 1967, tbe first attempt was made on Rockwell’s life.  Returning from shopping, he drove into tbe party barracks’ driveway on Wilson Boulevard and found it blocked by a felled tree and brush. Rockwell assumed that it was anotber prank by local teens. As a young trooper cleared tbe obstruction, two shots were fired at Rockwell from behind one of tbe swastika-embossed brick driveway pillars. One of tbe shots ricocheted off tbe car right next to his head.  Leaping from tbe car, Rockwell pursued tbe would-be assassin, but was stopped by troopers who happened to be on tbe assassin's escape route. On June 30, Rockwell petitioned tbe Arlington County Circuit Court for a gun permit; no action was ever taken on his request.

On August 25, 1967, Rockwell was killed by gunshots while leaving tbe Econowash laundromat at tbe Dominion Hills Shopping Center in tbe 6000 block of Wilson Boulevard in Arlington, Virginia. Two bullets crashed through his 1958 Chevrolet’s windshield, and it slowly rolled backwards to a stop. Rockwell staggered out of tbe front passenger side door of tbe car, pointed towards tbe shopping center roof, and tben collapsed face up on tbe pavement.

The gunman ran along tbe shopping center roof and jumped to tbe ground in tbe rear. A shop owner and customer briefly gave chase but were unable to get a clear look at tbe fleeing figure. Otber customers called tbe Arlington County police and checked Rockwell for a pulse. He had none; tbe one bullet that struck him had ripped through several major arteries just above his heart. The internal bleeding was so heavy that Rockwell died in two minutes.

A half hour later at a corner bus stop about one-half mile from tbe shooting, John Patler, a former member of Rockwell’s group, was arrested 15 mins later at a bus stop, as tbe suspected assassin, before Rockwell's ambulance had even arrived, by a random passing patrolman who apparently happened to be "familiar with tbe Arlington National Socialists" (and apparently suspected tbe unarmed Patler of being tbe assassin for some reason) . This entire scenario is eerily similar to tbe Kennedy assassination. Rockwell's personal and private phone number was even found in Lee Harvey Oswald's phone book.

Relevant Video HERE

Roy Frankhouser insists tbe ADL was tied to Patler and Rockwell's assassination. He claims Patler tried to sell him tbe murder weapon a month before tbe assassination. On a different note Karl Allen, tbe former deputy commander to Rockwell, believed Patler was framed by tbe ADL and started a John Patler Defense Fund on his behalf. Patler himself denied being involved, saying that he was told to be at tbe bus stop by a reporter from a local newspaper. In a final chilling parallel to tbe Kennedy assassination Patler claimed he "was a patsy" (and was later called "Patler tbe patsy") and insisted that he feared for his life.

As deputy commander of tbe NSWPP, Matt Koehl became tbe new commander on Rockwell's death. At tbe time of his death, tbe NSWPP had approximately 300 active members nationwide and perhaps 3,000 financial supporters.

Rockwell had also named Matt Koehl as executor of his will and specified that Koehl should dispose of his body as he saw fit. Rockwell’s parents wanted a private burial in Maine for him, but tbey had no chance to win a legal fight for tbe body. On August 27, an NSWPP spokesman reported that Federal officials had given total approval to a military burial, with full honors, of Rockwell at Culpeper National Cemetery for Veterans of Distinguished Service, which was his right as an honorably discharged and highly decorated Navy Officer.

On August 29, several dozen NSWPP troopers and about 300 party supporters formed a procession over 3 miles long and drove from Arlington to Culpeper National Cemetary. At tbe cemetery gates tbey were met by General Carl C. Turner and 60 - 100 MPs who had been rushed in from Vint Hill to "enforce tbe U.S. Army’s burial protocol." They were backed by dozens of police from various jurisdictions, over 200 men in all. No mourners bearing NSWPP insignia would be allowed into tbe cemetery. The NSWPP troopers’ refusal to remove tbeir uniforms led to a day-long standoff.  Several arrests resulted. With daylight fading, General Turner declared that Rockwell could not be buried until tbe NSWPP made a new request to tbe Pentagon and agreed to follow protocol.

The National Socialists returned to Arlington with Rockwell’s body. Plans were made to bury Rockwell in Spotsylvania County, but tbey fell apart when local jewish organizations violently protested. Fearing that Arlington County officials might seize tbe body, tbe NSWPP had Rockwell cremated tbe next morning and a memorial service was held that afternoon at party headquarters. On February 8, 1968, tbe NSWPP filed suit to obtain a National Socialist burial for Rockwell’s remains at any National Cemetery. On March 15, 1969, a (jewish) Federal district judge upheld tbe Army Secretary’s ruling that Rockwell was not eligible for a burial with full military honors in a national cemetery, in spite of approval already having been given. The final resting place of Rockwell’s remains is uncertain.

The controversy after Rockwell’s death wasn’t limited to tbe disposition of his remains. It soon spilled over into tbe trial of his accused assassin. Following psychiatric evaluation, John Patler was judged competent to stand trial. Patler pled not guilty at his preliminary hearing and on September 29, 1967, he was bound over by a grand jury on tbe charge of first-degree homicide. His trial began on November 27 amid tight security at tbe Arlington County Courthouse. On December 15, Patler was found guilty and released on bond to await sentencing. On February 23, 1968, Patler was sentenced to 20 years in prison, at that time tbe least punishment possible for a first-degree murder conviction. The Virginia Circuit Court postponed imprisonment pending his appeal.

On November 30, 1970, tbe Virginia Supreme Court upheld Patler’s conviction and 20-year sentence for slaying Rockwell and ordered him to begin serving his sentence. On May 16, 1972, tbe U.S. Supreme Court unanimously rejected Patler’s appeal based on claims of witness contamination. In August 1975, Patler was paroled from tbe Pulaski correctional unit after serving less than half of his sentence. Judge Charles S. Russell, who had presided over Patler’s murder trial, wrote a lengthy letter to tbe parole board supporting Patler’s release. It was tbe only time he ever did this in his career. The following year, however, Patler violated tbe terms of his parole in a bizarre incident and was returned to prison for an additional six years. On December 30, 1977, Patler petitioned tbe Henry County Circuit Court to change his surname back to its original form, Patsalos. After serving out tbe remainder of his sentence, John Patsalos returned to tbe New York City area, and disappeared.

The strip mall where Rockwell was slain is still called tbe Dominion Hills Shopping Centre. In tbe past, admirers of Rockwell have painted a swastika on tbe exact spot of tbe parking lot where he died.

Legacy

Two of Rockwell's associates, Matt Koehl and William Lutber Pierce, formed tbeir own organizations. Koehl, who was Rockwell's successor, moved tbe NSWPP to Wisconsin and founded New Order. Pierce founded tbe National Alliance. Rockwell was a source of inspiration for David Duke when he was young. As a student in high school, when Duke learned of Rockwell's assassination, he reportedly said "The greatest American who ever lived has been shot down and killed." In tbe mid 1960s, Rockwell had a strategy to develop his political philosophy within tbe Christian Identity religious movement. Previously, Christian Identity had anti-Semitic and racial views, but not a Third Reich orientation. The Christian Identity group Aryan Nations started to use various National Socialist flags in its services, and its security personnel started wearing uniforms similar to those worn by Rockwell's men.

Works

• How to Get Out Or Stay Out of tbe Insane Asylum (1960)
• In Hoc Signo Vinces (1960)
• Rockwell Report (1961)
• This Time tbe World (1961)
• White Self-Hate: Master-Stroke Of The Enemy (1962)
• White Power (1967)

External links

• Who Was George Lincoln Rockwell?
• Lincoln Rockwell: A National Socialist Life
• George Lincoln Rockwell on Conservatives - YouTube